Cryogenic lithium-niobate-on-insulator optical filter.

Photonic integrated circuits have garnered significant attention and experienced rapid development in recent years. To provide fundamental building blocks for scalable optical classical and quantum information processing, one important direction is to develop cryogenic compatible photonic integrated devices. Here, we prepare one optical filter on a lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) platform based on a multimode waveguide grating and verify its availability at temperature from 295 to 7 K.

Medicinal Chemistry Strategies for the Modification of Bioactive Natural Products.

Natural bioactive compounds are valuable resources for drug discovery due to their diverse and unique structures. However, these compounds often lack optimal drug-like properties. Therefore, structural optimization is a crucial step in the drug development process.

Transition Metal-Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Five- and Six-Membered Benzo O-heterocycles.

Enantiomerically enriched five- and six-membered benzo oxygen heterocycles are privileged architectures in functional organic molecules. Over the last several years, many effective methods have been established to access these compounds. However, comprehensive documents cover updated methodologies still in highly demand.

Biology and nature: Bionic superhydrophobic surface and principle.

Nature is the source of human design inspiration. In order to adapt to the environment better, creatures in nature have formed various morphological structures during billions of years of evolution, among which the superhydrophobic characteristics of some animal and plant surface structures have attracted wide attention. At present, the preparation methods of bionic superhydrophobic surface based on the microstructure of animal and plant body surface include vapor deposition, etching modification, sol-gel method, template method, electrostatic spinning method and electrostatic spraying method, etc.

Transmittance-invariant phase modulator for chip-based quantum key distribution.

In chip-based quantum key distribution (QKD) systems, the non-ideal quantum state preparation due to the imperfect electro-optic phase modulators (EOPM) decreases the secret key rate and introduces potential vulnerabilities. We propose and implement an on-chip transmittance-invariant phase modulator (TIPM) to solve this problem. Simulated and experimental results show that TIPM can eliminate the correlation between phase, intensity, and polarization of quantum states caused by phase-dependent loss.

Advances in Polyethylene Terephthalate Beverage Bottle Optimization: A Mini Review.

Compared with other materials, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has high transparency, excellent physical and mechanical properties in a wide temperature range and good hygiene and safety, so it is widely used in the packaging industry, especially in the packaging of beverages and foods. The optimization of PET bottles is mainly reflected in three aspects: material optimization, structure optimization and process optimization, among which there is much research on material optimization and process optimization, but there is no complete overview on structure optimization. A summary of structural optimization is necessary.

Computer Simulation of Polyethylene Terephthalate Carbonated Beverage Bottle Bottom Structure Based on Manual-Automatic Double-Adjustment Optimization.

PET bottlesare often used as airtight containers for filling carbonated drinks. Because carbonated drinks contain large volumes of CO gas, the container needs to bear a tremendous pressure from the inside of the bottle.If the stress exceeds the bearing limit, the material will show the phenomenon of local cracking and liquid overflow.

Swin-YOLOv5: Research and Application of Fire and Smoke Detection Algorithm Based on YOLOv5.

Accurate monitoring of fire and smoke plays an irreplaceable role in preventing fires and safeguarding the safety of citizens' lives and property. The network structure of YOLOv5 is simple, but using convolution to extract features will lead to some problems such as limited receptive field, poor feature extraction ability, and insufficient feature integration. In view of the current defects of YOLOv5 target detection algorithm, a new algorithm model named Swin-YOLOv5 was proposed in this work.

Compact quantum random number generation using a linear optocoupler.

To date, various quantum random number schemes have been demonstrated. However, the cost, size, and final random bit generation rate usually limits their wide application on-shelf. To overcome these limitations, we propose and demonstrate a compact, simple, and low-cost quantum random number generation based on a linear optocoupler.

Rational design, synthesis and biological evaluation of ubiquinone derivatives as IDO1 inhibitors.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer, chronic viral infections and neurological disorders characterized by pathological immune stimulation. Herein, a series of known metal-chelating ubiquinone derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for the IDO1 inhibiting activities. The docking studies showed that the compounds 11, 16, 18 and coenzyme-Q1 exhibited different binding modes to IDO1 protein.

Structure-optimized dihydropyranoindole derivative GIBH-LRA002 potentially reactivated viral latency in primary CD4+ T lymphocytes of chronic HIV-1 patients.

Based on structure modification and a high-throughput Jurkat-Lat cell screening model, we found that GIBH-LRA002, ethyl-2-amino-3-cyano-9-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-4,9-dihydropyrano[2,3-]indole-4-carboxylate, effectively reactivated the latent proviruses in a Jurkat-Lat cell line and primary CD4+ T cells from both chronic SIV-infected rhesus macaques and HIV-1 patients but without inducing systemic activation, making this compound attractive for potentially treating HIV-1 infection.

Cappariloside A shows antiviral and better anti-inflammatory effects against influenza virus via regulating host IFN signaling, in vitro and vivo.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and mechanisms of Cappariloside A, a chemically synthesized compound, against virus and inflammation induced by influenza virus.

Main Methods: The inhibitory activity of Cappariloside A against influenza virus was determined by plaque assay and cytopathic effect inhibition assay. Quantitative real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Bio-Plex methods were used to quantify cytokine and chemokine expression profiles.

Polarization variations in installed fibers and their influence on quantum key distribution systems.

Polarization variations in the installed fibers are complex and volatile, and would severely affect the performances of polarization-sensitive quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. Based on the recorded data about polarization variations of different installed fibers, we establish an analytical methodology to quantitatively evaluate the influence of polarization variations on polarization-sensitive QKD systems. Using the increased quantum bit error rate induced by polarization variations as a key criteria, we propose two parameters - polarization drift time and required tracking speed - to characterize polarization variations.

Polarization-basis tracking scheme for quantum key distribution using revealed sifted key bits.

The calibration of the polarization basis between the transmitter and receiver is an important task in quantum key distribution. A continuously working polarization-basis tracking scheme (PBTS) will effectively promote the efficiency of the system and reduce the potential security risk when switching between the transmission and calibration modes. Here, we proposed a single-photon level continuously working PBTS using only sifted key bits revealed during an error correction procedure, without introducing additional reference light or interrupting the transmission of quantum signals.

Experimental measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with uncharacterized encoding.

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) is an efficient way to share secrets using untrusted measurement devices. However, the assumption on the characterizations of encoding states is still necessary in this promising protocol, which may lead to unnecessary complexity and potential loopholes in realistic implementations. Here, by using the mismatched-basis statistics, we present the first proof-of-principle experiment of MDI QKD with uncharacterized encoding sources.

C-Aryl glucoside SGLT2 inhibitors containing a biphenyl motif as potential anti-diabetic agents.

A series of highly active C-aryl glucoside SGLT2 inhibitors containing a biphenyl motif were designed and synthesized for biological evaluation. Among the compounds tested, compound 16l demonstrated high inhibitory activity against SGLT2 (IC50=1.9 nM) with an excellent pharmacokinetic profile.

Chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed highly enantioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of C3-substituted indoles to β,γ-unsaturated α-ketimino esters.

A highly enantioselective C2 Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of 3-substituted indoles to β,γ-unsaturated α-ketimino esters has been developed. This reaction was efficiently catalyzed by a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst. The corresponding C2-substituted indole derivatives, bearing an α-ketimino ester motif, were obtained in moderate to high yields (up to 93%) and with high enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee).

[A novel dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors developed through scaffold hopping and drug splicing strategy].

Though all the marketed drugs of dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors are structurally different, their inherent correlation is worthy of further investigation. Herein we rapidly discovered a novel DPP-IV inhibitor 8g (IC50 = 4.9 nmol.