Epigenetic modification and tumor immunity: Unraveling the interplay with the tumor microenvironment and its therapeutic vulnerability and implications.

In the ever-evolving arena of molecular biology, epigenetic modifications stand out as crucial determinants in the orchestration of cellular identity, function, and fate. This review analyzes the close relationship between epigenetics and tumor immunity, emphasizing the intricate interplay with the tumor microenvironment (TME). Rooted in the knowledge that the incidence of cancer correlates strongly with the biological and genetic age, we highlight DNA methylation as a cornerstone of the "epigenetic aging" process with close ties to tumorigenesis.

Advanced insights on tumor-associated macrophages revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing: The intratumor heterogeneity, functional phenotypes, and cellular interactions.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is an emerging technology used for cellular transcriptome analysis. The application of scRNA-seq has led to profoundly advanced oncology research, continuously optimizing novel therapeutic strategies. Intratumor heterogeneity extensively consists of all tumor components, contributing to different tumor behaviors and treatment responses.

Modulating ferroptosis sensitivity: environmental and cellular targets within the tumor microenvironment.

Ferroptosis, a novel form of cell death triggered by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation, presents significant therapeutic potential across diverse cancer types. Central to cellular metabolism, the metabolic pathways associated with ferroptosis are discernible in both cancerous and immune cells. This review begins by delving into the intricate reciprocal regulation of ferroptosis between cancer and immune cells.

Local resection for solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas shows improved postoperative gastrointestinal function and reduced mental stress: a multiquestionnaire survey from a large cohort.

Background: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas is a rare, low-grade malignant pancreatic tumor with a highly favorable prognosis. Most SPN patients are young and middle-aged women. The main controversial topic for SPN is local resection (LR) versus radical resection (RR).

Adoptive cellular immunotherapy for solid neoplasms beyond CAR-T.

In recent decades, immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy are two milestone achievements in clinical immunotherapy. However, both show limited efficacies in most solid neoplasms, which necessitates the exploration of new immunotherapeutic modalities. The failure of CAR-T and immune checkpoint blockade in several solid neoplasms is attributed to multiple factors, including low antigenicity of tumor cells, low infiltration of effector T cells, and diverse mechanisms of immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment.

Comprehensive analysis of mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs): A SEER database analysis of 767 cases.

Background: Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN) is an extremely rare entity, consisting of neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine components. It can occur in various organs throughout the body, with a rising incidence. Its clinical management is a rapidly growing field of interest; however, large-scale patient cohorts are still missing to guide clinical practice.

GREM1 is a novel serum diagnostic marker and potential therapeutic target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Objective: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant neoplasm with rising incidence worldwide. Gremlin 1 (GREM1), a regulator of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, fine-tunes extensive biological processes, including organ morphology, cellular metabolism, and multiple pathological developments. The roles of GREM1 in PDAC remain unknown.

Correction to: Predictive biomarkers and mechanisms underlying resistance to PD1/PD-L1 blockade cancer immunotherapy.

After publication of the article [1], authors found out that Fig. 1 was inadvertently replaced.

Predictive biomarkers and mechanisms underlying resistance to PD1/PD-L1 blockade cancer immunotherapy.

Immune checkpoint blockade targeting PD-1/PD-L1 has promising therapeutic efficacy in a variety of tumors, but resistance during treatment is a major issue. In this review, we describe the utility of PD-L1 expression levels, mutation burden, immune cell infiltration, and immune cell function for predicting the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy. Furthermore, we explore the mechanisms underlying immunotherapy resistance caused by PD-L1 expression on tumor cells, T cell dysfunction, and T cell exhaustion.