LncRNA CASC9 facilitates papillary thyroid cancer development and doxorubicin resistance via miR-28-3p/BCL-2 axis and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Background: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is a malignant tumor that poses a serious threat to human health. LncRNA CASC9 serves as an oncogene in numerous tumors. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of lncRNA CASC9 regulating doxorubicin (Dox) resistance in PTC.

Exosomal lncRNA HEIH, an essential communicator for hepatocellular carcinoma cells and macrophage M2 polarization through the miR-98-5p/STAT3 axis.

Part of human long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been elucidated to play an essential role in the carcinogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a type of malignant tumor with poor outcomes. Tumor-derived exosomes harboring lncRNAs have also been implicated as crucial mediators to orchestrate biological functions among neighbor tumor cells. The recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) exerting M2-like phenotype usually indicates the poor prognosis.

Therapeutic implications of exosomes in the treatment of radiation injury.

Radiotherapy is one of the main cancer treatments, but it may damage normal tissue and cause various side effects. At present, radioprotective agents used in clinics have side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and hypotension, which limit their clinical application. It has been found that exosomes play an indispensable role in radiation injury.