Schizotypal Traits in College Students: Association with Empathy and Psychiatric Symptoms.

Background: Recent research shows that individuals exhibiting schizotypal traits (ST) are more prone to developing other psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression. Regarding the relationship between empathy and schizotypy, a considerable degree of heterogeneity has been observed. The objective of this study was to describe the presence of ST in college students and the relationships among ST, psychiatric symptoms, and empathy.

No Sex-based Differences in Self-reported Empathy between Patients with Schizophrenia and Control Subjects.

Background: Schizophrenia, one of the most disabling disorders worldwide, is characterized by impaired empathy, which appears to be more common in women.

Methods: This study aimed to compare empathy levels between control subjects and patients with schizophrenia by sex. We compared sixty-two patients with schizophrenia and 166 control subjects.

On Metacognition: Overconfidence in Word Recall Prediction and Its Association with Psychotic Symptoms in Patients with Schizophrenia.

Unlabelled: A two-factor account has been proposed as an explanatory model for the formation and maintenance of delusions. The first factor refers to a neurocognitive process leading to a significant change in subjective experience; the second factor has been regarded as a failure in hypothesis evaluation characterized by an impairment in metacognitive ability. This study was focused on the assessment of metacognition in patients with schizophrenia.

Risperidone Decreases Expression of Serotonin Receptor-2A (5-HT2A) and Serotonin Transporter (SERT) but Not Dopamine Receptors and Dopamine Transporter (DAT) in PBMCs from Patients with Schizophrenia.

Dopamine and serotonin receptors and transporters play an essential role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia; changes in their expression have been reported in neurons and leukocytes. Each antipsychotic induces a unique pattern in leukocyte function and phenotype. However, the use of polytherapy to treat schizophrenia makes it challenging to determine the specific effects of risperidone on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Similarities in cognitive impairment between recent- onset and chronic schizophrenia patients: a consideration for the neurodevelopmental hypothesis.

Impairment in attention, memory, processing speed and executive functions have been described in patients with schizophrenia. Such impairments can be observed in early stages of the disease and in chronic patients; discrepancy in findings regarding the cognitive deficits at different stages of the illness keeps the debate about schizophrenia as a neurodegenerative condition which courses with continuous deterioration, or if deficits remain stable, as the neurodevelopmental hypothesis suggests.

Cognitive impairment in the co-occurrence of alcohol dependence and major depression: neuropsychological assessment and event-related potentials analyses.

To evaluate the putative detrimental effect of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) on the cognitive impairment associated with Alcohol Dependence (AD), we contrasted the neuropsychological profile and behavioral responses of AD subjects, MDD individuals, and in those with a co-occurring AD-MDD diagnosis (DD). Patients and healthy subjects completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery and were recorded for P200, P300, and N450 event-related potentials during memory and Stroop tasks. AD subjects exhibited a generalized detrimental neuropsychological performance; in contrast, in MDD individuals, impairment was limited to discrete domains.

THE LOSS OF FAMILIARITY: A CASE STUDY OF THE COMORBIDITIES OF CAPGRAS AND FREGOLI.

This case study describes the coexistence of Capgras and Fregoli-type delusions in a 51-year-old woman. The patient reported that her children were kidnapped and replaced with doubles. She claims that several customers at her shop are her real children.

Neurocognition in Bipolar and Depressive Schizoaffective Disorder: A Comparison with Schizophrenia.

Introduction: Schizoaffective disorder (SA) is classified into bipolar (bSA) and depressive (dSA) subtypes. Although clinical differences between both have been reported, there is no clear information regarding their specific cognitive profile.

Objective: To compare neurocognition between SA subtypes and schizophrenia (SC).

Processing speed differences between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: A pilot study.

We aimed to compare processing speed (PS) and its subcomponents in schizophrenia (SC) and schizoaffective disorder (SA). Thirty-five patients were divided into two groups (SC=18; SA=17). PS tasks from the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery Central/South America version were used.

Neuropsychology and Rehabilitation Services in the United States: Brief Report from a Survey of Clinical Neuropsychologists.

Objective: To provide a brief presentation of preliminary data on rehabilitation services provided by clinical neuropsychologists within the United States.

Method: This survey utilized data extracted from a larger international research study conducted in 39 countries including N = 173 professionals who reported to engage in neuropsychological rehabilitative services within the past year (63.6% female, 44.

Brain lateralization of complex movement: neuropsychological evidence from unilateral stroke.

Complex movement (CM) refers to the representation of a goal-oriented action and is classified as either transitive (use of tools) or intransitive (communication gestures). Both types of CM have three specific components: temporal, spatial, and content, which are subdivided into specific error types (SET). Since there is debate regarding the contribution of each brain hemisphere for the types of CM, our objective was to describe the brain lateralization of components and SET of transitive and intransitive CM.