Quantifying the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on air pollution in Ahvaz: a comparative dual-approach assessment of observed against baseline and forecasted criteria air pollutants.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Iranian government swiftly implemented immediate and decisive measures to control the spread of the infection. This study aims to demonstrate the impact of restriction measure on air pollution, also to highlight the potential variability in results that can arias from different methodological approach. A comprehensive dual-approach assessment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the lockdown measures on criteria air pollutants.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, ESR, and CRP Have No Roles as Markers for Disease Severity and Prognosis in Patients with RRMS.

Background: Up to now, there is no definitive prognostic factor for patients with multiple sclerosis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (N/L ratio) as a cheap, available, and noninvasive marker for disease activity and prognosis.

Material And Methods: A total of 112 patients, who were diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), and 61 healthy controls were considered.

The perception of air pollution and its health risk: a scoping review of measures and methods.

Background: Although there is increasing awareness of the health risks of air pollution as a global issue, few studies have focused on the methods for assessing individuals' perceptions of these risks. This scoping review aimed to identify previous research evaluating individuals' perceptions of air pollution and its health effects, and to explore the measurement of perceptions, as a key resource for health behaviour.

Methods: The review followed the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley.

Optimizing functionally graded tibial components for total knee replacements: a finite element analysis and multi-objective optimization study.

The optimal design of complex engineering systems requires tracing precise mathematical modeling of the system's behavior as a function of a set of design variables to achieve the desired design. Despite the success of current tibial components of knee implants, the limited lifespan remains the main concern of these complex systems. The mismatch between the properties of engineered biomaterials and those of biological materials leads to inadequate bonding with bone and the stress-shielding effect.