Population pharmacokinetics and dosing simulations of meropenem in septic critically ill patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection or pneumonia.

Objectives: Meropenem pharmacokinetics (PK) may be altered in septic critically ill patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI) and pneumonia. We aimed to evaluate the covariates affecting meropenem PK and the performance of different dosing regimens to optimize the PK/pharmacodynamic target.

Methods: Population PK analysis was performed using non-linear mixed-effects modeling.

Serum ACTH and Cortisol Level is Associated with the Acute Gastrointestinal Injury Grade in ICU Patients.

Background: The relationship between acute gastrointestinal symptoms and cortisol or adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels has rarely been reported. We hypothesized that the elevation of serum cortisol or ACTH levels may be correlated with the severity of the acute gastrointestinal injury grade (AGI).

Methods: This study was an observational study.

Improving enteral nutrition tolerance and protein intake maybe beneficial to intensive care unit patients.

Enteral nutrition (EN) is important for critically ill patients. This study investigated the current situation of EN treatment in SHANGHAI intensive care units (ICUs). We hypothesized that improving EN practice in SHANGHAI may benefit the prognosis of ICU patients.

Identifying Drug-Induced Liver Injury Associated With Inflammation-Drug and Drug-Drug Interactions in Pharmacologic Treatments for COVID-19 by Bioinformatics and System Biology Analyses: The Role of Pregnane X Receptor.

Of the patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), approximately 14-53% developed liver injury resulting in poor outcomes. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the primary cause of liver injury in COVID-19 patients. In this study, we elucidated liver injury mechanism induced by drugs of pharmacologic treatments against SARS-CoV-2 (DPTS) using bioinformatics and systems biology.

Clinical validation of a multiplex droplet digital PCR for diagnosing suspected bloodstream infections in ICU practice: a promising diagnostic tool.

Background: Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) has emerged as a promising tool of pathogen detection in bloodstream infections (BSIs) in critical care medicine. However, different ddPCR platforms have variable sensitivity and specificity for diverse microorganisms at various infection sites. There is still a lack of prospective clinical studies aimed at validating and interpreting the discrepant ddPCR results for diagnosing BSI in intensive care unit (ICU) practice.

Case Report: Respiratory Management With a 47-Day ECMO Support for a Critical Patient With COVID-19.

This paper reports a complete case of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), who presented with rapid deterioration of oxygenation during hospitalization despite escalating high-flow nasal cannulation to invasive mechanical ventilation. After inefficacy with lung-protective ventilation, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration, prone position, we administered extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a salvage respiratory support with ultra-protective ventilation for 47 days and finally discharged the patient home with a good quality of life with a Barthel Index Score of 100 after 76 days of hospitalization. The purpose of this paper is to provide a clinical reference for the management of ECMO and respiratory strategy of critical patients with COVID-19-related ARDS.

Decision aids for shared decision-making and appropriate anticoagulation therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Underuse of oral anticoagulants (OACs) is commonly observed among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), which hinders stroke prevention in AF. Shared decision-making (SDM) can help enhance adherence by minimizing patients' misunderstanding of treatment and aligning care with their preferences. Decision aids (DAs) have been developed to facilitate the SDM process.

Early Prediction for Persistent Inflammation-Immunosuppression Catabolism Syndrome in Surgical Sepsis Patients.

Objective: To find the predictors for persistent inflammation-immunosuppression catabolism syndrome in ICU surgical septic patients.

Design: Single center observation study.

Participants: Inclusion: 1) patients ≥18, 2) admitted to the ICU after major surgery or transferred to the ICU within 48 hours after the diagnosis of sepsis following the definition of sepsis-3.

Validation and Extrapolation of a Multimodal Infection Prevention and Control Intervention on Carbapenem-Resistant in an Epidemic Region: A Historical Control Quasi-Experimental Study.

To verify the effects of comprehensive infection prevention and control (IPC) interventions for the prevention of the cross-transmission of carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) within intensive care units (ICUs) in an epidemic region. A historical control, quasi-experimental design was performed. The study was conducted between January 2017 and December 2019, following the implementation of a multimodal IPC bundle.

Sleep disturbance mediates the relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.

This study examined whether and to what extent sleep disturbance mediates the effects of depressive symptoms on the cognition of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), who represent a high-risk group for developing dementia. Cross-sectional data were obtained from a sample of 204 Chinese community-dwelling older adults with MCI. MCI subjects were screened using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale.

Association of Increased Circulating Acetic Acid With Poor Survival in Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Patients.

Background: We previously found that microbial disruption in ventilator-associated pneumonia (PA-VAP) patients are long-lasting. Long-term microbial dysbiosis may lead to changes in metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are microbial fermentation products and show beneficial effects in patients with pneumonia.

Association of Changes in Acute Gastrointestinal Injury Grade with Prognosis in Critically Ill Patients: A Prospective, Single-Center, Observational Study.

Purpose: To investigate the association between the change of acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) grade and the outcome in critically ill patients.

Methods: This was a prospectively observational study. All patients admitted in the ICU from October 2013 to June 2015, with the duration of ICU > 72 h and age >18 years, were enrolled in this study.

Expression of costimulatory molecule CD86 in HL-60 cells induced by MG132 and its effect on allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction.

This study was aimed to elucidate the expression of costimulatory molecule CD80 and CD86 in HL-60 cells induced by proteasome inhibitor MG132 and its effect on allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction. Acute myelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 and chronic myelocytic leukemia cell line K562 were cultured. The viability of the cells was measured by flow cytometry.

[Mechanism of HL-60 cells apoptosis induced by proteasome inhibitor MG132].

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the apoptosis, apoptotic pathway of HL-60 cells induced by proteasome inhibitor MG132 and its effect on allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction. Apoptosis of HL-60 cells was detected by flow cytometry, the expression of P21, P27 and P53 proteins in HL-60 cells treated with MG132 was assayed by Western blot. The HL-60 cells were treated with 1 µmol/L MG132 for 48 h, and irradiated by 75 Gy of (60)Co γ-ray, but their antigenicity was preserved.