A self-training interpretable cell type annotation framework using specific marker gene.

Motivation: Recent advances in sequencing technology provide opportunities to study biological processes at a higher resolution. Cell type annotation is an important step in scRNA-seq analysis, which often relies on established marker genes. However, most of the previous methods divide the identification of cell types into two stages, clustering and assignment, whose performances are susceptible to the clustering algorithm, and the marker information cannot effectively guide the clustering process.

Comprehensive single-cell RNA-seq analysis using deep interpretable generative modeling guided by biological hierarchy knowledge.

Recent advances in microfluidics and sequencing technologies allow researchers to explore cellular heterogeneity at single-cell resolution. In recent years, deep learning frameworks, such as generative models, have brought great changes to the analysis of transcriptomic data. Nevertheless, relying on the potential space of these generative models alone is insufficient to generate biological explanations.

A Drug Combination Prediction Framework Based on Graph Convolutional Network and Heterogeneous Information.

Combination therapy, which can improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects, plays an important role in the treatment of complex diseases. Yet, a large number of possible combinations among candidate compounds limits our ability to identify effective combinations. Though many studies have focused on predicting potential drug combinations, the existing methods are not entirely satisfactory in terms of performance and scalability.

Differences in self-care knowledge, self-efficacy, psychological distress and self-management between patients with early- and end-stage chronic kidney disease.

Aims: The study compares the differences in self-care knowledge, self-efficacy, psychological distress and self-management between patients with early- and end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD), and predicts the influential factors of self-management.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: A total of 185 subjects by using convenience sampling from one teaching hospital were collected.

A Newly Established Severity Scoring System in Predicting the Prognosis of Patients with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by novel Bunyavirus. Due to the peculiarity of SFTS, accurate assessment is difficult to achieve with the current score systems. This study aimed to establish a new severity scoring system in predicting the prognosis of patients with SFTS.

Rosiglitazone elevates sensitization of drug-resistant oral epidermoid carcinoma cells to vincristine by G2/M-phase arrest, independent of PPAR-γ pathway.

Rosiglitazone (ROSI), an oral antidiabetic agent, has been reported the anti-cancer properties recent years. In this paper, the potency of ROSI as a synergistic drug for vincristine (VCR) on resistant oral cancer cells was investigated. We found that ROSI potently enhanced the susceptibility of KB cells or KB/V cells to VCR in a dose manner and the synergy in KB/V cells was much more prominent than that in KB cells.

1118-20, an indazole diarylurea compound, inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 proliferation and tumour angiogenesis involving Wnt/β-catenin pathway and receptor tyrosine kinases.

Objectives: Sorafenib is a first multi-kinase inhibitor and one of the most widely used small-molecule oral-targeted drugs. It has been widely used for the treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, some common adverse effects of sorafenib may impact quality of life.

Heterozygous deletion of ATG5 in Apc(Min/+) mice promotes intestinal adenoma growth and enhances the antitumor efficacy of interferon-gamma.

Autophagy related gene 5 (ATG5) was lost in 23% of the patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and the role of loss of ATG5 in the pathogenesis of CRC remains unclear. Knockdown of ATG5 in cancer cells enhances the antitumor efficacy of lots of chemotherapeutic agents. However, there is still no animal model to validate these in vitro observations in vivo.

A novel anticancer diarylurea derivative HL-40 as a multi-kinases inhibitor with good pharmacokinetics in Wistar rats.

HL-40, N-(4-(1-(4-chlorine indazole)) phenyl)-N-(4-chloro-3-three fluorine methyl phenyl) urea, is a novel diarylurea derivative. In this study, we investigated the kinases activities and binding constants, pharmacokinetics of HL-40, and then evaluated its anticancer efficacy by both in vitro and in vivo methods. Enzyme activities assays in vitro were employed to identify eight candidate kinase targets.

The impact of pain on the quality of life of Taiwanese oncology patients.

This study explored the relationship between participants' pain experience and quality of life (QOL). One hundred nine patients aged 18 years and older who had taken prescribed opioid analgesics for cancer-related pain at a teaching hospital in Taipei, Taiwan, completed the Brief Pain Inventory and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Group Questionnaire. The results indicated that participants in this study had experienced a mean functional QOL of 55.

Concerns about pain and prescribed opioids in Taiwanese oncology outpatients.

Pharmacologic agents are considered to be a cornerstone of cancer pain management. Patients' concerns about use of analgesics are likely to lead to poor pain management. The purpose of this study was to describe participants' responses to their beliefs regarding pain and prescribed opioids.

SL1122-37, a novel derivative of sorafenib, has greater effects than sorafenib on the inhibition of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth and prevention of angiogenesis.

SL1122-37 is a novel derivative of sorafenib that was characterized by introducing trifluoromethyl on the 4-position of indazole. We aimed to evaluate the effects of SL1122- 37 on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth and on umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) angiogenesis. Its efficacy and mechanisms were compared with sorafenib.

Efficacy of warm showers on labor pain and birth experiences during the first labor stage.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of warm showers on parturition pain and the birth experiences of women during the first stage of labor.

Design: Randomized controlled trial (RCT).

Setting/participants: The study was conducted from July 10, 2010 to January 12, 2011 in the maternity ward of a Taipei City regional teaching hospital, site of approximately 220 to 250 births per month.