Publications by authors named "Yuya Homma"

Background: A recent database study and meta-analysis reported that adjunctive glucocorticoid therapy reduces mortality in patients with non-human immunodeficiency virus-associated (non-HIV) Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), having hypoxemia. However, the optimal glucocorticoid dose remains unclear. Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pulse methylprednisolone compared with mild-to-moderate steroid doses in patients with non-HIV PCP.

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Background: To investigate the outcomes of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) between patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with and without biologics before PCP onset.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively included rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with PCP treated with and without biologics before PCP onset. The primary endpoints were 30-day and 180-day survival rates, and the secondary endpoint was severe PCP, including in-hospital death, intensive care unit admission, and requirement of respiratory support during hospitalization.

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Background: In flexible bronchoscopy, endobronchial ultrasonography using a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) has varying diagnostic yield depending on the findings of radial-endobronchial ultrasonography (R-EBUS). The diagnosis rate is lower when the ultrasound probe is "adjacent to", than when it is "within" the lesion. However, these findings are inconsistent, and the imaging status may change from "adjacent to" to "within" as examination progresses.

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is a gram-positive anaerobic coccus (GPAC) that colonizes the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. Recent advances in bacterial identification have confirmed the clinical importance of . Here, we report a case of empyema with bacteremia caused by .

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Background: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is an effective treatment for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised patients with and without HIV infection; however, a high incidence of adverse events has been observed. Low-dose TMP-SMX is a potentially effective treatment with fewer adverse events; however, evidence is limited.

Research Question: What is the efficacy and safety of low-dose TMP-SMX for non-HIV PCP compared with conventional-dose TMP-SMX after adjusting for patient background characteristics?

Study Design And Methods: In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, we included patients diagnosed with non-HIV PCP and treated with TMP-SMX between June 2006 and March 2021 at three institutions.

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Introduction: Patients with lung cancer have a high risk of influenza complications. International guidelines recommend annual influenza vaccination for patients with cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are progressively used to treat lung cancer.

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Osimertinib-induced pneumonitis usually manifests as ground glass opacities (GGO) on chest computed tomography (CT) scans. Here, we encountered a case involving a 42-year-old woman who had nodule-type pneumonitis mimicking lung abscess or tumor recurrence caused by osimertinib. When a nodular pattern is seen on the chest CT scan of a patient receiving osimertinib treatment, drug-induced pneumonitis should be considered as a differential diagnosis.

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Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a rare but fatal cancer-related disease. Owing to its non-specific findings, aggressive course, and lack of established treatment guidelines, only a few cases of antemortem diagnosis in long-term survivors have been reported. We aimed to report a case of uterine cervical cancer induced PTTM that was suspected based on pulmonary hypertension and successfully treated using combination chemotherapy despite of delayed diagnose.

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Article Synopsis
  • There have been recent cases of patients experiencing both allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and mycobacterial infection (MAC) lung disease at the same time.
  • Current strategies for diagnosing and treating individuals with both conditions are not well-defined.
  • A reported case demonstrated that using systemic steroids and antimycobacterial drugs together, along with bronchoscopy for diagnosis, can effectively manage both ABPA and MAC lung disease.
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LGP2 and MDA5 cooperate to detect viral RNA in the cytoplasm of Picornavirus-infected cells and activate innate immune responses. To further define regulatory components of RNA recognition by LGP2/MDA5, a yeast two-hybrid screen was used to identify LGP2-interacting proteins. The screening has identified the TAR-RNA binding protein (TRBP), which is known to be an essential factor for RNA interference (RNAi).

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