Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells alleviate premature ovarian failure via blockage of autophagy and AMPK/mTOR pathway.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of adipose-derived stem cell-derived exosome (ADSCs-Exo) in treating premature ovarian failure (POF).

Methods: We constructed a POF mouse model through intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide, followed by the administration of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). Pathological injury, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), estradiol (E2), superoxide dismutase (SOD), granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis, and autophagy were assessed.

Comparative analysis of PacBio and ONT RNA sequencing methods for Nemopilema Nomurai venom identification.

Recent studies on marine organisms have made use of third-generation sequencing technologies such as Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT). While these specialized bioinformatics tools have different algorithmic designs and performance capabilities, they offer scalability and can be applied to various datasets. We investigated the effectiveness of PacBio and ONT RNA sequencing methods in identifying the venom of the jellyfish species Nemopilema nomurai.

Improved adaptive tessellation rendering algorithm.

Background: The human body model in the virtual surgery system is generally nested by multiple complex models and each model has quite complex tangent and curvature change. In actual rendering, if all details of the human body model are rendered with high performance, it may cause the stutter due to insufficient hardware performance. If the human body model is roughly rendered, the details of the model cannot be well represented.

Glutathione and selenium nanoparticles have a synergistic protective effect during cryopreservation of bull semen.

Introduction: In the present study, the synergistic protective effect of co-supplementation of glutathione (GSH) with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on the cryopreservation efficiency of bull semen was analyzed.

Methods: After collection, the ejaculates of Holstein bulls were subsequently diluted with a Tris extender buffer supplemented with different concentrations of SeNPs (0, 1, 2, and 4 μg/ml), followed by semen equilibration at 4°C and assessment of sperm viability and motility. Subsequently, the ejaculates of Holstein bulls were pooled, split into four equal groups, and diluted with a Tris extender buffer supplemented with basic extender (negative control group, NC group), 2 μg/ml SeNPs (SeNPs group), 4 mM GSH (GSH group), and 4 mM GSH plus 2 μg/ml SeNPs (GSH + SeNPs group).

The Impact of Fintech Development on Air Pollution.

Over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, China has achieved rapid economic and technological growth at the cost of severe air pollution. The emerging Fintech, as the result of financial institutions' adapting to the latest digital technology, might be a solution to reduce air pollution. This paper investigates the impact of Fintech development on air pollution using a two-factor fixed effects model based on data for prefecture-level cities in China from 2011 to 2017.

Glutathione ameliorates the meiotic defects of copper exposed ovine oocytes via inhibiting the mitochondrial dysfunctions.

Regardless of the essential role of copper (Cu) in the physiological regulation process of mammalian reproduction, excessive exposure to Cu triggers the meiotic defects of porcine oocytes via compromising the mitochondrial functions. However, the connections between the excessive Cu exposure and meiotic defects of ovine oocytes have not been reported. In this study, the effect of copper sulfate (CuSO) exposure on the meiotic potentials of ovine oocytes was analyzed.

The Anti-Tumor Efficacy of Verbascoside on Ovarian Cancer Facilitating CCN1-AKT/NF-κB Pathway-Mediated M1 Macrophage Polarization.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related mortality. Verbascoside (VB) is a phenylpropanoid glycoside from Chinese herbs, with anti-tumour activities. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of VB on OC.

Differentially expressed microRNAs during the differentiation of muscle-derived stem cells into insulin-producing cells, a promoting role of microRNA-708-5p/STK4 axis.

Objective: Stem cell therapy is a promising approach for diabetes via promoting the differentiation of insulin-producing cells (IPCs). This study aimed to screen the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) during the differentiation of muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) into IPCs, and uncover the underlying function and mechanism of a specific DEmiRNA, miR-708-5p.

Methods: MDSCs were successfully isolated from the leg muscle of rats, and were induced for IPCs differentiation through a five-stage protocol.

Glutathione protects against the meiotic defects of ovine oocytes induced by arsenic exposure via the inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunctions.

Accumulating evidences revealed the connections between arsenic exposure and mitochondrial dysfunctions induced reproductive toxicology. Meanwhile, production declines were found in livestock suffering from arsenic exposure. However, the connections between arsenic exposure and livestock meiotic defects remain unclear.

Alterations in mitochondrial function and energy metabolism-related properties in thyroid cancer stem cells.

Increasing evidence indicates that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are initiators of the occurrence, development, and recurrence of malignant tumors. Mitochondria are important organelles in eukaryotic cells, not only responsible for converting part of energy released during nutrients oxidation into the energy-yielding molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to fuel the activities of cell, but also play essential roles in processes such as cell apoptosis and cellular proliferation. The mitochondrial-related abnormalities have also been considered to have an important role in the origin and development of tumors.

WGBS combined with RNA-seq analysis revealed that Dnmt1 affects the methylation modification and gene expression changes during mouse oocyte vitrification.

Understanding the molecular level changes of oocyte cryopreservation and the subsequent warming process is essential for improving the oocyte cryopreservation technologies. Here, we collected the mature metaphase II (MII) oocytes from mice and vitrified. After thawing, single-cell whole-genome bisulphite sequencing (scWGBS) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) were used to investigate the molecular attributes of this process.

Preparation and Antioxidant Activity of Chitosan Dimers with Different Sequences.

As a popular marine saccharide, chitooligosaccharides (COS) has been proven to have good antioxidant activity. Its antioxidant effect is closely related to its degree of polymerization, degree of acetylation and sequence. However, the specific structure-activity relationship remains unclear.

C-coordinated O-carboxymethyl chitosan Cu(II) complex exerts antifungal activity by disrupting the cell membrane integrity of Phytophthora capsici Leonian.

Damage to the cell membrane is an effective method to prevent drug resistance in plant fungal diseases. Here, we proposed a negative remodeling model of the cell membrane structure induced by the C-coordinated O-carboxymethyl chitosan Cu (II) complex (O-CSLn-Cu). FITC-labeled O-CSLn-Cu (FITC-O-CSLn-Cu) was first synthesized via a nucleophilic substitution reaction and confirmed by FT-IR.

Effects of a commercially formulated glyphosate solutions at recommended concentrations on honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) behaviours.

Glyphosate, the active ingredient of the most widely used commercial herbicide formulation, is extensively used and produced in China. Previous studies have reported sublethal effects of glyphosate on honeybees. However, the effects of commercially formulated glyphosate (CFG) at the recommended concentration (RC) on the chronic toxicity of honeybees, especially on their behaviours, remain unknown.

Ameliorative effect of recombinant human lactoferrin on the premature ovarian failure in rats after cyclophosphamide treatments.

This study investigated the effect of recombinant human lactoferrin (rhLF) on the premature ovarian failure (POF) of rats. After cyclophosphamide treatments, the POF rats were divided into the following groups: normal control group (NC), low-dose group (LD), medium-dose group (MD) and high-dose group (HD) of rhLF. After drug administrations, the ovarian indexes and hormonal levels were detected.

Phycocyanin Improves Reproductive Ability in Obese Female Mice by Restoring Ovary and Oocyte Quality.

Reproductive dysfunction associated with obesity is increasing among women of childbearing age. Emerging evidence indicates that maternal obesity impairs embryo development and offspring health, and these defects are linked to oxidative stress in the ovary and in oocytes. Phycocyanin (PC) is a biliprotein from that possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and radical-scavenging properties.

DOSIMETRY WITH THE ABILITY TO DISTINGUISH PULSED AND NON-PULSED DOSE CONTRIBUTIONS.

The concept of an active dosimetry system for pulsed radiation dose rate measurements is presented. Real-time distinction of pulsed and non-pulsed radiation contributions is based on the time structure of a single interaction. A fast tissue equivalent plastic scintillator is exploited to minimize the pile-up effect influence on absorbed energy measurements.

Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis reveals the antifungal mechanism of the C-coordinated O-carboxymethyl chitosan Cu(II) complex.

With wide application in agriculture, copper fungicides have undergone three stages of development: inorganic copper, synthetic organic copper, and natural organic copper. Using chitin/chitosan (CS) as a substrate, the natural organic copper fungicide C-coordinated O-carboxymethyl chitosan Cu(II) complex (O-CSLn-Cu) was developed in the laboratory. Taking Phytophthora capsici Leonian as an example, we explored the antifungal mechanism of O-CSLn-Cu by combining tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomics with non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics.

Loss of CENPF leads to developmental failure in mouse embryos.

Aneuploidy caused by abnormal chromosome segregation during early embryo development leads to embryonic death or congenital malformation. Centromere protein F (CENPF) is a member of centromere protein family that regulates chromosome segregation during mitosis. However, its necessity in early embryo development has not been fully investigated.

Sodium nitrite negatively affects reproductive ability and offspring survival in female mice.

Sodium nitrite (NaNO) is an industrial chemical that is frequently used as a food additive to prevent botulism and enhance glossiness, such as curing meat. In addition, in some regions, water source NaNO concentrations exceed standard regulatory levels. Whether the excessive intake of NaNO has toxic effects on female fertility and fetal development remain unknown.

Ginger for health care: An overview of systematic reviews.

Objectives: To summarize the evidence from systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses that evaluated the efficacy of ginger in treating any conditions and critically assess the quality of these evidence.

Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted from inception until February 28, 2019 using the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science, Cochrane library, and four Chinese databases. Literature selection and data extraction were conducted by two independent reviewers.

Decellularized breast matrix as bioactive microenvironment for in vitro three-dimensional cancer culture.

Breast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in women with unsatisfactory survival rates. Advances in the understanding of the genetic basis of BC provide the opportunity to develop gene-based medicines capable of treating metastatic diseases. Here, we first demonstrated efficient tissue engineering approaches applied to normal breast and BC extracellular matrix (ECM) starting from decellularized human biopsies to generate a three-dimensional (3D) bioactive model with the sodium lauryl ether sulfate solution.