Prognostic Role of Preoperative Chemotherapy in Liver-Limited Metastasis from Gastric Cancer.

Background: We investigated the prognostic role of preoperative chemotherapy in patients who underwent hepatectomy for liver-limited metastasis (LLM) from gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted for 52 consecutive patients who underwent macroscopically complete (R0 or R1) resection for synchronous or metachronous LLM from GC.

Results: Of the 52 patients, 18 (35%) received preoperative chemotherapy (PC group), while 34 (65%) underwent upfront surgery (US group).

Profiling of host genetic alterations and intra-tumor microbiomes in colorectal cancer.

Some bacteria are symbiotic in tumor tissues, and metabolites of several bacterial species have been found to cause DNA damage. However, to date, the association between bacteria and host genetic alterations in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been fully investigated. We evaluated the association between the intra-tumor microbiome and host genetic alterations in 29 Japanese CRC patients.

NQO1 as a Marker of Chemosensitivity and Prognosis for Colorectal Liver Metastasis.

Background/aim: This study aimed to evaluate how NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) affects survival after hepatectomy in patients with colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 88 consecutive patients who underwent hepatectomy for CRLM. Of the 88 patients, preoperative chemotherapy was administered to 30 patients.

[A Case of Umbilical Metastasis from Pancreatic Cancer after Surgery].

The patient was a 63-year-old woman with diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Abdominal CT showed pancreatic head tumor and paraaortic lymph node metastasis. We performed chemotherapy with nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine.

[Long-Term Survival after Surgery with Postoperative Chemotherapy for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma with Residual Invasive Carcinoma at Ductal Resection Margins-A Case Report].

A 64-year-old man with liver dysfunction was given a diagnosis of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(Bismuth type Ⅳ). The tumor was predominantly right-sided and invaded to the bifurcation of the right and left portal veins. After confirming sufficient liver functional reserve and future liver remnant, the patient underwent extended right hepatectomy, extrahepatic bile duct resection, and portal vein resection and reconstruction.

Activin a Receptor Type 2A Mutation Affects the Tumor Biology of Microsatellite Instability-High Gastric Cancer.

Background: Activin A receptor type 2A (ACVR2A) is one of the most frequently mutated genes in microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) gastric cancer. However, the clinical relevance of the ACVR2A mutation in MSI-H gastric cancer patients remains unclear. The aims of this study were to explore the effect of ACVR2A mutation on the tumor behavior and to identify the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer patients with ACVR2A mutations.

Outcome of radical surgery for gallbladder carcinoma according to TNM stage: implications for adjuvant therapeutic strategies.

Purpose: Outcomes following surgery for advanced gallbladder carcinoma remain unsatisfactory. This study aimed to determine the surgical outcome and effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy according to TNM stage in patients with gallbladder carcinoma.

Methods: A total of 200 patients undergoing surgery for gallbladder carcinoma were enrolled.

A giant pelvic solitary fibrous tumor with Doege-Potter syndrome successfully treated with transcatheter arterial embolization followed by surgical resection: a case report.

Background: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT), a mesenchymal fibroblastic tumor with a hypervascular nature, rarely develops in the pelvis. Resection of a giant SFT occupying the pelvic cavity poses an increased risk of developing massive hemorrhage during resection, although surgical resection is the most effective treatment method for this tumor to achieve a potential cure. SFT rarely develops with Doege-Potter syndrome, which is known as a paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH) secondary to SFT that secretes insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II).

Clinicopathological Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes of Primary Cystic Duct Carcinoma: A Multi-institutional Study.

Background: The role of surgery in the management of primary cystic duct carcinoma (CDC) remains unclear especially in advanced disease. This study aimed to evaluate long-term outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for primary CDC.

Methods: From a multi-institutional database, we identified 41 patients who underwent surgery for primary CDC, defined as a part of gallbladder carcinoma with the tumor centre located in the cystic duct.

Inguinal Herniation After Living Donor Kidney Transplantation: A Case Report.

A 68-year-old male patient received a living donor kidney transplantation 8 years earlier for end-stage kidney disease secondary to IgA nephropathy. His post-transplantation follow-up had been routinely performed with laboratory examinations, ultrasound, and computed tomography (CT). His kidney graft function had been excellent and stable, as shown by a baseline serum creatinine level of 1.

Long-term outcomes of surgical resection for T1b gallbladder cancer: an institutional evaluation.

Background: There is no comprehensive agreement concerning the overall performance of radical resection for T1b gallbladder cancer (GBC). This research focused on addressing whether T1b GBC may spread loco-regionally and whether radical resection is necessary.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 1032 patients with GBC who underwent surgical resection at our centre and its affiliated institutions between January 1982 and December 2018.

Early-stage T1b adenocarcinoma arising in the remnant cystic duct after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a case report and literature review.

Background: The cystic duct has been included in the staging classification scheme for gallbladder cancer since the 2010 publication of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual (7th edition). To our knowledge, only seven other cases of adenocarcinoma arising in the remnant cystic duct following cholecystectomy have been reported in the English-language literature, and none has been reported as primary early-stage T1b remnant cystic duct cancer (CDC). We report, herein, a case of primary adenocarcinoma arising in the remnant cystic duct in a patient with history of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstone disease.

Lymphatic spread of T2 gallbladder carcinoma: Regional lymphadenectomy is required independent of tumor location.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and distribution of regional lymph node metastasis according to tumor location, and to clarify whether tumor location could determine the extent of regional lymphadenectomy in patients with pathological T2 (pT2) gallbladder carcinoma.

Methods: In total, 81 patients with pT2 gallbladder carcinoma (25 with pT2a tumors and 56 with pT2b tumors) who underwent radical resection were enrolled. Tumor location was determined histologically in each gallbladder specimen.

[Surgical Resection after Transarterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Bile Duct Tumor Thrombus-Report of a Long-Term Survivor].

A 78-year-old woman with jaundice was referred to our hospital. On admission, serological testing for viral hepatitis was negative and serum levels of AFP and PIVKA-Ⅱ were elevated(925 ng/mL and 6,820 mAU/mL, respectively). Computed tomography revealed a main tumor measuring 3 cm in size at segment 1 of the liver and bile duct tumor thrombus extending to the right hepatic duct.

[A Case of Long-Term Survival after Reoperation for Neck Lymph Node Metastasis Occurring Seven Years after Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma].

A 59-year-old woman with pancreatic cancer underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. The tumor was histologically diagnosed as a well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma with a small amount of mucinous component. After resection, the patient underwent hepatic perfusion therapy using 5-FU and gemcitabine chemotherapy for 1 year.

[Surgical Resection for Peritoneal Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma-A Report of Three Cases].

Peritoneal metastasis is relatively rare in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). No consensus has been reached regarding the treatment of this type of metastasis. Herein, we report 3 patients who underwent resection of peritoneal metastasis due to HCC.

[Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Recurrent Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma].

A 56-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with complaints of appetite loss and abdominal distension. Enhanced abdominal computed tomography revealed a giant retroperitoneal tumor. We performed en bloc tumor resection.

Different Roles of Sphingosine Kinase 1 and 2 in Pancreatic Cancer Progression.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is a disease with poor prognosis, and development of new treatments is necessary. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid mediator produced by sphingosine kinases (SphK1 and SphK2), plays a critical role in progression of many types of cancer. However, little is known about the role of sphingosine kinases in pancreatic cancer.

Long-term Follow-up of Laparoscope-Assisted Living Donor Hepatectomy.

Background: We have introduced and performed laparoscope-assisted surgery in living donor hepatectomy. The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term results of laparoscope-assisted living donor hepatectomy.

Methods: From 2006 to 2016, laparoscope-assisted living donor hepatectomy was performed in 11 patients (laparoscopic group), and conventional open living donor hepatectomy was performed in 40 patients (conventional group).

Upregulation of phosphorylated sphingosine kinase 1 expression in colitis-associated cancer.

Background: Colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is the most serious complication of inflammatory bowel disease. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid mediator that is generated by sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and is known to play an important role in inflammation and cancer progression. Moreover, SphK1 and S1P act as upstream mediators of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6) and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3).

Common driver mutations and smoking history affect tumor mutation burden in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Recent progress in genomic analysis using next-generation sequencing technology has enabled the comprehensive detection of mutations and tumor mutation burden (TMB) in patients. A high TMB (TMB-H) tumor is defined as one with high somatic mutational rates, which correlates with clinical responses to certain treatments such as immunotherapies. We determined TMB in lung adenocarcinoma and clarified the characteristics of patients with TMB-H in relation to common driver mutations and smoking history.