Mild hyperthermia upregulates PD-L1 in the tumor microenvironment and enhances antitumor efficacy of PD-L1 blockade in murine squamous cell carcinoma.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a low five-year survival rate because of its high rate of recurrence and metastasis. After surgical resection or radiation, the main treatments for HNSCC, patients sometimes experience functional or aesthetic disorders. Therefore, there is a great demand for the development of non-surgical treatment strategies to improve clinical outcomes and patients' quality of life.

Hyperthermia maintains death receptor expression and promotes TRAIL-induced apoptosis.

Background: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand activates apoptotic pathways and could potentially be used in anticancer treatments. However, oral squamous cell carcinoma cells are known to be resistant to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced cell death. It has been previously reported that hyperthermia upregulates tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis in other cancers.

Family with sequence similarity 20 member B regulates osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on titanium surfaces.

Successful bone regeneration on titanium (Ti) surfaces is a key process in dental implant treatment. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are fundamental cellular components of this process, and their early recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation into bone-forming osteoblasts are crucial. A proteoglycan (PG)-rich layer has been reported to exist between Ti surfaces and bones; however, the molecules that could potentially affect the formation of this layer remain unknown.

Efficacy of semi-solidification of enteral nutrients for postoperative nutritional management with a nasogastric tube.

Postoperative nutritional management with a nasogastric tube is often used to prevent malnutrition after oral and maxillofacial surgery. However, enteral nutrients (EN) may cause various complications due to their liquid formulation. In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of semi-solid EN with a xanthan gum thickener through a nasogastric tube and examined patients' complications, nutritional status, and quality of life.

Anagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, improved bladder function and hemodynamics in rats with bilateral internal iliac artery ligation.

Aims: To investigate the effect of anagliptin (Ana), a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, on acute ischemia-induced bladder dysfunction in rats.

Methods: Eight-week-old female Wistar-ST rats were randomly assigned into four groups: (a) sham; (b) ligation (Lig); (c) Lig + Ana; and (d) Lig + Liraglutide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1] receptor agonist; Lira). Rats in the Lig, Lig + Ana, and Lig + Lira groups underwent ligature of the bilateral internal iliac arteries.

Chondroitin-4-sulfate transferase-1 depletion inhibits formation of a proteoglycan-rich layer and alters immunotolerance of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on titanium oxide surfaces.

Successful osseointegration is essential for dental implants. However, the complete molecular mechanism of osseointegration remains to be elucidated. In this study, we focused on the proteoglycan (PG)-rich layer between titanium oxides (TiOx) and bone, and chondroitin-4-sulfate transferase-1 (C4ST-1), which forms the sugar chain in PGs.

Differences in xylem development between Dutch and Japanese tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) correlate with cytokinin levels in hypocotyls.

Background And Aims: Dutch tomato cultivars tend to have a greater yield than Japanese cultivars even if they are grown under the same conditions. Factors contributing to the increased yield of the Dutch cultivars were a greater light use efficiency and greater leaf photosynthetic rate. On the other hand, the relationship between tomato yields and anatomical traits is still unclear.