An endogenous cluster of target-directed microRNA degradation sites induces decay of distinct microRNA families.

While much is known about miRNA biogenesis and canonical miRNA targeting, relatively less is understood about miRNA decay. The major miRNA decay pathway in metazoans is mediated through target-directed miRNA degradation (TDMD), in which certain RNAs can 'trigger' miRNA decay. All known triggers for TDMD base pair with the miRNA seed, and extensively base pair on the miRNA 3 prime end, a pattern that supposedly induces a TDMD-competent conformational change of Argonaute (Ago), allowing for miRNA turnover.

Multi-omics characterization and machine learning of lung adenocarcinoma molecular subtypes to guide precise chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a heterogeneous tumor characterized by diverse genetic and molecular alterations. Developing a multi-omics-based classification system for LUAD is urgently needed to advance biological understanding.

Methods: Data on clinical and pathological characteristics, genetic alterations, DNA methylation patterns, and the expression of mRNA, lncRNA, and microRNA, along with somatic mutations in LUAD patients, were gathered from the TCGA and GEO datasets.

Mechanism of dihydroartemisinin in the treatment of ischaemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury via network pharmacology, molecular dynamics simulation and experiments.

Objective: To investigate whether dihydroartemisinin (DHA) attenuates ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation and to explore its potential molecular mechanisms.

Materials And Methods: Network pharmacology analysis was used to screen relevant targets, and molecular docking of DHA with core targets was performed. Molecular dynamics simulation of the target with the lowest binding free energy, NQO1-DHA.

Active surveillance follow-up for prostate cancer: from guidelines to real-world clinical practice.

Purpose: To assess active surveillance (AS) adherence for prostate cancer (PCa) in a "real-world" clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: We utilized our institutional database which was built by interrogating electronic medical records for all men who got diagnosed with PCa from 1995 to 2022. Our cohort included all patients aged < 76 years, with PCa Gleason Grade (GG) 1 or 2, ≤ cT2c, PSA ≤ 20 ng/ml at diagnosis, enrolled on AS, and with at least one biopsy after diagnosis.

NAT10 functions as a pivotal regulator in gastric cancer metastasis and tumor immunity.

Gastric cancer (GC) presents a significant global health burden, with metastasis being the leading cause of treatment failure and mortality. NAT10, a regulatory protein involved in mRNA acetylation, has been implicated in various cancers. However, its role in GC, especially concerning metastasis and immune interactions, remains unclear.

Percutaneous External Fixation of Redistributed Orbital Fat in Transcutaneous Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty.

Background: While percutaneous external fixation has gained popularity in transconjunctival blepharoplasty due to its simplicity and minimal incision, internal fixation remains the standard approach in transcutaneous blepharoplasty.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous external fixation specifically in transcutaneous fat repositioning blepharoplasty.

Methods: From May 2022 to December 2023, a consecutive cohort of 97 patients underwent this surgical technique.

Robotic partial nephrectomy: Indications, patient selection, and setup for success.

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) has readily become the benchmark treatment of small renal masses (SRMs). The management of SRMs is focused on preserving renal function and limiting the morbidity of a traditional open operation, thus greatly impacting overall prognosis and long-term survival. Indications and techniques have evolved over the last 2 decades.

MONITTR allows real-time imaging of transcription and endogenous proteins in C. elegans.

Maximizing cell survival under stress requires rapid and transient adjustments of RNA and protein synthesis. However, capturing these dynamic changes at both single-cell level and across an organism has been challenging. Here, we developed a system named MONITTR (MS2-embedded mCherry-based monitoring of transcription) for real-time simultaneous measurement of nascent transcripts and endogenous protein levels in C.

Association Between Antipsychotic Medication Use and Dementia Risk in Patients With Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder.

Objective: To determine the association between antipsychotic prescriptions and incident dementia in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, Cox Proportional hazard models estimated the association between antipsychotic prescriptions and incident dementia in participants ≥50 years of age with a schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder diagnosis over 12 years. Confounding was controlled by E-balance.

Incidental prostate carcinoma after single-port robot-assisted simple prostatectomy: a multi-institutional report (SPARC).

Background: Single-port robot-assisted simple prostatectomy is a minimally invasive alternative for patients with large benign prostatic hyperplasia with severe symptoms and/or failure of medical treatment. In recent literature, the rate of incidental prostate cancer after simple prostatectomy ranges from 1.8% to 13.

Radical cystectomy versus trimodal therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: Analysis of an other-cause mortality matched cohort.

Objective: Comparative effectiveness studies comparing trimodal therapy (TMT) to radical cystectomy (RC) are typically hindered by selection bias where TMT is usually reserved to patients with poor overall health status. We developed a novel approach by matching patients based on their calculated other-cause mortality (OCM) risk. Using this homogeneous cohort, we tested the impact of TMT vs RC on cancer-specific mortality (CSM).

Transition-Metal-Free Direct α-Arylation of Weinreb-type Amides with Arylboronic Acids through Aza-oxyallyl Cation Intermediates.

Here, we report an efficient transition-metal-free C(sp)-C(sp) Suzuki-Miyaura-type cross-coupling between α-halo Weinreb-type amides and arylboronic acids. The reaction is carried out by capturing active aza-oxyallyl cation (AOAC) with arylboronic acid to form a boron "ate" complex, followed by 1,4-migration to give α-aryl amides with good yields.

Biologic and genomic characterization of a novel virulent phage phiA051, with high homology to prophages.

Introduction: is particularly harmful to freshwater aquaculture, and the search for phage is an effective biological control method, but reports of possible temperate phages and their mutants are rare in this field. In this study, a virulent phage highly homologous to prophage in the genomes of was collected and preliminary biological characterization was carried out to understand its nature.

Materials And Methods: Water samples taken from eel ponds in Fujian, China were combined with the strain.

FOXP4 Is a Direct YAP1 Target That Promotes Gastric Cancer Stemness and Drives Metastasis.

The Hippo-YAP1 pathway is an evolutionally conserved signaling cascade that controls organ size and tissue regeneration. Dysregulation of Hippo-YAP1 signaling promotes initiation and progression of several types of cancer, including gastric cancer. As the Hippo-YAP1 pathway regulates expression of thousands of genes, it is important to establish which target genes contribute to the oncogenic program driven by YAP1 to identify strategies to circumvent it.

Surgeon Skill and Perioperative Outcomes in Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy.

Importance: Technical skill in complex surgical procedures may affect clinical outcomes, and there is growing interest in understanding the clinical implications of surgeon proficiency levels.

Objectives: To determine whether surgeon scores representing technical skills of robot-assisted kidney surgery are associated with patient outcomes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This quality improvement study included 10 urological surgeons participating in a surgical collaborative in Michigan from July 2021 to September 2022.

Assessment of the gender gap in urology industry payments: An Open Payments Program data analysis.

Purpose: The Open Payments Program (OPP), established in 2013 under the Sunshine Act, mandated medical device and pharmaceutical manufacturers to submit records of financial incentives given to physicians for public availability. The study aims to characterize the gap in real general and real research payments between man and woman urologists.

Materials And Methods: The study sample included all urologists in the United States who received at least one general or research payment in the OPP database from 2015 to 2021.

Study on the factors affecting the mechanical properties of antler under quasi-static compression.

In the natural environment, antlers have a significant mechanical structure that protects the deer head from injury. In this paper, the mechanical properties of antlers were evaluated through quasi-static compression tests and microstructural observation of samples from antlers, and the relationship between the sampling position, load direction, and microstructure and their mechanical properties were investigated. Compression experiments confirmed that the tines had the strongest mechanical properties, followed by the main beams and finally the brow tines.

Computational identification and experimental verification of a novel signature based on SARS-CoV-2-related genes for predicting prognosis, immune microenvironment and therapeutic strategies in lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Background: Early research indicates that cancer patients are more vulnerable to adverse outcomes and mortality when infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Nonetheless, the specific attributes of SARS-CoV-2 in lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have not been extensively and methodically examined.

Methods: We acquired 322 SARS-CoV-2 infection-related genes (CRGs) from the Human Protein Atlas database.

Simulating PDT of port-wine stains in the in vivo chicken wattle model using Hemoporfin and radiation at 532 nm: Comparison of a LED and a laser source.

Port-wine stain (PWS) birthmarks are congenital capillary malformations occurring in 0.3 %∼0.5 % of newborns.

Conversion to Radical Nephrectomy From Robotic Partial Nephrectomy Is Most Commonly Due to Anatomic and Oncologic Complexity.

Purpose: Partial nephrectomy is standard-of-care treatment for small renal masses. As utilization of partial nephrectomy increases and includes larger and complex tumors, the risk of conversion to radical nephrectomy likely increases. We evaluated incidence and reason for conversion to radical nephrectomy in patients scheduled for partial nephrectomy by surgeons participating in MUSIC (the Michigan Urologic Surgery Improvement Collaborative).

Aqueous biphasic systems developed with deep eutectic solvents and polymer for the efficient extraction of pigments from beverages.

Novel aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) developed with benzyl-based quaternary ammonium salts-deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and polypropylene glycol (PPG) were herein proposed. The liquid-liquid equilibrium and the partitioning behavior of pigments in the systems were addressed. The results suggested that the shorter the carbon chain length of the DES, the easier to form two phases.

The Effect of Minority Stress Processes on Smoking for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Individuals: A Systematic Review.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals are more likely to smoke than non-LGBTQ individuals. Smoking has been posited as a coping mechanism for LGBTQ individuals facing minority stress. However, the exact relationship between minority stress and smoking behaviors among LGBTQ individuals is unclear.

Research on Indoor Environment Prediction of Pig House Based on OTDBO-TCN-GRU Algorithm.

Temperature and humidity, along with concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, are critical environmental factors that significantly influence the growth and health of pigs within porcine habitats. The ability to accurately predict these environmental variables in pig houses is pivotal, as it provides crucial decision-making support for the precise and targeted regulation of the internal environmental conditions. This approach ensures an optimal living environment, essential for the well-being and healthy development of the pigs.