Simulation of Novel Nano Low-Dimensional FETs at the Scaling Limit.

The scaling of bulk Si-based transistors has reached its limits, while novel architectures such as FinFETs and GAAFETs face challenges in sub-10 nm nodes due to complex fabrication processes and severe drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) effects. An effective strategy to avoid short-channel effects (SCEs) is the integration of low-dimensional materials into novel device architectures, leveraging the coupling between multiple gates to achieve efficient electrostatic control of the channel. We employed TCAD simulations to model multi-gate FETs based on various dimensional systems and comprehensively investigated electric fields, potentials, current densities, and electron densities within the devices.

Nonradiative Energy Transfer Enables a < Response of Perovskite Quantum Dots in Si-Based Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Solar Cells.

High performance is a crucial factor in seeking a more competitive levelized cost of electricity for the extensive popularization of c-Si solar cells. Here, CsPbBr quantum dots (QDs) have been first applied as the light-converting layer to enhance the full-spectrum light response, resulting in an ∼71% enhancement of power conversion efficiency within silicon-based solar cells. Remarkably, even if the photon energy is smaller than the bandgap of CsPbBr QDs, the long-wavelength external quantum efficiency shows a significant increase.

Exploring the electrochemical properties of CuSe-decorated NiSe nanocubes for battery-supercapacitor hybrid devices.

Chalcogenides, a promising class of electrode materials, attracted massive popularity owing to their exciting features of high conductive nature, high capacity, rich redox activities, and structural functionalities, making them the first choice for the electrochemical energy domain. This paper reported a new NiSe-CuSe nanocomposite prepared via a wet-chemical synthesis followed by a low-cost and simple hydrothermal reaction. The physical characterization showed cubes and nanoparticles type morphological features of NiSe and CuSe products, while their composite reveals a combined morphological characteristic.

Solvent-dependent supramolecular assembly behavior of a coumarin-headed amphiphile.

To study the effect of solvent on supramolecular self-assembly behaviors, a chiral courmarin-substituted glutamine amphiphile, L/DG-Cm, was synthesized for investigation. It was found that L/DG-Cm self-assembled into short nanotubes in toluene, while it formed longer nanotubes together with an obvious helix nanobelt structure for L/DG-Cm in DMSO, demonstrating that the nanotubes were formed by nanobelt rolling. The CD and CPL spectra revealed the same chiral property of the L/DG-Cm assemblies formed in toluene and DMSO.

New drug approvals for 2021: Synthesis and clinical applications.

50 New drugs including 36 chemical entities and 14 biologics were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration during 2021.

Non-Ultrawide Bandgap Semiconductor GaSe Nanobelts for Sensitive Deep Ultraviolet Light Photodetector Application.

In this paper, the authors report the fabrication of a sensitive deep ultraviolet (DUV) photodetector by using an individual GaSe nanobelt with a thickness of 52.1 nm, which presents the highest photoresponse at 265 nm illumination with a responsivity and photoconductive gain of about 663 A W and 3103 at a 3 V bias, respectively, comparable to or even better than other reported devices based on conventional wide bandgap semiconductors. According to the simulation, this photoelectric property is associated with the wavelength-dependent absorption coefficient of the GaSe crystal, for which incident light with shorter wavelengths will be absorbed near the surface, while light with longer wavelengths will have a larger penetration depth, leading to a blueshift of the absorption edge with decreasing thickness.

Spectral Engineering of InSe Nanobelts for Full-Color Imaging by Tailoring the Thickness.

In this work, we report on the synthesis of InSe nanobelts through a catalyst-free chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth approach. A remarkable blue shift of the peak photoresponse was observed when the thickness of the InSe nanobelt decreases from 562 to 165 nm. Silvaco Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) simulation reveals that such a shift in spectral response should be ascribed to the wavelength-dependent absorption coefficient of InSe, for which incident light with shorter wavelengths will be absorbed near the surface, while light with longer wavelengths will have a greater penetration depth, leading to a red shift of the absorption edge for thicker nanobelt devices.

Dual-cation-doped MoSnanosheets accelerating tandem alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanosheets are promising candidates as earth-abundant and low-cost catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Nevertheless, compared with the benchmark Pt/C catalyst, the application of MoSnanosheets is limited to its relatively low catalytic activity, especially in alkaline environments. Here, we developed a dual-cation doping strategy to improve the alkaline HER performance of MoSnanosheets.

Fabrication of Addressable Perovskite Film Arrays for High-Performance Photodetection and Real-Time Image Sensing Application.

Patterned growth of periodic perovskite film arrays is essential for application in sensing devices and integrated optoelectronic systems. Herein, we report on patterned growth of addressable perovskite photodetector arrays through an uncured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oligomer-assisted solution-processed approach, in which a periodic hydrophilic/hydrophobic substrate replicating the predesigned patterns of the PDMS stamp was formed due to the migration of uncured siloxane oligomers in the PDMS stamp to the intimately contacted substrate. By using this technique, MAPbI film photodetector arrays with neglectable pixel-to-pixel variation, a responsivity of 2.

Topological Formation of a Mo-Ni-Based Hollow Structure as a Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Solutions.

A Mo-Ni alloy has been demonstrated to be a benchmark noble-metal-free catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline solutions. Nevertheless, further improvement on its catalytic activity is desired to meet industrial requirements. In this study, Mo-Ni-based hollow structures (MoNi-HS), backboned by MoO nanosheets and decorated with metallic MoNi nanoparticles, were obtained via a topological transformation process by annealing MoNi-oxide hollow precursors in a reducing atmosphere.

First-Row Transition Metal Based Catalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction under Alkaline Conditions: Basic Principles and Recent Advances.

Owing to its abundance, high gravimetric energy density, and environmental friendliness, hydrogen is a promising renewable energy to replace fossil fuels. One of the most prominent routes toward hydrogen acquisition is water splitting, which is currently bottlenecked by the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Numerous of electrocatalysts have been developed in the past decades to accelerate the OER process.

CTAB-Assisted Fabrication of Bi₂WO₆ Thin Nanoplates with High Adsorption and Enhanced Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic Performance.

Two-dimensional thin Bi₂WO₆ nanoplates have been fabricated using a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-assisted hydrothermal method. We investigated the proposed formation mechanism based on the crystalline structures of the thin Bi₂WO₆ nanoplates. The high adsorption ability and excellent visible-light driven photocatalytic activities of the Bi₂WO₆ nanoplates were illustrated, in view of exposed (001) facets of nanoplates possessing faster separation of photo-generated charge carriers and increased catalytically active sites.

Fe3O4@Bi2WO6 Core-Shell Structured Microspheres: Facile Construction and Magnetically Recyclable Photocatalytic Activity Under Visible-Light.

Core-shell structured Fe3O4@Bi2WO6 composite microspheres (Fe3O4 microspheres as core and Bi2WO6 nanoplates as shell) have been fabricated in a facile and cost effective reflux way. Such fabricated Fe3O4@Bi2WO6 composites show good visible-light driven photocatalytic performance on degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) from solution in presence of H2O2. More importantly, they can be easily harvested from aqueous system for recycle with small loss of their photocatalytic activity upon applying an external magnet.

Nanoparticle siRNA against BMI-1 with a Polyethylenimine-Laminarin Conjugate for Gene Therapy in Human Breast Cancer.

The B-cell-specific Moloney leukemia virus inset site 1 gene (BMI-1) has attracted considerable attention in recent years because of its key role in breast cancer development and metastasis. The downregulation of BMI-1 expression via small interfering RNA (siRNA) effectively inhibits tumor growth. However, the successful application of this therapy is limited by the unavailability of an appropriate vector for siRNA transfer.

Photogenerated carriers transfer in dye-graphene-SnO2 composites for highly efficient visible-light photocatalysis.

The visible-light-driven photocatalytic activities of graphene-semiconductor catalysts have recently been demonstrated, however, the transfer pathway of photogenerated carriers especially where the role of graphene still remains controversial. Here we report graphene-SnO2 aerosol nanocomposites that exhibit more superior dye adsorption capacity and photocatalytic efficiency compared with pure SnO2 quantum dots, P25 TiO2, and pure graphene aerosol under the visible light. This study examines the origin of the visible-light-driven photocatalysis, which for the first time links to the synergistic effect of the cophotosensitization of the dye and graphene to SnO2.

Sacrificial templating synthesis of hematite nanochains from [Fe18S25](TETAH)14 nanoribbons: their magnetic, electrochemical, and photocatalytic properties.

Unique hematite nanochains self-assembled from α-Fe(2)O(3) nanoparticles can be synthesized by thermal decomposition of [Fe(18)S(25)](TETAH)(14) as an appropriate nanoribbon precursor (TETAH = protonated triethylenetetramine). Magnetic studies have revealed greatly enhanced coercivity of the 1D hematite nanochains compared with that of dispersed α-Fe(2)O(3) nanoparticles at low temperature, which may be attributed to their increased shape anisotropy and magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The photocatalytic properties of the hematite nanochains have been studied, as well as their electrochemical properties as cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries.

Hierarchical hollow Co9S8 microspheres: solvothermal synthesis, magnetic, electrochemical, and electrocatalytic properties.

A simple solvothermal route in a binary solution of triethylenetetramine (TETA) and deionized water (DIW) has been used to synthesize hierarchical hollow Co(9)S(8) microspheres with high surface area (80.38 m(2) g(-1)). An appropriate volume ratio of TETA:DIW has been found to be essential for the formation of hollow Co(9)S(8) microspheres.

Hierarchical FeWO4 microcrystals: solvothermal synthesis and their photocatalytic and magnetic properties.

Highly hierarchical platelike FeWO(4) microcrystals have been synthesized by a simple solvothermal route using FeCl(3) x 6 H(2)O and Na(2)WO(4) x 2 H(2)O as precursors, where ethylene glycol (EG) plays an important role as a capping agent in directing growth and self-assembly of such unique structures. In addition, a certain amount of CH(3)COONa (NaAc) was necessary for the formation of such unique FeWO(4) microstructures. The photocatalytic property of as-synthesized hierarchical FeWO(4) microcrystals has been first studied, which shows excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under UV and visible light irradiation (modeling sunlight).