Transmission of Peripheral-blood α-Synuclein Fibrils Exacerbates Synucleinopathy and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease by Endothelial Lag3 Endocytosis.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder. The pathological feature of PD is abnormal alpha-synuclein (α-syn) formation and transmission. Recent evidence demonstrates that α-syn preformed fibrils (α-syn PFF) can be detected in the serum of PD patients.

Value of prognostic nutritional index and controlling nutritional status score for advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors.

Objective: To explore the value of preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score in predicting response and prognosis of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in patients who received PD-1 inhibitors for advanced NSCLC. Patients were assigned by immunotherapy effects into response (partial and complete response, pCR) group (n=52) and non-response (non-pCR) group (n=132).

Fe and Cu Double-Doped CoO Nanorod with Abundant Oxygen Vacancies: A High-Rate Electrocatalyst for Tandem Electroreduction of Nitrate to Ammonia.

The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NORR) is an attractive green alternative to the conventional Haber-Bosch method for the synthesis of NH. However, this reaction is a tandem process that involves multiple steps of electrons and protons, posing a significant challenge to the efficient synthesis of NH. Herein, we report a high-rate NORR electrocatalyst of Fe and Cu double-doped CoO nanorod (Fe/Cu-CoO) with abundant oxygen vacancies, where the Cu preferentially catalyzes the rapid conversion of NO to NO and the oxygen vacancy in the CoO substrate can accelerate NO reduction to NH.

A hybrid clustering and random forest model to analyse vulnerable road user to motor vehicle (VRU-MV) crashes.

The main goal of this study is to investigate the unobserved heterogeneity in VRU-MV crash data and to determine the relatively important contributing factors of injury severity. For this end, a latent class analysis (LCA) coupled with random parameters logit model (LCA-RPL) is developed to segment the VRU-MV crashes into relatively homogeneous clusters and to explore the differences among clusters. The random-forest-based SHapley Additive exPlanation (RF-SHAP) approach is used to explore the relative importance of the contributing factors for injury severity in each cluster.

A hybrid approach of random forest and random parameters logit model of injury severity modeling of vulnerable road users involved crashes.

Vulnerable road users (VRUs) involved crashes are a major road safety concern due to the high likelihood of fatal and severe injury. The use of data-driven methods and heterogeneity models separately have limitations in crash data analysis. This study develops a hybrid approach of Random Forest based SHAP algorithm (RF-SHAP) and random parameters logit modeling framework to explore significant factors and identify the underlying interaction effects on injury severity of VRUs-involved crashes in Shenyang (China) from 2015 to 2017.

SARM1 Promotes Neurodegeneration and Memory Impairment in Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease.

Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The Sterile Alpha and Toll Interleukin Receptor Motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) has been shown to promote axonal degeneration and is involved in neuroinflammation. However, the role of SARM1 in AD remains unclear.

Characteristics of large vestibular aqueduct syndrome in wideband acoustic immittance.

Objective: To describe the characteristics of large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS) in wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) and to explore whether inner ear deformity has an impact on WAI results.

Methods: Subjects with typical LVAS (LVAS group) and control subjects with a normal anatomical structure of the inner ear (control group) were screened from pediatric patients with cochlear implants using thin-slice computed tomography (CT) images of the temporal bone. With inflammation of the auditory canal and middle ear excluded by routine ear examination and 226 Hz acoustic immittance, WAI data were acquired.

Surgical treatment of pulsatile tinnitus related to the sigmoid sinus.

Objective: Tinnitus-a common clinical symptom-can be categorized into pulsatile tinnitus (PT) and non-PT. Among these, PT is usually associated with sigmoid sinus symptoms, such as sigmoid sinus wall defect or diverticulum, for which various surgical treatments are available. We have discussed the clinical efficacy of surgery for sigmoid sinus-associated PT via the transmastoid approach in this study.

Can mental imagery boost the effect of the positive cognitive bias modification of interpretation (CBM-I) on interpretation bias and memory bias?

Background And Objectives: Cognitive bias modification of interpretation (CBM-I) has been widely used and yielded mixed results. This experiment explored the unique role of mental imagery in positive CBM-I.

Methods: 60 participants (M = 23.

Mechanical Thrombectomy for M2 Segment Occlusion in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The safety and benefit of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with M2 segment middle cerebral artery occlusions remain uncertain.

Objective: To investigate the benefit of mechanical thrombectomy for M2 occlusion compared with M1 occlusion in patients with AIS.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to April 2021 to identify relevant articles.

Influence factors on injury severity of bicycle-motor vehicle crashes: A two-stage comparative analysis of urban and suburban areas in Beijing.

Objective: More attention should be given to bicycle-motor vehicle (BMV) crashes, as cyclists are at a higher risk of suffering injuries than motor vehicle users in a crash. This study aims to explore the factors influencing the injury severity of bicycle-motor vehicle (BMV) crashes in Beijing (China) and discusses the commonalities and differences between the urban and suburban areas.

Methods: Information regarding 1,136 crashes between bicycles and motor vehicles were collected using police reported data from 2014 to 2015.

Snow albedo reductions induced by the internal/external mixing of black carbon and mineral dust, and different snow grain shapes across northern China.

Previous studies have indicated that black carbon (BC) potentially induces snow albedo reductions across northern China. However, the effects of other light-absorbing particles (LAPs, e.g.