Long-term remission of diabetes in NOD mice is induced by nondepleting anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 antibodies.

Residual β-cells found at the time of clinical onset of type 1 diabetes are sufficient to control hyperglycemia if rescued from ongoing autoimmune destruction. The challenge, however, is to develop an immunotherapy that not only selectively suppresses the diabetogenic response and efficiently reverses diabetes, but also establishes long-term β-cell-specific tolerance to maintain remission. In the current study, we show that a short course of nondepleting antibodies (Abs) specific for the CD4 and CD8 coreceptors rapidly reversed clinical disease in recent-onset diabetic NOD mice.