A follow-up study of neurometabolic alterations in female concussed athletes.

Athletes who sustain a concussion demonstrate a variety of symptoms and neuropsychological alterations that could be brought on by neurometabolic abnormalities. However, no study has yet investigated these aspects in female athletes using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The present study investigated the neurometabolic and -psychological effects of a concussion in the acute (7-10 days postinjury) and chronic (6 months postinjury) phases after injury.

Early detection of liver steatosis by magnetic resonance imaging in rats infused with glucose and intralipid solutions and correlation to insulin levels.

Objective: Magnetic resonance (MR) techniques allow noninvasive fat quantification. We aimed to investigate the accuracy of MR imaging (MRI), MR spectroscopy (MRS) and histological techniques to detect early-onset liver steatosis in three rat phenotypes assigned to an experimental glucolipotoxic model or a control group.

Materials And Methods: This study was approved by the institutional committee for the protection of animals.

Neurometabolic and microstructural alterations following a sports-related concussion in female athletes.

Background: Sports-related concussions are a major public health concern affecting millions of individuals annually. Neurometabolic and microstructural alterations have been reported in the chronic phase following a concussion in male athletes, while no study has investigated these alterations in female athletes.

Methods: Neurometabolic and microstructural alterations following a concussion were investigated by comparing 10 female athletes with a concussion and 10 control female athletes, using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Sports concussions and aging: a neuroimaging investigation.

Recent epidemiological and experimental studies suggest a link between cognitive decline in late adulthood and sports concussions sustained in early adulthood. In order to provide the first in vivo neuroanatomical evidence of this relation, the present study probes the neuroimaging profile of former athletes with concussions in relation to cognition. Former athletes who sustained their last sports concussion >3 decades prior to testing were compared with those with no history of traumatic brain injury.

Metabolic changes in concussed American football players during the acute and chronic post-injury phases.

Background: Despite negative neuroimaging findings many athletes display neurophysiological alterations and post-concussion symptoms that may be attributable to neurometabolic alterations.

Methods: The present study investigated the effects of sports concussion on brain metabolism using 1H-MR Spectroscopy by comparing a group of 10 non-concussed athletes with a group of 10 concussed athletes of the same age (mean: 22.5 years) and education (mean: 16 years) within both the acute and chronic post-injury phases.

MRS study of the effects of minocycline on markers of neuronal and microglial integrity in ALS.

Objective: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) allows to monitor brain metabolites noninvasively in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The objective of this study was to use MRS to monitor the effect of minocycline treatment (200 mg/day) over a short period (6 weeks) on the brain metabolites in the precentral gyrus and brainstem in newly diagnosed ALS patients.

Methods: Ten ALS patients (not on riluzole treatment) were recruited and submitted to single-voxel proton MRS longitudinal examinations (1) before minocycline treatment, (2) 3 weeks and (3) 6 weeks after initiation of treatment.

Simultaneous assessment of liver volume and whole liver fat content: a step towards one-stop shop preoperative MRI protocol.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of a whole liver volume (WLV) segmentation algorithm to measure fat fraction (FF).

Methods: Twenty consecutive patients with histologically proven fatty liver disease underwent dual-echo in-phase/out-of-phase MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 1.5 T.

Neurometabolic changes in the acute phase after sports concussions correlate with symptom severity.

Sports concussion is a major problem that affects thousands of people in North America every year. Despite negative neuroimaging findings, many athletes display neurophysiological alterations and post-concussion symptoms such as headaches and sensitivity to light and noise. It is suspected that neurometabolic changes may underlie these changes.

Noninvasive quantitation of human liver steatosis using magnetic resonance and bioassay methods.

The purpose was to evaluate the ability of three magnetic resonance (MR) techniques to detect liver steatosis and to determine which noninvasive technique (MR, bioassays) or combination of techniques is optimal for the quantification of hepatic fat using histopathology as a reference. Twenty patients with histopathologically proven steatosis and 24 control subjects underwent single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy (MRS; 3 voxels), dual-echo in phase/out of phase MR imaging (DEI) and diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) examinations of the liver. Blood or urine bioassays were also performed for steatosis patients.

Diffusion-weighted imaging and magnetization transfer imaging of tardive and edentulous orodyskinesia.

Oral dyskinesias occur in elderly individuals in relation to drug use (tardive dyskinesia, TD) or edentulousness (edentulous orodyskinesia, EOD) but their characterization remains incomplete. Our aim was to investigate whether magnetic resonance techniques such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and magnetization transfer imaging (MTI) of the brain could be used to differentiate dyskinetic patients from control subjects. Eight drug-treated patients with TD, 12 EOD patients, 8 drug-treated patients without TD, and 10 control subjects were recruited and examined by DWI and MTI.

Quantitative MRS study of Baló's concentric sclerosis lesions.

Baló's concentric sclerosis (BCS) lesions display specific metabolite changes detected by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). We report on two cases of BCS lesions examined by MRS; the first case was evaluated 36 days after the onset of symptoms, whereas the second case was evaluated 9 days after the onset of symptoms. MRS data were obtained from single voxels located in the lesion and in the contralateral region.

Study of solid-phase synthesis and purification strategies for the preparation of polyglutamine peptides.

Many neurodegenerative diseases are related to an abnormal expansion of the CAG trinucleotide that produces polyglutamine segments in several proteins. However, the pathogenesis of these neurodegenerative states is not yet well understood. Thus, to evaluate the molecular mechanisms leading to those diseases, suitable research tools such as synthetic polyglutamine peptides are required.

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of dyskinesia patients.

Oral dyskinesias may occur spontaneously or be induced by medications such as antipsychotics and antidepressants. In this study, single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to compare metabolite levels in the striatum for (1) 12 patients with drug-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD), (2) 12 patients with spontaneous oral dyskinesia (SOD), (3) 8 antidepressant-treated patients without TD, and (4) 8 control subjects. Statistically significant reductions in the choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) ratio were measured for the drug-treated patients with TD (-13%, P = 0.

(1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy of autosomal ataxias.

Multiple forms of autosomal ataxia exist which can be identified by genetic testing. Due to their wide variety, the identification of the appropriate genetic test is difficult but could be aided by magnetic resonance data. In this study, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and imaging (MRI) data were recorded for 20 ataxia patients of six different types and compared to 20 normal subjects.

Cognitive function and cerebral assessment in patients who have Cushing's syndrome.

Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a relevant model to better understand the effects of glucocorticoid (GC) excess on the human brain. The importance of GC excess on the central nervous system is highlighted by the high prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and cognitive impairment in patients who have CS. In addition, there is a high incidence of apparent diffuse loss of brain volume in patients who have CS.

Comparison of 17beta-estradiol structures from x-ray diffraction and solution NMR.

The NMR-derived structure of estrogen (17beta-estradiol, E2), the drug of choice for postmenopausal women, was compared with a recent literature crystal x-ray structure of Fab-bound E2. 1H and 13C NMR spectra of E2 were acquired in DMSO-d6. Assignments were obtained from an analysis of DQF-COSY, TOCSY, HETCOR, HMQC and HMBC 2D NMR spectra.

Characterization of ataxias with magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy.

A wide variety of autosomal transmitted ataxias exist and their ultimate characterization requires genetic testing. Common clinical characteristics among different ataxia types complicate the choice of the appropriate genetic test. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) generally show cerebellar or cerebral atrophy and perturbed metabolite levels which differ between ataxias.

Similar 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic metabolic pattern in the medial temporal lobes of patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease.

Structures of the medial temporal lobes are recognized to play a central role in memory processing and to be the primary sites of deterioration in Alzheimer disease (AD). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents potentially an intermediate state between normal aging and AD. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to examine brain metabolic changes in patients with AD and MCI in the medial temporal lobes (MTLs), parietotemporal cortices (PTCs) and prefrontal cortices (PFCs).

MR imaging-guided focused ultrasound surgery of breast cancer: correlation of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with histopathologic findings.

Purpose: To assess the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameters to monitor residual tumor following non-invasive MRI-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRIgFUS) of breast tumors.

Methods: DCE-MRI data were acquired before and after the MRIgFUS treatment of small breast tumors (d < 3.5 cm) for 17 patients.

Feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound surgery as an adjunct to tamoxifen therapy in high-risk surgical patients with breast carcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of treating breast neoplasms with use of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-guided focused ultrasound (US) surgery.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four female patients, each with a single biopsy-proven breast carcinoma, who were considered to be at increased surgical risk or who had refused surgery underwent MR imaging-guided focused US surgery as an adjunct to their chemotherapeutic regimen of tamoxifen. Follow-up included routine studies to rule out metastatic disease and MR studies with and without contrast material infusion in the treated breast (10 days and 1, 3, and 6 months after the treatment session).

Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of the liver of hepatitis C patients.

Magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of the liver was investigated to determine whether this method could be used to differentiate between the stages of fibrosis and inflammation for hepatitis C viral infection. DWI data were recorded for 18 hepatitis C patients and 10 control subjects using a modified pulse sequence allowing a 52 ms echo time delay. Acquisitions were performed with breath holding using five different b gradient factor values ranging between 50 and 250 s/mm(2) and in the three axes.

MR imaging-guided focused US ablation of breast cancer: histopathologic assessment of effectiveness-- initial experience.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of noninvasive magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-guided focused ultrasonographic (US) ablation of breast carcinomas.

Materials And Methods: Before undergoing tumor resection, 12 patients with invasive breast carcinomas were treated with MR imaging-guided focused US ablation consisting of multiple sonications of targeted points that were monitored with temperature-sensitive MR imaging. The patients were treated with either one of two focused US systems.

Correlation of regional proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic metabolic changes with cognitive deficits in mild Alzheimer disease.

Context: The staging of Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia could be improved by a neurometabolic analysis using magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Objective: To examine the correlation between regional cerebral metabolic alterations measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and neuropsychological dysfunctions in patients with early AD.

Design: A case-control study.