Risk factors for diabetes mellitus type 2 and metabolic syndrome are comparable for previously growth hormone-treated young adults born small for gestational age (sga) and untreated short SGA controls.

Context: Low birth weight might increase risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 and metabolic syndrome (MS). GH has insulin-antagonistic properties. Therefore, long-term follow-up of GH-treated children born small for gestational age (SGA) is important.

Effects of growth hormone treatment on cognitive function and head circumference in children born small for gestational age.

Short stature is not the only problem faced by children born small for gestational age (SGA). Being born SGA has also been associated with lowered intelligence, poor academic performance, low social competence and behavioural problems. This paper summarizes the results of a randomized, double-blind, growth hormone (GH) dose-response study (1 or 2 mg/m2/day [ approximately 0.

Quality of life in adolescents born small for gestational age: does growth hormone make a difference?

Background/aims: To evaluate quality of life (QoL) in adolescents born SGA without spontaneous catch-up growth, treated with and without long-term growth hormone (GH) therapy. Additionally, to assess whether GH treatment has a positive effect on QoL, besides improving adult height and height SDS during childhood.

Methods: Two groups of adolescents born SGA without spontaneous catch-up growth participated in the QoL evaluation; a GH-treated group (n = 44, mean GH duration: 8.

Psychosocial functioning after discontinuation of long-term growth hormone treatment in girls with Turner syndrome.

It is common practice in the case of Turner syndrome (TS) to treat short stature with GH treatment and to induce puberty with estrogens at an age as close to normal puberty as possible. This approach in most cases leads to a height in the normal range in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood in TS. Little data is available, however, on its effect on psychosocial functioning.

Efficacy and safety of long-term continuous growth hormone treatment of children born small for gestational age.

Twelve years of growth hormone (GH) therapy of short children born small for gestational age (SGA) have demonstrated that GH is an effective and well-tolerated therapy. Most children will reach a normal adult height (AH). AH of 55 SGA adolescents was comparable for those treated with a GH dose of 1 or 2 mg/m2 (approximately 0.

Intelligence and psychosocial functioning during long-term growth hormone therapy in children born small for gestational age.

Short stature is not the only problem faced by small for gestational age (SGA) children. Being born SGA has also been associated with lowered intelligence, poor academic performance, low social competence, and behavioral problems. Although GH treatment in short children born SGA can result in a normalization of height during childhood, the effect of GH treatment on intelligence and psychosocial functioning remains to be investigated.

Puberty in growth hormone-treated children born small for gestational age (SGA).

Seventy-five small for gestational age (SGA) children were studied in a randomized, double-blind, dose-response GH trial with either 1 or 2 mg GH/m(2).d. Mean (SD) age at the start of GH therapy was 7.

Adult height after long-term, continuous growth hormone (GH) treatment in short children born small for gestational age: results of a randomized, double-blind, dose-response GH trial.

The GH dose-response effect of long-term continuous GH treatment on adult height (AH) was evaluated in 54 short children born small for gestational age (SGA) who were participating in a randomized, double-blind, dose-response trial. Patients were randomly and blindly assigned to treatment with either 3 IU (group A) or 6 IU (group B) GH/m(2).d ( approximately 0.

Final height in girls with turner syndrome after long-term growth hormone treatment in three dosages and low dose estrogens.

Although GH treatment for short stature in Turner syndrome is an accepted treatment in many countries, which GH dosage to use and which age to start puberty induction are issues of debate. This study shows final height (FH) in 60 girls with Turner syndrome treated in a randomized dose-response trial, combining GH treatment with low dose estrogens at a relatively young age. Girls were randomly assigned to group A (4 IU/m(2).

Effect of discontinuation of growth hormone treatment on risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adolescents born small for gestational age.

Hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus type 2, and coronary heart disease have been associated with being born small for gestational age (SGA). It has been reported that GH treatment induced higher insulin levels, which has led to concern regarding the long-term effect of GH treatment in predisposed individuals such as children born SGA. In this study, we assessed the effect of discontinuation of long-term GH treatment in 47 adolescents born SGA on oral glucose tolerance tests, blood pressure (BP), and serum lipid levels for two GH dosage groups (3 vs.

Effect of discontinuation of long-term growth hormone treatment on carbohydrate metabolism and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in girls with Turner syndrome.

GH treatment increases insulin levels in girls with Turner syndrome (TS), who are already predisposed to develop diabetes mellitus and other risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated carbohydrate metabolism and several other risk factors that may predict development of cardiovascular disease in girls with TS after discontinuation of long-term GH treatment. Fifty-six girls, participating in a randomized dose-response study, were examined before, during, and 6 months after discontinuing long-term GH treatment with doses of 4 IU/m(2).