Transition to anomalous dynamics in a simple random map.

The famous doubling map (or dyadic transformation) is perhaps the simplest deterministic dynamical system exhibiting chaotic dynamics. It is a piecewise linear time-discrete map on the unit interval with a uniform slope larger than one, hence expanding, with a positive Lyapunov exponent and a uniform invariant density. If the slope is less than one, the map becomes contracting, the Lyapunov exponent is negative, and the density trivially collapses onto a fixed point.

Volume-Outcome Relationship in Cancer Survival Rates: Analysis of a Regional Population-Based Cancer Registry in Japan.

Background: There is limited data on the relationship between hospital volumes and outcomes with respect to cancer survival in Japan. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of hospital volume on cancer survival rate using a population-based cohort database.

Methods: Using the Kanagawa cancer registry, propensity score matching was employed to create a dataset for each cancer type by selecting 1:1 matches for cases from high- and other-volume hospitals.

Existence of multiple noise-induced transitions in Lasota-Mackey maps.

We prove the existence of multiple noise-induced transitions in the Lasota-Mackey map, which is a class of one-dimensional random dynamical system with additive noise. The result is achieved with the help of rigorous computer assisted estimates. We first approximate the stationary distribution of the random dynamical system and then compute certified error intervals for the Lyapunov exponent.

PET imaging of C-labeled thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide, vitamin B derivative: First-in-human study.

Unlabelled: Vitamine B thiamine is an essential component for glucose metabolism and energy production. The disulfide derivative, thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide (TTFD), is more absorbent compared to readily-available water-soluble thiamine salts since it does not require the rate-limiting transport system required for thiamine absorption. However, the detailed pharmacokinetics of thiamine and TTFD under normal and pathological conditions were not clarified yet.

Contribution of chemotherapy to improved prognosis in stage 4 gastric cancer: trend analysis of a regional population-based cancer registry in Japan.

Objectives: Little is known about time trends in the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC), since the introduction of new chemotherapeutic agents. This study aimed to analyze how the increased number of available chemotherapeutic options affected the prognosis of GC and which patient types benefited within in a large population.

Methods: From a population-based cancer registry in Japan, 35,751 cases of GC were identified.

Permutations uniquely identify states and unknown external forces in non-autonomous dynamical systems.

It has been shown that a permutation can uniquely identify the joint set of an initial condition and a non-autonomous external force realization added to the deterministic system in given time series data. We demonstrate that our results can be applied to time series forecasting as well as the estimation of common external forces. Thus, permutations provide a convenient description for a time series data set generated by non-autonomous dynamical systems.

Manufacturing Industry Cancer Risk in Japan: A Multicenter Hospital-Based Case Control Study.

Background: It is well known that specific occupations can cause harm in developing malignant neoplasms. Chemical exposure is particularly high in the manufacturing industry and workers in this sector may face a higher occupational risk for cancer. We aimed to estimate inequalities in the risk of cancers related to occupational chemical exposure in various manufacturing categories.

The Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Sorafenib in Combination with TACE.

Objective: Sorafenib have been shown to be effective in the treatment of advanced HCC and has been standard therapy since its release in Japan in 2009 (Llovet et al., 2008; Cheng et al., 2009).

Asymptotic estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection counts and their sensitivity to stochastic perturbation.

Despite the importance of having robust estimates of the time-asymptotic total number of infections, early estimates of COVID-19 show enormous fluctuations. Using COVID-19 data from different countries, we show that predictions are extremely sensitive to the reporting protocol and crucially depend on the last available data point before the maximum number of daily infections is reached. We propose a physical explanation for this sensitivity, using a susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered model, where the parameters are stochastically perturbed to simulate the difficulty in detecting patients, different confinement measures taken by different countries, as well as changes in the virus characteristics.

Risk of cancer and longest-held occupations in Japanese workers: A multicenter hospital-based case-control study.

Objectives: Little is known about the risk of developing various cancers according to occupation and occupational physical activity.

Methods: Using nationwide clinical inpatient data (1984-2017) in Japan, we undertook a multicentered, matched case-control study with regard to the risk of developing various cancers according to occupation and using patients admitted with fractures as controls. Using standardized national occupation and industrial classifications, we first identified the longest-held job for each patient.

Anomalous Diffusion in Random Dynamical Systems.

Consider a chaotic dynamical system generating diffusionlike Brownian motion. Consider a second, nonchaotic system in which all particles localize. Let a particle experience a random combination of both systems by sampling between them in time.

Occupational Class and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Incidence in Japan: Nationwide, Multicenter, Hospital-Based Case-Control Study.

Background In contemporary Western settings, higher occupational class is associated with lower risk for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) incidence, including coronary heart disease ( CHD ) and stroke. However, in non-Western settings (including Japan), the occupational class gradient for cardiovascular disease risk has not been characterized. Methods and Results Using a nationwide, multicenter hospital inpatient data set (1984-2016) in Japan, we conducted a matched hospital case-control study with ≈1.

An overview of the extremal index.

For a wide class of stationary time series, extreme value theory provides limiting distributions for rare events. The theory describes not only the size of extremes but also how often they occur. In practice, it is often observed that extremes cluster in time.

Occupational class and male cancer incidence: Nationwide, multicenter, hospital-based case-control study in Japan.

Little is known about socioeconomic inequalities in male cancer incidence in nonwestern settings. Using the nationwide clinical and occupational inpatient data (1984-2016) in Japan, we performed a multicentered, matched case-control study with 214 123 male cancer cases and 1 026 247 inpatient controls. Based on the standardized national classifications, we grouped patients' longest-held occupational class (blue-collar, service, professional, manager), cross-classified by industrial cluster (blue-collar, service, white-collar).

Occupational inequalities in female cancer incidence in Japan: Hospital-based matched case-control study with occupational class.

Background: Socioeconomic inequalities in female cancer incidence have previously been undocumented in Japan.

Methods: Using a nationwide inpatient dataset (1984-2016) in Japan, we identified 143,806 female cancer cases and 703,157 controls matched for sex, age, admission date, and admitting hospital, and performed a hospital-based matched case-control study. Based on standardized national classification, we categorized patients' socioeconomic status (SES) by occupational class (blue-collar, service, professional, manager), cross-classified by industry sector (blue-collar, service, white-collar).

Cholangiocarcinoma Prognosis Varies over Time Depending on Tumor Site and Pathology.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma is a relatively rare cancer that is difficult to diagnose and has a poor prognosis. Currently, knowledge concerning its etiology, tumor localization, and pathological features remains limited. The present study aimed to clarify the clinico-epidemiologic nature of cholangiocarcinoma with its clinical subtypes using the largest regional cancer registry in Japan.

Efficacy of direct-acting antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis C: A single hospital experience.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in Kanto Rosai Hospital.

Methods: All patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) who underwent DAA prescription were enrolled in this study. The present study was a single center retrospective analysis using patients infected with HCV genotype 1 or 2.

The Effect of New Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agents on the Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Japan – An Analysis of Data from the Kanagawa Cancer Registry.

Objective: Notable advances in diagnostic imaging modalities and therapeutic agents have contributed to improvement in the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over the past decade. However, knowledge concerning their epidemiological contribution remains limited. The present study investigated the effect of emerging diagnostic and therapeutic agents on HCC prognosis, using the largest regional cancer registry in Japan.

Primary Hepatic Lymphoma Complicated by a Hepatic Inflammatory Pseudotumor and Tumor-Forming Pancreatitis.

Background: Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is considered to be benign in biological behavior, and its malignant transformation is extremely rare. There has only been one published case of primary hepatic lymphoma complicated by hepatic IPT.

Case Presentation: A 73-year-old man presented with obstructive jaundice and a pancreatic head mass.

Comparison of Clinical Characteristics between Occupational and Sporadic Young-Onset Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Since seventeen employees of an offset printing company in Osaka, Japan developed cholangiocarcinoma it has become recognized as an occupational cancer. This study investigated the differences of clinical features between occupational cholangiocarcinoma and sporadic young-onset cholangiocarcinoma.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-four young adults (<50 years old) with sporadic cholangiocarcinoma were extracted from the Rosai Hospital Group database (sporadic group) and their clinical features were compared with those of 17 patients with occupational cholangiocarcinoma (occupational group).

ESR investigation of sucrose radicals produced by 0.25-4.5 Gy doses of X-ray irradiation.

We investigated stable radicals produced by 0.25-4.5 Gy doses of X-ray irradiation of sucrose.

A new index of abdominal obesity which effectively predicts risk of colon tumor development in female Japanese.

Background: A relation between abdominal obesity and colorectal tumor development has been reported repeatedly, and is believed to be more remarkable in man than in women. However, the details vary depending on scientific reports. This may be due at least partly to the selected surface anthropometric index in addition to the influence of gender and ethnic groups.