Second harmonic generation in monolithic gallium phosphide metasurfaces.

Gallium phosphide (GaP) offers unique opportunities for nonlinear and quantum nanophotonics due to its wide optical transparency range, high second-order nonlinear susceptibility, and the possibility to tailor the nonlinear response by a suitable choice of crystal orientation. However, the availability of single crystalline thin films of GaP on low index substrates, as typically required for nonlinear dielectric metasurfaces, is limited. Here we designed and experimentally realized monolithic GaP metasurfaces for enhanced and tailored second harmonic generation (SHG).

Observation of the Wannier-Stark ladder in plasmonic waveguide arrays.

Evanescently coupled waveguides are a powerful platform to study and visualize the wave dynamics in tight-binding systems. Here, we investigate the propagation of surface plasmon polaritons in arrays of dielectric loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides with a propagation constant gradient acting as an effective external potential. Using leakage radiation microscopy, we observe in real-space for single site excitation a periodic breathing of the wave packet and an oscillatory motion in the case of Gaussian excitation of multiple waveguides.

Effects of Saccharides Supplementation in the Extender of Cryopreserved Rooster () Semen on the Fertility of Frozen/Thawed Spermatozoa.

The aim of this study was to create balanced media for the cryopreservation of rooster semen in pellets to maintain the functional state of the sperm after thawing. Fructose was replaced by trehalose in experimental media in proportions of 10% (LCM-T10) and 20% (LCM-T20), while LCM was used as a control. After artificial insemination of the hens, the eggs were incubated (n = 400).

Observation of topological transport quantization by dissipation in fast Thouless pumps.

Quantized dynamics is essential for natural processes and technological applications alike. The work of Thouless on quantized particle transport in slowly varying potentials (Thouless pumping) has played a key role in understanding that such quantization may be caused not only by discrete eigenvalues of a quantum system, but also by invariants associated with the nontrivial topology of the Hamiltonian parameter space. Since its discovery, quantized Thouless pumping has been believed to be restricted to the limit of slow driving, a fundamental obstacle for experimental applications.