Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma derived sEV-PDL1 exhausts CD8T cells to promote immunosuppression.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignancy. Programmed death ligand 1 of small extracellular vesicles (sEV-PDL1) induce immune evasion and enhance tumor progression. However, the role of ESCC derived sEV-PDL1 in modulating CD8T cell remains unclear.

CsLAC4, regulated by CsmiR397a, confers drought tolerance to the tea plant by enhancing lignin biosynthesis.

Drought is a prevalent abiotic stress that commonly affects the quality and yield of tea. Although numerous studies have shown that lignin accumulation holds significant importance in conferring drought tolerance to tea plants, the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms governing the tea plant's response to drought remain largely elusive. LACCASEs (LACs), which belong to the class of plant copper-containing polyphenol oxidases, have been widely reported to participate in lignin biosynthesis in plants and are implicated in numerous plant life processes, especially in the context of adverse conditions.

MultiThal-classifier, a machine learning-based multi-class model for thalassemia diagnosis and classification.

Background: The differential diagnosis between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and thalassemia trait (TT) remains a significant clinical challenge. This study aimed to develop a machine learning-based multi-class model to differentiate among Microcytic-TT(TT with low mean corpuscular volume), Normocytic-TT (TT with normal mean corpuscular volume), IDA, and healthy individuals.

Methods: A comprehensive dataset comprising 1,819 individuals was analyzed using six distinct machine learning algorithms.

The - module regulates lignin biosynthesis to balance the tenderness and gray blight resistance in young tea shoots.

Lignin accumulation can enhance the disease resistance of young tea shoots (). It also greatly reduces their tenderness, which indirectly affects the quality and yield of tea. Therefore, the regulation of lignin biosynthesis appears to be an effective way to balance tenderness and disease resistance in young tea shoots.

Distinguishing optimal candidates for primary tumor resection in patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma: A predictive model based on propensity score matching.

Background: Primary tumor resection is associated with survival benefits in patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma (mLUAD). However, there are no established methods to determine which individuals would benefit from surgery. Therefore, we developed a model to predict the patients who are likely to benefit from surgery in terms of survival.

Electrochemical filtration for drinking water purification: A review on membrane materials, mechanisms and roles.

Electrochemical filtration can not only enrich low concentrations of pollutants but also produce reactive oxygen species to interact with toxic pollutants with the assistance of a power supply, making it an effective strategy for drinking water purification. In addition, the application of electrochemical filtration facilitates the reduction of pretreatment procedures and the use of chemicals, which has outstanding potential for maximizing process simplicity and reducing operating costs, enabling the production of safe drinking water in smaller installations. In recent years, the research on electrochemical filtration has gradually increased, but there has been a lack of attention on its application in the removal of low concentrations of pollutants from low conductivity water.

Identification and Functional Assessment of Eight Allelic Variants Detected in the Chinese Han Population.

Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), a key enzyme, is pivotal in metabolizing approximately half of the drugs used clinically. The genetic polymorphism of the gene significantly influences individual variations in drug metabolism, potentially leading to severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs). In this study, we conducted a genetic analysis on gene in 1163 Chinese Han individuals to identify the genetic variations that might affect their drug metabolism capabilities.

Esophageal cancer cell-derived small extracellular vesicles decrease circulating Tfh/Tfr via sEV-PDL1 to promote immunosuppression.

Esophageal cancer (EC) is a deadly malignancy. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) with programmed death ligand 1 (sEV-PDL1) induce immune escape to promote tumor progression. Furthermore, the imbalance between circulating follicular helper T (Tfh) and circulating follicular regulatory T (Tfr) cells is related to the progression of many malignant tumors.

Characterization of 15 CYP2J2 variants identified in the Chinese Han population on the metabolism of ebastine and terfenadine .

Genetic polymorphism of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene can significantly influence the metabolism of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. However, few studies have focused on the polymorphism of and its impact on drug catalytic activity, especially in the Chinese Han population. In this study, we sequenced the promoter and exon regions of in 1,163 unrelated healthy Chinese Han individuals using the multiplex PCR amplicon sequencing method.

Identification and functional assessment of 10 CYP2C9 variants found in Chinese Han subjects.

Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) participates in about 15% of clinical drug metabolism, and its polymorphism is associated with individual drug metabolism differences, which may lead to the adverse drug reactions (ADRs). In this study, 1163 Chinese Han individuals were recruited to investigate their distribution pattern of gene and find out the variants that may affect their drug metabolic activities. We successfully developed a multiplex PCR amplicon sequencing method and used it for the genetic screening of in a large scale.

Polymorphic mutations in the polb gene promoter and their impact on transcriptional activity.

Background: DNA polymerase β is one of the key enzymes involved in DNA damage repair and its proper expression is strictly controlled within different cells. We previously reported that three genetic mutations in the promoter region of the polb gene are prevalent in the Chinese Han population and two types of mutation are associated with thymic hyperplasia. The purpose of this study was to explore whether other mutated sites exist within the promoter region of the polb gene.

Revisiting chemoresistance in ovarian cancer: Mechanism, biomarkers, and precision medicine.

Among the gynecological cancers, ovarian cancer is the most lethal. Its therapeutic options include a combination of chemotherapy with platinum-based compounds and cytoreductive surgery. Most ovarian cancer patients exhibit an initial response to platinum-based therapy, however, platinum resistance has led to up to 80% of this responsive cohort becoming refractory.

Oncogenic LncRNA CASC9 in Cancer Progression.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), with the length of over 200 nucleotides, that originate from intergenic, antisense, or promoter-proximal regions, are a large family of RNAs that lack coding capacity. Emerging evidences illustrated that LncRNAs played significant roles in a variety of cellular functions and biological processes in profuse human diseases, especially in cancers. Cancer susceptibility candidate 9 (CASC9), as a member of the LncRNAs group, firstly found its oncogenic function in esophageal cancer.

CDKN2B-AS1: An Indispensable Long Non-coding RNA in Multiple Diseases.

Background: In view of the roles of long non-coding RNA CDKN2B antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2BAS1) in various human diseases, we investigated the function of CDKN2B-AS1 and explored its therapeutic and prognostic target value in multiple biological processes. The aim of this review was to explore the molecular mechanism and clinical significance of CDKN2B-AS1 in various types of diseases.

Materials And Methods: In this review, the biological functions and mechanisms of lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1 in a variety of pathophysiological processes were summarized and analyzed.

Pathophysiological Functions of the lncRNA TUG1.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with little or no coding capacity are associated with a plethora of cellular functions, participating in various biological processes. Cumulative study of lncRNA provides explanations to the physiological and pathological processes and new perspectives to the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of some clinical diseases. Long non-coding RNA taurine-upregulated gene 1(TUG1) is one of the first identified lncRNAs associated with human disease, which actively involved in various physiological processes, including regulating genes at epigenetics, transcription, post-transcription, translation, and posttranslation.

The over-expression of a chrysanthemum gene encoding an RNA polymerase II CTD phosphatase-like 1 enzyme enhances tolerance to heat stress.

The enzyme RNAPII CTD phosphatase-like 1 is known as a transcriptional regulator of the plant response to various abiotic stresses. Here, the isolation of , a chrysanthemum () gene encoding this enzyme is described. Its predicted 955 residue gene product includes the FCPH catalytic domain, two double-stranded RNA binding motifs, and a nuclear localization signal.

Retraction note to: Lentivirus-Mediated Short-Hairpin RNA Targeting Protein Phosphatase 4 Regulatory Subunit 1 Inhibits Growth in Breast Cancer.

[This retracts the article on p. 218 in vol. 18, PMID: 26472971.

Erratum: Lentivirus-Mediated Short-Hairpin RNA Targeting Protein Phosphatase 4 Regulatory Subunit 1 Inhibits Growth in Breast Cancer.

[This corrects the article on p. 218 in vol. 18, PMID: 26472971.

Lentivirus-Mediated Short-Hairpin RNA Targeting Protein Phosphatase 4 Regulatory Subunit 1 Inhibits Growth in Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 1 (PP4R1), as an interaction partner of the catalytic serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit has been shown to involve in cellular processes and nuclear factor κB signaling. However, the functions of PP4R1 in human breast cancers remain unclear. This study is designed to explore the effect of PP4R1 knockdown on the biological characteristics of breast cancer cells.