The myokinetic stimulation interface: activation of proprioceptive neural responses with remotely actuated magnets implanted in rodent forelimb muscle.

. Proprioception is the sense of one's position, orientation, and movement in space, and it is of fundamental importance for motor control. When proprioception is impaired or absent, motor execution becomes error-prone, leading to poorly coordinated movements.

Neurorobotic fusion of prosthetic touch, kinesthesia, and movement in bionic upper limbs promotes intrinsic brain behaviors.

Bionic prostheses have restorative potential. However, the complex interplay between intuitive motor control, proprioception, and touch that represents the hallmark of human upper limb function has not been revealed. Here, we show that the neurorobotic fusion of touch, grip kinesthesia, and intuitive motor control promotes levels of behavioral performance that are stratified toward able-bodied function and away from standard-of-care prosthetic users.

Proprioceptive Augmentation With Illusory Kinaesthetic Sensation in Stroke Patients Improves Movement Quality in an Active Upper Limb Reach-and-Point Task.

Stroke patients often have difficulty completing motor tasks even after substantive rehabilitation. Poor recovery of motor function can often be linked to stroke-induced damage to motor pathways. However, stroke damage in pathways that impact effective integration of sensory feedback with motor control may represent an unappreciated obstacle to smooth motor coordination.

Long-Term Home-Use of Sensory-Motor-Integrated Bidirectional Bionic Prosthetic Arms Promotes Functional, Perceptual, and Cognitive Changes.

Cutaneous sensation is vital to controlling our hands and upper limbs. It helps close the motor control loop by informing adjustments of grasping forces during object manipulations and provides much of the information the brain requires to perceive our limbs as a part of our bodies. This sensory information is absent to upper-limb prosthesis users.

Biomimetic sensory feedback through peripheral nerve stimulation improves dexterous use of a bionic hand.

We describe use of a bidirectional neuromyoelectric prosthetic hand that conveys biomimetic sensory feedback. Electromyographic recordings from residual arm muscles were decoded to provide independent and proportional control of a six-DOF prosthetic hand and wrist-the DEKA LUKE arm. Activation of contact sensors on the prosthesis resulted in intraneural microstimulation of residual sensory nerve fibers through chronically implanted Utah Slanted Electrode Arrays, thereby evoking tactile percepts on the phantom hand.