Three-dimensional distribution of subchondral fracture lines in osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of three-dimensional distribution of subchondral fracture lines on the surface of the osteonecrosis femoral head, and to discuss the underlying mechanisms that contribute to its collapse.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed computed tomography (CT) images from 75 patients (comprising a total of 77 femoral heads) diagnosed with Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) stage IIIA or IIIB femoral head necrosis. The three-dimensional structures of both the femoral head and the subchondral fracture line were reconstructed and subsequently fitted into normal femoral head model.

Semiconductor Heterostructure (SrFeTiO-ZnO) Electrolyte with High Proton Conductivity for Low-Temperature Ceramic Electrochemical Cells.

In recent years, ceramic cells based on high proton conductivity have attracted much attention and can be employed for hydrogen production and electricity generation, especially at low temperatures. Nevertheless, attaining a high power output and durability is challenging, especially at low operational temperatures. In this regard, we design semiconductor heterostructure SFT-ZnO (SrFeTiO-ZnO) materials to function as an electrolyte for fuel cell and electrolysis applications.

Non-ionic surfactant PEG: Enhanced cutinase-catalyzed hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate.

To enhance the enzymatic digestibility of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is highly oriented and crystallized, a polyethylene glycol (PEG) surfactant of varying molecular weights was utilized to improve the stability of mutant cutinase from Humicola insolens (HiC) and to increase the accessibility of the enzyme to the substrate. Leveraging the optimal conditions for HiC hydrolysis of PET, the introduction of 1 % w/v PEG significantly increased the yield of PET hydrolysis products. PEG600 was particularly effective, increasing the yield by 64.

Surgical management of lower limb radiculopathy following acute singe-level osteoporotic vertebral fracture of lower lumbar spine in geriatric patient: a retrospective study.

Background: Radiculopathy of the lower limb after acute osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) in the lower lumbar spine is uncommon in geriatric patients. Moreover, surgical intervention is generally recommended in patients who are irresponsive to conservative treatment. Determining an optimum surgical strategy is challenging considering the poor general condition of this population.

Interfacial Disordering and Heterojunction Enabling Fast Proton Conduction.

The interfacial disorder is a general method to change the metal-oxygen compatibility and carrier density of heterostructure materials for ionic transport modulation. Herein, to enable high proton conduction, a semiconductor heterostructure based on spinel ZnFe O (ZFO) and fluorite CeO is developed and investigated in terms of structural characterization, first principle calculation, and electrochemical performance. Particular attention is paid to the interfacial disordering and heterojunction effects of the material.

Enabling fast ionic transport in CeO-LaBaBiFeO nanocomposite electrolyte for low temperature solid oxide fuel cell application.

Recent studies indicate that electrolyte ionic conductivity plays a pivotal role in reducing the operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In this regard, nanocomposite electrolytes have drawn significant attention owing to their enhanced ionic conductivity and fast ionic transport. In this study, we fabricated CeO-LaBaBiFeO nanocomposites and tested them as a high-performance electrolyte for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT-SOFCs).

Improved Ionic Transport Using a Novel Semiconductor CoMnFeAlO and Its Heterostructure with Zinc Oxide for Electrolyte Membrane in LT-CFCs.

Improving the ionic conductivity and slow oxygen reduction electro-catalytic activity of reactions occurring at low operating temperature would do wonders for the widespread use of low-operating temperature ceramic fuel cells (LT-CFCs; 450-550 °C). In this work, we present a novel semiconductor heterostructure composite made of a spinel-like structure of CoMnFeAlO (CMFA) and ZnO, which functions as an effective electrolyte membrane for solid oxide fuel cells. For enhanced fuel cell performance at sub-optimal temperatures, the CMFA-ZnO heterostructure composite was developed.

A practical method for the retrieval of tulip-head polyaxial pedicle screw by reusing the rod in revision and implants removal surgery: introduction of technique and evaluation of clinical outcomes.

Background: The removal of spinal implants is needed in revision surgery or in some cases whose fracture had healed or fusion had occurred. The slip of polyaxial screw or mismatch of instruments would make this simple procedure intractable. Here we introduce a simple and practical method to address this clinical dilemma.

Modified unilateral iliac screw fixation with partial reduction in the treatment of high-grade spondylolisthesis at L5/S1 in adult patients: introduction of key technique, report of clinical outcomes and analysis of spinopelvic parameters.

Background: Management of high-grade spondylolisthesis (HGS) remains challenging. Spinopelvic fixation such as iliac screw (IS) was developed to deal with HGS. However concerns regarding constructs prominence and increased infection-related revision surgery have complicated it's use.

High-performing and stable semiconductor yttrium-doped gadolinium electrolyte for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells.

High-performing electrolytes at low operating temperatures have become an inevitable trend in the development of low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT-SOFCs). Such electrolytes have drawn significant attention due to their appeal for high performance. Herein, we propose a new material by doping Y into GdO for LT-SOFC electrolyte use.

Strontium-Cobaltite-Based Perovskite (SrCoO) for Solar-Driven Interfacial Evaporation Systems for Clean Water Generation.

Solar-driven evaporation technology is often used in areas with limited access to clean water, as it provides a low-cost and sustainable method of water purification. Avoiding salt accumulation is still a substantial challenge for continuous desalination. Here, an efficient solar-driven water harvester that consists of strontium-cobaltite-based perovskite (SrCoO) anchored on nickel foam (SrCoO@NF) is reported.

Interfacial Photothermal Heat Accumulation for Simultaneous Salt Rejection and Freshwater Generation; an Efficient Solar Energy Harvester.

Water scarcity has emerged as an intense global threat to humanity and needs prompt attention from the scientific community. Solar-driven interfacial evaporation and seawater desalination are promising strategies to resolve the primitive water shortage issue using renewable resources. However, the fragile solar thermal devices, complex fabricating techniques, and high cost greatly hinder extensive solar energy utilization in remote locations.

A-site deficient semiconductor electrolyte Sr Co FeO for low-temperature (450-550 °C) solid oxide fuel cells.

Fast ionic conduction at low operating temperatures is a key factor for the high electrochemical performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Here an A-site deficient semiconductor electrolyte Sr Co FeO is proposed for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT-SOFCs). A fuel cell with a structure of Ni/NCAL-SrCoFeO -NCAL/Ni reached a promising performance of 771 mW cm at 550 °C.

Tunable magneto-optical and interfacial defects of Nd and Cr-doped bismuth ferrite nanoparticles for microwave absorber applications.

Tunable microwave absorption characteristics are highly desirable for industrial applications such as antenna, absorber, and biomedical diagnostics. Here, we report BiNdCrFeO (x = 0, 0.05, 0.

Self-Assembled Triple (H/O/e) Conducting Nanocomposite of Ba-Co-Ce-Y-O into an Electrolyte for Semiconductor Ionic Fuel Cells.

Triple (H/O/e) conducting oxides (TCOs) have been extensively investigated as the most promising cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) because of their excellent catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and fast proton transport. However, here we report a stable twin-perovskite nanocomposite Ba-Co-Ce-Y-O (BCCY) with triple conducting properties as a conducting accelerator in semiconductor ionic fuel cells (SIFCs) electrolytes. Self-assembled BCCY nanocomposite is prepared through a complexing sol-gel process.

Recent Progress in Semiconductor-Ionic Conductor Nanomaterial as a Membrane for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.

Reducing the operating temperature of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) to 300-600 °C is a great challenge for the development of SOFC. Among the extensive research and development (R&D) efforts that have been done on lowering the operating temperature of SOFCs, nanomaterials have played a critical role in improving ion transportation in electrolytes and facilitating electrochemical catalyzation of the electrodes. This work reviews recent progress in lowering the temperature of SOFCs by using semiconductor-ionic conductor nanomaterial, which is typically a composition of semiconductor and ionic conductor, as a membrane.

An Interface Heterostructure of NiO and CeO for Using Electrolytes of Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.

Interface engineering can be used to tune the properties of heterostructure materials at an atomic level, yielding exceptional final physical properties. In this work, we synthesized a heterostructure of a p-type semiconductor (NiO) and an n-type semiconductor (CeO) for solid oxide fuel cell electrolytes. The CeO-NiO heterostructure exhibited high ionic conductivity of 0.

Nanotechnology Based Green Energy Conversion Devices with Multifunctional Materials at Low Temperatures.

Background: Nanocomposites (integrating the nano and composite technologies) for advanced fuel cells (NANOCOFC) demonstrate the great potential to reduce the operational temperature of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) significantly in the low temperature (LT) range 300-600ºC. NANOCOFC has offered the development of multi-functional materials composed of semiconductor and ionic materials to meet the requirements of low temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LTSOFC) and green energy conversion devices with their unique mechanisms.

Description: This work reviews the recent developments relevant to the devices and the patents in LTSOFCs from nanotechnology perspectives that reports advances including fabrication methods, material compositions, characterization techniques and cell performances.