Back to chromite as a mineralogical strategy for long-term chromium pollution control.

Re-oxidation of Cr(III) in treated Cr-contaminated sites poses a considerable source of Cr(VI) pollution, necessitating stable treatment solutions for long-term control. This study explores the immobilization of Cr(VI) into chromite, the most stable and weathering-resistant Cr-bearing mineral, under ambient conditions. Batch experiments demonstrate chromite formation at pH above 7 and Fe(III)/Cr(III) ratios exceeding 1, with Fe(III) occupying all tetrahedral sites, essential for stability.

A Multi-omics Framework Based on Machine Learning as a Predictor of Cognitive Impairment Progression in Early Parkinson's Disease.

Introduction: Cognitive impairment (CI) is a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the diagnosis and prediction of CI progression in PD remain challenging. We aimed to explore a multi-omics framework based on machine learning integrating comprehensive radiomics, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, and genetics information to identify CI progression in early PD.

Tandem-controlled lysosomal assembly of nanofibres induces pyroptosis for cancer immunotherapy.

Pyroptosis has emerged as a promising approach for cancer immunotherapy. However, current pyroptosis inducers lack specificity for cancer cells and have a weak antitumour immune response. Here we report a tumour-specific nanoparticle (NP-NH-D) that activates pyroptosis by disrupting lysosomes for cancer immunotherapy.

Dual-Locked Fluorescence Probe for Monitoring the Dynamic Transition of Pulmonary Macrophages.

Pulmonary macrophages undergo dynamic changes in population, proportion, and polarization during respiratory diseases. Monitoring these changes is critical for understanding their roles in pathology, improving the diagnosis, and guiding drug development. However, current analytic methods based on tissue biopsy are invasive and static, limiting their ability to provide such dynamic information.

Urinary bioorthogonal reporters for the monitoring of the efficacy of chemotherapy for lung cancer and of associated kidney injury.

The utility of urinary tests for the monitoring of the treatment efficacy and adverse events of anticancer therapies is constrained by the low concentration of relevant urinary biomarkers. Here we report, using mice with lung cancer and treated with chemotherapy, of a urinary fluorescence test for the concurrent monitoring of the levels of a tumour biomarker (cathepsin B) and of a biomarker of chemotherapy-induced kidney injury (N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase). The test involves two intratracheally administered urinary reporters leveraging caged bioorthogonal click handles for the biomarker-dependent activation of 'clickability' and renal clearance, and the bioorthogonal click reaction of each renally cleared reporter with paired fluorescence indicators in the collected urine.

Cyano-Modified Multi-Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Emitters Towards Pure-Green OLEDs with a CIE Value of 0.74.

The development of pure-green organic emitters with ideal emission peaks and ultra-narrow full-widths at half-maximum (FWHMs) remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we report two new green emitters, CNBN and MCNBN, which achieve extremely narrow FWHMs by synergistic rigid π-extension and cyano-substitution of a sky-blue multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) core. The introduction of cyano groups induces red-shifts in the emission to the green region and dramatically minimizes the FWHMs.

Protective immunity induced by a novel P1 adhesin C-terminal anchored mRNA vaccine against infection in BALB/c mice.

(Mp), a unique pathogen devoid of a cell wall, is naturally impervious to penicillin antibiotics. This bacterium is the causative agent of pneumonia, an acute pulmonary affliction marked by interstitial lung damage. Non-macrolide medications may have potential adverse effects on the developmental trajectory of children, thereby establishing macrolides as the preferred treatment for in pediatric patients.

Sonodynamic Nano-LYTACs Reverse Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Extracellular and transmembrane proteins, which account for the products of approximately 40% of all protein-encoding genes in tumors, play a crucial role in shaping the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIME). While protein degradation therapy has been applied to membrane proteins of cancer cells, it has rarely been extended to immune cells. We herein report a polymeric nanolysosome targeting chimera (nano-LYTAC) that undergoes membrane protein degradation on M2 macrophages and generates a sonodynamic effect for combinational cancer immunotherapy.

Hub Metabolites Promote the Bioflocculant Production in a Biomass-Degrading Bacterium Pseudomonas boreopolis GO2.

Introduction: The low yield of bioflocculants has been a bottleneck problem that limits their industrial applications. Understanding the metabolic mechanism of bacteria that produce bioflocculants could provide valuable insights and strategies to directly regulate their yield in future.

Methods: To investigate the change of metabolites in the process of bioflocculant production by a biomass-degrading bacterium, Pseudomonas boreopolis GO2, an untargeted metabolome analysis was performed.

mA-modified cenRNA stabilizes CENPA to ensure centromere integrity in cancer cells.

mA modification is best known for its critical role in controlling multiple post-transcriptional processes of the mRNAs. Here, we discovered elevated levels of mA modification on centromeric RNA (cenRNA) in cancerous cells compared with non-cancerous cells. We then identified CENPA, an H3 variant, as an mA reader of cenRNA.

PMMA-induced biofilm promotes Schwann cells migration and proliferation mediated by EGF/Tnc/FN1 to improve sciatic nerve defect.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of PMMA-induced biofilm in nerve regeneration compared with silicone-induced biofilm involved in the mechanism.

Methods: PMMA or silicon rods were placed next to the sciatic nerve to induce a biological membrane which was assayed by PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and proteomics. A 10 mm sciatic nerve gaps were repaired with the autologous nerve wrapped in an induced biological membrane.

Ultrasound-guided joystick technique for percutaneous leverage reduction with Kirschner wires and external fixator in pediatric proximal humerus fractures: A clinical outcome study.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the clinical application efficacy of the ultrasound-guided Joystick technique for percutaneous leverage reduction in conjunction with Kirschner wires and external fixator in the treatment of difficult-to-reduce pediatric Salter-Harris II type proximal humerus fractures.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on children with Salter-Harris II type proximal humerus fractures, who failed manual closed reduction from January 2018 to March 2022. The group consisted of 7 males and 2 females, aged between 10 and 14 years.

Fluorescent and colorimetric dual-mode detection of Cu based on carbon dots.

A fluorescent and colorimetric dual-mode strategy based on carbon dots (CDs) was rationally designed for sensitive determination of Cu. Green fluorescent CDs with high absolute quantum yield of 72.9% were synthesized by facile one-step hydrothermal treatment of triethylenetetramine and Rose Bengal.

Alloy Reconstruction in Pyrolytic Bowknot-like Heteronuclear CoFe Clusters for Electrocatalytic Application.

The construction of doped molecular clusters is an intriguing way to perform bimetallic doping for electrocatalysts. However, efficiently harnessing the benefits of a doping strategy and alloy engineering to create a nanostructure for electrocatalytic application at the molecular level has consistently posed a challenge. Here we propose an in situ reconstruction strategy aimed at producing an alloy nanostructure through a pyrolysis process, originating from bowknot-like heterometallic clusters.

Dual-Locked Enzyme-Activatable Bioorthogonal Fluorescence Turn-On Imaging of Senescent Cancer Cells.

Bioorthogonal pretargeting optical imaging shows the potential for enhanced diagnosis and prognosis. However, the bioorthogonal handles, known for being "always reactive", may engage in reactions at unintended sites with their counterparts, resulting in nonspecific fluorescence activation and diminishing detection specificity. Meanwhile, despite the importance of detecting senescent cancer cells in cancer therapy, current methods mainly rely on common single senescence-associated biomarkers, which lack specificity for differentiating between various types of senescent cells.

Cell-free DNA: a promising biomarker in infectious diseases.

Infectious diseases pose serious threats to public health worldwide. Conventional diagnostic methods for infectious diseases often exhibit low sensitivity, invasiveness, and long turnaround times. User-friendly point-of-care tests are urgently needed for early diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognostic prediction of infectious diseases.

Prediction of Human Liver Microsome Clearance with Chirality-Focused Graph Neural Networks.

In drug candidate design, clearance is one of the most crucial pharmacokinetic parameters to consider. Recent advancements in machine learning techniques coupled with the growing accumulation of drug data have paved the way for the construction of computational models to predict drug clearance. However, concerns persist regarding the reliability of data collected from public sources, and a majority of current in silico quantitative structure-property relationship models tend to neglect the influence of molecular chirality.

New Strategies for Responding to SARS-CoV-2: The Present and Future of Dual-Target Drugs.

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in millions of deaths, posing a serious threat to public health and safety. Rapid mutations of SARS-CoV-2 and complex interactions among multiple targets during infection pose a risk of expiry for small molecule inhibitors. This suggests that the traditional concept of "one bug, one drug" could be ineffective in dealing with the coronavirus.