Antiproliferative effects of resorcylic acid lactones from the Beibu Gulf coral-derived fungus GXIMD 02512 on prostate cancer cells.

Four novel resorcylic acid lactones (RALs), curvulomycins A-D (1-4), and six known congeners were isolated from the Beibu Gulf coral-derived fungus GXIMD 02512. Their structures including absolute configurations were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses along with experimental and calculated ECD spectra. Structurally, compound 3 harbors a unique γ-pyrone moiety rarely found in the natural RAL family.

Trousseau syndrome with recurrent cerebral infarction as the first oneset in a gastrointestinal malignant tumor patient: A case report.

Rationale: Trousseau syndrome (TS) is a thrombosis disorder characterized by a hypercoagulable state linked to underlying malignancies, resulting in various thrombotic events such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and arterial thrombosis. This syndrome serves as a crucial indicator of malignancy and can often be the first sign of an underlying tumor. In this case, we report a case of gastrointestinal malignant tumor as the first onset, and analyzes its clinical characteristics to improve the clinicians' understanding of this kind of disease.

Comparative outcomes of surgical and conservative management in carotid artery dissection.

Objectives: Carotid artery dissection (CAD) is a significant cause of strokes in young individuals, leading to severe complications and socioeconomic burdens. Despite antithrombotic therapy being the primary management strategy, optimal treatment for patients with recurrent or worsening symptoms remains undefined. This study aims to describe the characteristics and evaluate the outcomes of conservative versus surgical management in CAD patients.

Treatment strategy for splenic artery aneurysms and novel classification based on imaging.

Objective: The incidence of splenic artery aneurysms (SAAs) has increased with advances in imaging techniques, necessitating a comprehensive classification to guide treatment strategies. This study aims to propose a novel classification system for SAAs based on aneurysm characteristics and to review treatment outcomes at our center.

Methods: This retrospective study included 113 patients with SAAs admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2019 to December 2023, assessed using computed tomography angiography or digital subtraction angiography.

The molecular mechanisms regulating the assembly of the autophagy initiation complex.

The autophagy initiation complex is brought about via a highly ordered and stepwise assembly process. Two crucial signaling molecules, mTORC1 and AMPK, orchestrate this assembly by phosphorylating/dephosphorylating autophagy-related proteins. Activation of Atg1 followed by recruitment of both Atg9 vesicles and the PI3K complex I to the PAS (phagophore assembly site) are particularly crucial steps in its formation.

Characterization of the proteome of stable and unstable carotid atherosclerotic plaques using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry.

Background: Currently, noninvasive imaging techniques and circulating biomarkers are still insufficient to accurately assess carotid plaque stability, and an in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms that contribute to plaque instability is still lacking.

Methods: We established a clinical study cohort containing 182 patients with carotid artery stenosis. After screening, 39 stable and 49 unstable plaques were included in the discovery group, and quantitative proteomics analysis based on data independent acquisition was performed for these plaque samples.

A contrast-enhanced CT-based radiomic nomogram for the differential diagnosis of intravenous leiomyomatosis and uterine leiomyoma.

Objective: Uterine intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is a rare and unique leiomyoma that is difficult to surgery due to its ability to extend into intra- and extra-uterine vasculature. And it is difficult to differentiate from uterine leiomyoma (LM) by conventional CT scanning, which results in a large number of missed diagnoses. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of a contrast-enhanced CT-based radiomic nomogram for preoperative differentiation of IVL and LM.

TOR-mediated Ypt1 phosphorylation regulates autophagy initiation complex assembly.

The regulation of autophagy initiation is a key step in autophagosome biogenesis. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the stepwise assembly of ATG proteins during this process remains incomplete. The Rab GTPase Ypt1/Rab1 is recognized as an essential autophagy regulator.

Interplay of energy metabolism and autophagy.

Macroautophagy/autophagy, is widely recognized for its crucial role in enabling cell survival and maintaining cellular energy homeostasis during starvation or energy stress. Its regulation is intricately linked to cellular energy status. In this review, covering yeast, mammals, and plants, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the understanding of the roles and mechanisms of carbon- or glucose-deprivation related autophagy, showing how cells effectively respond to such challenges for survival.

Repairing gastric ulcer with hyaluronic acid/extracellular matrix composite through promoting M2-type polarization of macrophages.

The treatment of gastric ulcer and perforation using synthetic and biomaterials has been a clinical challenge. In this work, a drug-carrying layer of hyaluronic acid was combined with a gastric submucosal decellularized extracellular matrix called gHECM. The regulation of macrophage polarization by the extracellular matrix's components was then investigated.

The Correlation of Apolipoprotein B with Alterations in Specific Fat Depots Content in Adults.

Body mass index (BMI) and blood biomarkers are not enough to predict cardiovascular disease risk. Apolipoprotein B was identified to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) progression. The Dual-energy X-ray Absorption (DXA) results could be considered as a predictor for cardiovascular disease in a more refined way based on fat distribution.

Mec1 regulates PAS recruitment of Atg13 via direct binding with Atg13 during glucose starvation-induced autophagy.

Mec1 is a DNA damage sensor, which performs an essential role in the DNA damage response pathway and glucose starvation-induced autophagy. However, the functions of Mec1 in autophagy remain unclear. In response to glucose starvation, Mec1 forms puncta, which are recruited to mitochondria through the adaptor protein Ggc1.

Identification of tourists' dynamic risk perception-the situation in Tibet.

This paper proposes an identification framework for dynamic risk perception with "Questions & Answers (Q&As) + travel notes", which newly attends to the dynamic nature of risk perception and overcomes the liabilities of traditional data collection methods, such as questionnaires and interviews, which induce high costs in data acquisition, tend to produce small sample sizes and suffer from large sample deviations. Via 2627 Q&As released by tourists before travel and 17,523 travel notes released by tourists after travel, the dynamic change in 20 identified risks before and after travel to Tibet is portrayed with the help of text mining technologies, which can automatically identify risk perception types and sentiment tendencies from massive amounts of textual data. The study finds that before travel, tourists usually underestimate risks related to safety, health and time but overestimate risks related to transportation, route selection and season.

A One-Step Electropolymerized Biomimetic Polypyrrole Membrane-Based Electrochemical Sensor for Selective Detection of Valproate.

Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental disease with a heavy social and economic burden that causes extreme mood swings in patients. Valproate is a first-line drug for bipolar disorder patients to stabilize their daily mood. However, an excessive amount of valproate in the blood could induce severe adverse effects, which necessitates the monitoring of blood valproate levels for patients.

Stappia sediminis sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of coastal herb Zoysia matrella within the Beibu Gulf.

A bacterial isolate (BGMRC 2046) was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Zoysia matrella collected from the Beibu Gulf of China. The results of a polyphasic taxonomic study revealed that this strain belongs to a member of the genus Stappia with the characteristics of Gram-stain-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, motile, short rod-shaped. The strain grew at 20-37 °C (optimal, 28 °C), pH 6.

Intercellular mitochondrial transfer as a means of tissue revitalization.

As the crucial powerhouse for cell metabolism and tissue survival, the mitochondrion frequently undergoes morphological or positional changes when responding to various stresses and energy demands. In addition to intracellular changes, mitochondria can also be transferred intercellularly. Besides restoring stressed cells and damaged tissues due to mitochondrial dysfunction, the intercellular mitochondrial transfer also occurs under physiological conditions.

Martelella alba sp. nov., isolated from mangrove rhizosphere soil within the Beibu Gulf.

Strain BGMRC 2036 was isolated from rhizosphere soil of Bruguiear gymnorrhiza collected from the Beibu Gulf of China. Optimum growth occurred at 28 °C, pH 7.0, and under the conditions of 3-5% (w/v) NaCl.

[Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Road Dust from Non-ferrous Smelting Parks].

In order to explore the pollution characteristics and health risks of heavy metals in dust from roads around non-ferrous smelting activities in different regions, dust samples from urban roads, non-ferrous smelting industry park roads, and tunnel roads were collected from the Mengzi area of Yunnan Province. The dust samples were suspended on Teflon filters by re-suspension equipment to obtain PM and PM samples. Eight heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) were analyzed by ICP-MS.

Tourism companies' risk exposures on text disclosure.

Tourism is a risk-prone industry. But most studies focus on tourist risk perception while ignoring company risk exposure. As service providers, the companies play an important role in tourism activities, and systematically identifying the risks they face is vital to the development of the tourism industry.

Activation of PPARα by Fatty Acid Accumulation Enhances Fatty Acid Degradation and Sulfatide Synthesis.

Very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) catalyzes the first reaction in the mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation pathway. VLCAD deficiency is associated with the accumulation of fat in multiple organs and tissues, which results in specific clinical features including cardiomyopathy, cardiomegaly, muscle weakness, and hepatic dysfunction in infants. We speculated that the abnormal fatty acid metabolism in VLCAD-deficient individuals might cause cell necrosis by fatty acid toxicity.