Understanding the Roles of Non-coding RNAs and Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Diabetic Nephropathy.

One of the greatest serious side effects of diabetes is diabetic nephropathy (DN), which is also the key factor in the sometimes-deadly diabetic end-stage renal disease. Progressive renal interstitial fibrosis is closely associated with oxidative stress, and the extracellular matrix is typically a feature of DN. Some RNAs formed by genome transcription that are not translated into proteins are recognized as noncoding RNAs.

Anti-rheumatoid arthritis potential of different fractions derived from of .

Maxim () is a Chinese folk medication commonly used to treat arthritis and joint pain. Literatures have reported that has significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. The aim of this research was to assay the effective fractions of (EFCL) against rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to elucidate its anti-RA mechanism on a preliminary basis.

[Two new prenylated 2-arylbenzofurans from roots of Artocarpus heterophyllus and their anti-respiratory burst activities].

Two prenylated 2-arylbenzofurans were isolated from roots of Artocarpus heterophyllus, with a combination of various chromatographic approaches, including ODS, MCI, Sephadex LH-20, and semipreparative high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). They were identified as 5-[6-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5,7-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)benzofuran-2-yl]-1,3-benzenediol(1) and 5-[2H,9H-2,2,9,9-tetramethyl-furo[2,3-f]pyrano[2,3-h][1]benzopyran-6-yl]-1,3-benzenediol(2) with spectroscopic methods, such as HR-ESI-MS, IR, 1D NMR, and 2D NMR, and named artoheterins B(1) and C(2), respectively. The anti-respiratory burst activities of the two compounds were evaluated with rat polymorphonuclear neutrophils(PMNs) stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate(PMA).

Highland barley Monascus purpureus Went extract ameliorates high-fat, high-fructose, high-cholesterol diet induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating lipid metabolism in golden hamsters.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hepatocyte lipid accumulation is the main feature in the early stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Highland barley Monascus purpureus Went (HBMPW), a fermentation product of Hordeum vulgare Linn. var.

[Pueraria lobate advances in molecular pharmacognosy].

Molecular pharmacognosy is a science of classification and identification, cultivation and protection, and production of active ingredients of graduated drugs at the molecular level. The proposal of molecular pharmacognosy allows the research of crude drugs to advance from the microscopic level to the genetic level. Pueraria lobata root, as a medicinal and edible plant, has high application value and economic value.

Components study on antitussive effect and holistic mechanism of Platycodonis Radix based on spectrum-effect relationship and metabonomics analysis.

The antitussive effect of Platycodonis Radix is closely related to the components in saponins fraction of Platycodonis Radix extract (SFPRE); however, these active components and their holistic mechanism remain unknown. Hence, a new method by integrating spectrum-effect relationship analysis with metabolomics analysis was applied to study the active components and their holistic mechanism simultaneously. For spectrum-effect relationship analysis, chemical fingerprints of ten batches of SFPRE were developed using UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS; antitussive effect were evaluated using a classic mice-cough model induced by ammonia liquor.

Three novel pterosin dimers form Pteris obtusiloba.

Three novel pterosin dimmers, named as obtupterosin A (1), B (2) and C (3), together with eight known pterosins (4-11) were isolated from Pteris obtusiloba. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectral data, CD, X-ray and literature comparisons. Compounds 1 and 2 were a pair of isomers.

Plantanone D, a new rare methyl-flavonoid from the flowers of with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.

Flowers of have been used for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases in traditional Chinese medicine with limited scientific validation. In the present work, we reported one new rare methyl-flavonoid, plantanone D () and one known compound 4-hydroxybenzoic acid () from the flowers of . Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence, as well as by comparison with literature data.

Chemical constituents from and their chemotaxonomic significance.

Phytochemical investigation of the roots of Fr. Schmidt. ex Miq.

Lagopsis supina exerts its diuretic effect via inhibition of aquaporin-1, 2 and 3 expression in a rat model of traumatic blood stasis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Lagopsis supina has been used as a traditional medicinal herb for centuries in China. In folk medicine, it is used for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis (PBCRBS), anti-inflammatory and diuretic activities. Modern pharmacological investigation have shown that L.

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of flavonoids from the flowers of .

was a traditional Chinese medicinal plant used to treat inflammation-related diseases with little scientific validation. Twelve flavonoids, including two new compounds namely plantanones A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the flowers of . Their structures were elucidated by NMR and HRMS as well as comparison with literature data.

A taxonomic revision of three Chinese spurless species of genus L. (Berberidaceae).

Due to some common or similar features (e.g., small leaf, spurless, yellow flower), three Chinese species of the genus (Berberidaceae), , , and , are controversial based on morphological characteristics.

[Chemical Constitutes from Seeds of Plantago asiatica].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Plantago asiatica seeds.

Methods: The constituents were isolated from the seeds of Plantago asiatica by column chromatography over silica gel, MCI gel, macroporous resin HP-20, Sephadex LH-20, Polyamide and by preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by analysis of physical and chemical properties and spectral data.