Self-organizing dynamic research based on phase coherence graph autoencoders: Analysis of brain metastable states across the lifespan.

The development of the human brain is a complex, lifelong process during which collective behaviors of neurons exhibit self-organizing dynamics. Metastable states play a crucial role in understanding the complex dynamical mechanisms of the brain, and analyzing them helps to reveal the mechanisms of functional changes in the brain throughout development and aging. Specifically, global metastable state provides a overall perspective on the flexibility of brain reorganization, while the evolution trajectories of transient functional patterns capture detailed changes in brain activity.

SRM-Net: Joint Sampling and Reconstruction and Mapping Network for Accelerated 3T Brain Multi-parametric MR Imaging.

Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide complementary quantitative information by generating multi-parametric maps and is becoming a promising imaging technique for advanced medical diagnosis. However, multi-parametric MRI requires longer acquisition time than normal MRI scanning. The existing reconstruction methods for accelerated multi-parametric MRI suffer from suboptimal performance due to stagewise optimization, and inefficient utilization of intra- and inter-contrast information.

Robust Tracking Method for Small and Weak Multiple Targets Under Dynamic Interference Based on Q-IMM-MHT.

In complex environments, traditional multi-target tracking methods often encounter challenges such as strong clutter interference and interruptions in target trajectories, which can result in insufficient tracking accuracy and robustness. To address these issues, this paper presents an improved multi-target tracking algorithm, termed Q-IMM-MHT. This method integrates Multiple Hypothesis Tracking (MHT) with Interactive Multiple Model (IMM) and introduces a Q-learning-based adaptive model switching strategy to dynamically adjust model selection in response to variations in the target's motion patterns.

Impact of different peeling treatments on the isomerization and micellization of carotenoids and the flavor in tomato pulp.

To find a superior peeling method and increase peeled tomato quality, this investigation aims to evaluate the composition, isomerization, micellization, and antioxidant activity of carotenoids and the flavor of tomatoes using novel catalytic infrared, hot-water, hot-lye and manual peeling. Compared to manual peeling, thermal peeling methods significantly improved carotenoid extractability, increased lutein and β-carotene contents, and enhanced their micellization during in vitro digestion. Additionally, these methods reduced micelle viscosity and size.

Uridine Metabolism as a Targetable Metabolic Achilles' Heel for chemo-resistant B-ALL.

Relapse continues to limit survival for patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Previous studies have independently implicated activation of B-cell developmental signaling pathways and increased glucose consumption with chemo-resistance and relapse risk. Here, we connect these observations, demonstrating that B-ALL cells with active signaling, defined by high expression of phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 ("pS6+ cells"), are metabolically unique and glucose dependent.

Study on Quality Evaluation of Er Miao San Based on HPLC Fingerprinting Combined With Multi-Indicator Content Determination.

We aim to establish the fingerprint profile of Er Miao San (EMS) that aims to accurately evaluate the quality of EMS samples and to identify quality markers for different batches of EMS and explore its related targets and pathways for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. HPLC was employed with an Agilent C18 column. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis were conducted by using SPSS and SIMCA software.

Oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma (OPRCC): 2 case report and literature review.

Oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma (OPRCC) is a new papillary renal cell carcinoma (OPRCC) added to the 2016 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Urinary and Male Reproductive System. It is a subtype of carcinoma, PRCC, which is very rare and it is very characteristic and interesting. The morphology, immunophenotype, genetic characteristics and prognosis of OPRCC are uncertain, so the diagnosis and post-operative management of OPRCC are challenging.

Origin and stepwise evolution of vertebrate lungs.

Lungs are essential respiratory organs in terrestrial vertebrates, present in most bony fishes but absent in cartilaginous fishes, making them an ideal model for studying organ evolution. Here we analysed single-cell RNA sequencing data from adult and developing lungs across vertebrate species, revealing significant similarities in cell composition, developmental trajectories and gene expression patterns. Surprisingly, a large proportion of lung-related genes, coexpression patterns and many lung enhancers are present in cartilaginous fishes despite their lack of lungs, suggesting that a substantial genetic foundation for lung development existed in the last common ancestor of jawed vertebrates.

Bone mineral density surrounding the screw thread predicts the risk of pedicle screw loosening.

Background: Screw loosening remains a serious complication for patients undergoing pedicle screw fixation surgeries. An accurate risk prediction is significant for prevention of screw loosening through preoperative planning. In this study, we proposed a novel index, namely the bone mineral density surrounding the screw thread (thread BMD), and tested its predictability in screw loosening.

A novel mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis: twice-repeated oropharyngeal bleomycin administration mimicking human pathology.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and irreversible lung disease with high mortality and limited treatment options. While single-dose bleomycin-induced models are commonly used to investigate the pathogenesis of IPF, they fail to adequately replicate the complex pathological features in human patients, thereby hindering comprehensive investigations. Previous studies utilizing repetitive bleomycin injections have demonstrated a closer resemblance to human IPF pathology; however, the time- and resource-intensive nature of this approach presents significant drawbacks.

Advances in RNA-Based Therapeutics: Challenges and Innovations in RNA Delivery Systems.

Nucleic acids, as carriers of genetic information, have found wide applications in both medical and research fields, including gene editing, disease diagnostics, and drug development. Among various types of nucleic acids, RNA offers greater versatility compared to DNA due to its single-stranded structure, ability to directly encode proteins, and high modifiability for targeted therapeutic and regulatory applications. Despite its promising potential in biomedicine, RNA-based medicine still faces several challenges.

Development of sensitive and rapid immunoassays for Moniliformin (MON) detection based on nanomaterials labeled monoclonal antibodies.

Moniliformin (MON) is a toxic secondary metabolite from Fusarium species. The natural contamination of MON in cereals and cereal by-products, poses a risk of exposure to MON. However, so far, no immunoassay method has been reported to detect MON in field samples.

CD44-Mediated Metabolic Rewiring is A Targetable Dependency of IDH-Mutant Leukemia.

Recurrent IDH mutations catalyze NADPH-dependent production of oncometabolite R-2HG for tumorigenesis. IDH inhibition provides clinical response in a subset of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases; however, most patients develop resistance, highlighting the need for more effective IDH-targeting therapies. By comparing transcriptomic alterations in isogenic leukemia cells harboring CRISPR base-edited IDH mutations, we identify the activation of adhesion molecules including CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein, as a shared feature of IDH-mutant leukemia, consistent with elevated CD44 expression in IDH-mutant AML patients.

Customized Design of Covalent Organic Framework with Asymmetric Dual-Function Hybrid Linkages for Promoting HO Photosynthesis in Air and Water.

Efficient sacrificial-agent-free photosynthesis of HO from air and water represents the greenest, lowest-cost, most real-time avenue for HO production but remains a challenging issue. Here, we show a general and effective approach through a structural design on covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with asymmetric dual-function hybrid linkages for boosting the HO photosynthesis of the COFs. Through such design we can equip a COF with not only a catalytic active center but also a special function for isolating the D-A motif, which consequently endows the COF (CI-COF) built on asymmetric dual-function hybrid linkages with a significantly enhanced efficiency in the generation, transmission, and separation of photogenerated carriers, relative to the COF (II-COF and CC-COF) built on symmetric single-function single linkages.

Microwave-assisted extraction of dandelion root polysaccharides: Extraction process optimization, purification, structural characterization, and analysis of antioxidant activity.

This study aimed to establish a microwave-assisted method (MAE) for the efficient extraction of polysaccharides from dandelion roots. This study investigated the molecular structure and bioactivity of the polysaccharides from dandelion roots. Extraction conditions were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM).

Differences in the Quality Components of Wuyi Rock Tea and Huizhou Rock Tea.

Different origins and qualities can lead to differences in the taste and aroma of tea; however, the impacts of origin and quality on the taste and aroma characteristics of Wuyi rock tea and Huizhou rock tea have rarely been studied. In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and sensory evaluation methods were used to compare the quality components of Wuyi rock tea and Huizhou rock tea. The sensory evaluation showed that they each have their own characteristics, but the overall acceptability of Wuyi rock tea is ahead of Huizhou rock tea ( < 0.

Dynamic EIT technology for real-time non-invasive monitoring of acute pulmonary embolism: a porcine model experiment.

Background: Acute pulmonary embolism represents the third most prevalent cardiovascular pathology, following coronary heart disease and hypertension. Its untreated mortality rate is as high as 20-30%, which represents a significant threat to patient survival. In view of the current lack of real-time monitoring techniques for acute pulmonary embolism, this study primarily investigates the potential of the pulsatility electrical impedance tomography (EIT) technique for the detection and real-time monitoring of acute pulmonary embolism through the collection and imaging of the pulsatile signal of pulmonary blood flow.

Multifunctional Siloxane Additive Enabling Ultrahigh-Nickel Lithium Battery with Long Cycle Life at 30 and 60 °C.

Ultrahigh-nickel layered oxide cathodes (≥90% nickel) possess exceptionally high discharge capacities, which can significantly improve the energy density of lithium-ion batteries and alleviate the driving range anxiety of electric vehicles. However, the high interfacial reactivity of ultrahigh-nickel cathodes, especially the detrimental side reactions with harmful acidic species like HF in the electrolyte, can deteriorate the battery interface and reduce the cycle life, hindering their practical application. In this study, 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane (PTTS-NCO) is introduced as the electrolyte additive, which can effectively scavenge the harmful acidic species in the electrolyte and form a protective surface layer at the electrode/electrolyte interface, thereby enhancing the electrochemical performance of the battery (NCM90/Li).

Structural insights into the regulation of monomeric and dimeric apelin receptor.

The apelin receptor (APJR) emerges as a promising drug target for cardiovascular health and muscle regeneration. While prior research unveiled the structural versatility of APJR in coupling to Gi proteins as a monomer or dimer, the dynamic regulation within the APJR dimer during activation remains poorly understood. In this study, we present the structures of the APJR dimer and monomer complexed with its endogenous ligand apelin-13.

Coupling effect of cyanobacterial blooms with migration and transformation of typical pollutants in lake or reservoir: Enhanced or decreased?

Eutrophication of lake and reservoir caused by cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) become a global ecological problem because of massive destruction of ecosystems, which have attracted attentions widely. In addition to the production of cyanotoxins by certain bloom-forming species, there may also be direct or indirect interactions between cyanobacteria blooms and various pollutants in lakes or reservoirs. Based on bibliometrics, 19110 papers in Web of Science (WOS) and 2998 papers in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) on eutrophication and cyanobacterial blooms in lakes and reservoirs were analyzed, which showed that research on this topic has been ongoing for nearly 80 years with a gradual increase in its popularity.

Effect of Cavity Designs on Instrumentation, Obturation, and Fracture Resistance of Mandibular First Premolars With Vertucci V Canal.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the effect of cavity designs on instrumentation, obturation and fracture resistance for mandibular first premolars with Vertucci V canal.

Methods: Mandibular first premolars with Vertucci V canal were scanned with microcomputed tomography. A total of 20 teeth with moderately curved canal were prepared with conservative endodontic cavity (CEC/M) or traditional endodontic cavity (TEC/M), and 30 with severely curved canal were prepared with CEC (CEC/S), modified CEC (MCEC/S) or TEC (TEC/S).

CBL/Cbl-b mediates Fas degradation to reduce neuronal damage in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Fas has been shown to positively regulate the differentiation of T helper 17 (Th17) cells in mouse models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Fas protein expression is regulated by ubiquitination but has not been further studied. In this study, we investigated the role of the Fas ubiquitin ligase in Th17 cell differentiation and highlighted its potential as a therapeutic target for EAE.

HemaCisDB: An Interactive Database for Analyzing Cis-Regulatory Elements Across Hematopoietic Malignancies.

Noncoding cis-regulatory elements (CREs), such as transcriptional enhancers, are key regulators of gene expression programs. Accessible chromatin and H3K27ac are well-recognized markers for CREs associated with their biological function. Deregulation of CREs is commonly found in hematopoietic malignancies yet the extent to which CRE dysfunction contributes to pathophysiology remains incompletely understood.

The predictive value of estimated glucose disposal rate for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the US non-diabetic population aged ≥60 years: A population-based cohort study.

Aims: This study seeks to evaluate the prognostic significance of eGDR in predicting mortality outcomes within non-diabetic older adults.

Methods: 8131 non-diabetic participants aged ≥60 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2018) was included in this study. eGDR was calculated as: eGDR (mg/kg/min) = 21.

Fast Colorimetric Detection of HO and Glucose: A Way Based on Magnetic Nanoparticles Composed of Fe(PO)·8HO Isolated from CG-1.

In this study, Fe(PO)·8HO magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were successfully extracted from the strain CG-1. We subsequently characterized their composition, structure, and morphology, revealing that these nanoparticles consisted of Fe(PO)·8HO with an average diameter of 66.87 ± 0.