Anomalous reduced sequence: Potential hazards of disinfection byproduct chlorate in reclaimed water.

Chlorine dioxide is used in reclaimed water treatment technologies and generates the inorganic disinfection byproduct (DBP) chlorate (ClO) during disinfection. Currently, water quality standards for reclaimed water do not specify concentration limits for ClO. This DBP can infiltrate the soil along with reclaimed water.

Comparative study of the effect of rice husk-based powders used as physical conditioners on sludge dewatering.

The effects of rice husk flour (RHF), rice husk biochar (RHB), and rice husk-sludge cake biochar (RH-SCB, expresses sludge cake biochar deriving from a sludge that has been previously conditioned with rice husk) used as physical conditioners on sludge dewaterability were compared. The effects of characteristics of physical conditioners on sludge compressibility and zeta potential were analyzed. The optimal rice husk-based powder was RH-SCB, which presented the highest net sludge solid yield (Y, expresses the dry mass flow by filtration) at 20.