Characterization of the Phosphotransferase from 1101 That Is Responsible for the Biotransformation of Zearalenone.

microorganisms play an important role in the zearalenone (ZEA) biotransformation process in natural environments. The phosphotransferase pathway in is both widespread and relatively well conserved. However, the reaction kinetics of these phosphotransferases remain poorly understood, and their catalytic activities are suboptimal.

Ustiloxin A impairs oocyte quality by disrupting organelles function.

Oocyte quality is pivotal for fertilization and early embryonic development. Ustiloxin A (UA), is an emerging mycotoxin that has been frequently detected in rice and paddy. Because UA has been reported to be phytotoxic and cytotoxic, it poses a potential hazard to human and animal health.

High-Throughput Screening of DPPIV Inhibitors Antagonizing GLP-1 Degradation Using an Enzymatic Activated Fluorescent Probe.

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV, EC 3.4.14.

Triterpenoids from inhibit cytochrome P450 enzymes interfering with the metabolic process of specific clinical drugs.

Background: (), which possesses various biological effects, has been widely used as traditional medicine and functional food in Asian countries, especially China. In consideration of its various biological effects on human healthcare, . was usually used in combination with other drugs.

Zedoary turmeric oil injection ameliorates lung inflammation via platelet factor 4 and regulates gut microbiota disorder in respiratory syncytial virus-infected young mice.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced lung inflammation is one of the main causes of hospitalization and easily causes disruption of intestinal homeostasis in infants, thereby resulting in a negative impact on their development. However, the current clinical drugs are not satisfactory. Zedoary turmeric oil injection (ZTOI), a patented traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been used for clinical management of inflammatory diseases.

A Turn-On Fluorescent Probe for Highly Selective Detection and Visualization of Hydrogen Sulfide in Fungi.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is a significant actor in the virulence and pathogenicity of fungi. The analysis of endogenous HS in fungi benefits the prevention and treatment of pathogenic infections. Herein, a HS-activated turn-on fluorescent probe named was developed for the sensitive and selective detection of HS.

PepPre: Promote Peptide Identification Using Accurate and Comprehensive Precursors.

Accurate and comprehensive peptide precursor ions are crucial to tandem mass-spectrometry-based peptide identification. An identification engine can derive great advantages from the search space reduction enabled by credible and detailed precursors. Furthermore, by considering multiple precursors per spectrum, both the number of identifications and the spectrum explainability can be substantially improved.

A Hydrolase Produced by HQ Is Responsible for the Detoxification of Zearalenone.

Zearalenone (ZEN), an estrogenic mycotoxin, is one of the prevalent contaminants found in food and feed, posing risks to human and animal health. In this study, we isolated a ZEN-degrading strain from soil and identified it as HQ. Analysis of degradation products clarified the mechanism by which HQ degrades ZEN.

The traditional Chinese medicines treat chronic heart failure and their main bioactive constituents and mechanisms.

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a severe public health problem with increasing morbidity and mortality, any treatment targeting a single session is insufficient to tackle this. CHF is characterized by reduced cardiac output resulting from neurohumoral dysregulation and cardiac remodeling, which might be related to oxidative stress, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, autophagy, mitochondrial function, and angiogenesis. These molecular mechanisms interact with each other through crosstalk.

Network pharmacology and molecular docking prediction, combined with experimental validation to explore the potential mechanism of Qishen Yiqi pills against HF-related cognitive dysfunction.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Qishen Yiqi Pills (QSYQ) is a classical herbal formula for treating heart failure (HF) and has potential efficacy in improving cognitive function. The latter is one of the most common complications in patients with HF. However, there is no study on treating HF-related cognitive dysfunction by QSYQ.

Spatial metabolomics reveal mechanisms of dexamethasone against pediatric pneumonia.

Currently, drugs are limited to treating pediatric pneumonia in clinical practice. It is urgent to find one new precise prevention and control therapy. The dynamically changing biomarkers during the development of pediatric pneumonia could help diagnose this disease, determine its severity, assess the risk of future events, and guide its treatment.

[Concept and method of evidence-based toxicology of traditional Chinese medicine from origin and development of evidence-based toxicology].

Advances in science and technology promote the rapid development of toxicological detection technologies. However, there is still a lack of decision-making tools for toxicological risk assessment, such as the lack of transparent schemes to evaluate current toxicological research and practice and the lag of toxicological testing tools to evaluate toxicity, resulting in difficulties in toxicity verification and hindering the transformation of toxicological research paradigm. Some scholars have proposed to integrate the concept of evidence-based medicine with the toxicological practice to improve the technical methods of toxicological research concept and risk assessment decision-making.

Paeoniflorin-free subfraction of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. shows the potential of anti-hepatic fibrosis: an integrated analysis of network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hepatic fibrosis is a major consequence of liver disease. Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR), the dry root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., has a long history of clinical application in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of liver diseases.

Proteomics Revealed That Mitochondrial Function Contributed to the Protective Effect of Herba Siegesbeckiae Against Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Background: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is the main obstacle to percutaneous coronary intervention, lacking effective therapeutic measures in a clinical setting. Herba Siegesbeckiae (HS) is a traditional herb with multiple pharmacological activities and evidence of cardiovascular protection. However, few data are available regarding the role of HS in cardiac I/R.

Penicipurate A, a new polyketide derivative from the endophytic fungus .

A new polyketide derivative containing a 3-hydroxydecanoic acid ester moiety, penicipurate A (), was purified from the solid cultures of the fungus , a fungal strain endophytic in the leaves of . The structure of was established by spectroscopic methods, including UV, IR, HRESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR and C NMR chemical shifts calculations coupled with DP4+ analysis, as well as the chemical degradation method. Compound showed moderate inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase (PL) with an IC value of 9.

Two New Nor-seco-Isodhilarane-Type Meroterpenoids from the Endophytic Fungus Penicillium purpurogenum.

Two new nor-seco isodhilarane meroterpenoids (NSIMs), purpurogenolides F (1) and G (2), along with three known meroterpenoid analogs (3-5), were isolated from the cultures of an endophytic fungus, Penicillium purpurogenum. Structures and absolute configurations of the new NSIMs were determined based on extensive spectroscopic data analyses, including HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, NMR chemical shift calculations together with DP4+ probability analysis, as well as ECD calculations. All the isolated meroterpenoids were assessed for their anti-inflammatory activities, and compound 4 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against the nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced RAW 264.

Multiple anti-non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) efficacies of isopropylidenyl anemosapogenin via farnesoid X receptor activation and TFEB-mediated autophagy.

Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can develop into cirrhosis, liver failure, or hepatocellular carcinoma without effective treatment. However, there are currently no drugs for NASH treatment, and the development of new therapeutics has remained a major challenge in NASH research. Advances in traditional Chinese medicine to treat liver disease inspired us to search for new NASH candidates from Chi-Shao, a widely used traditional Chinese medicine.

[Trace therapeutic substances of traditional Chinese medicine: great resources of innovative drugs derived from traditional Chinese medicine].

The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) contains very complex constituents. Besides the major constituents, there are a large number of unclear trace constituents with novel skeletons and potent bioactivities, which have been regarded as one of the important therapeutic substances and the great resources of innovative drugs derived from TCM. The present review highlighted that the development of the trace therapeutic substances of TCM is closely depends on the advanced technologies for their identification, isolation, structure elucidation, and bioactivity evaluation.

Bioactive neolignans and lignans from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora.

Two new neolignans and one new lignan (1-3) were obtained from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compound 1 was a racemic mixture and successfully resolved into the anticipated enantiomers via chiral-phase HPLC.

Secoyanhusamine A, an Oxidatively Ring-Opened Isoquinoline Inner Salt From .

Secoyanhusamine A (), a rare rearranged -isoquinoline alkaloid derived from ring oxidative cleavage, was isolated from an aqueous extract of tubers, together with its biosynthetic precursor dehydrocorybulbine (). Secoyanhusamine A () was the first example of a highly oxidized isoquinoline inner salt resulting in a 5-(2-azanylethyl)-2-carboxylate-4-oxo-4-pyran ring system. The biosynthetic pathway of was also postulated.

and Nor- Isodhilarane-Type Meroterpenoids from and the Configuration Revisions of Related Compounds.

and nor- isodhilarane-type meroterpenoids (SIMs and NSIMs) are mainly found in fungi and have been characterized by highly congested polycyclic skeletons and a broad range of bioactivities. However, the literature reports inconsistent configuration assignments for some SIMs and NSIMs, due to their complex polycyclic systems and multichiral centers. Herein, we described eight SIMs and NSIMs isolated from the EtOAc extract of , which led to the configuration revisions of purpurogenolide C (), berkeleyacetal B (), chrysogenolide F (), and berkeleyacetal C () as compounds -, respectively.

[Expression of retinoic acid signaling pathway in uterus injury induced by procymidone in adolescent mice].

Objective: To investigate the expression of key genes and proteins of retinoic acid signaling pathway in procymidone-induced uterine injury in adolescent mice, and analyze the relationship between the signaling pathway and female reproductive damage.

Methods: The 3-week age ICR mice were randomly divided into low, medium, and high-dose groups and one control group with 8 mice in each group by weight. The low, medium and high dose groups were respectively given 50, 100 and 200 mg/(kg·d) procymidone orally for 21 days continuously, while the control group was given equal volume of soybean oil.