Two-dimensional identification of lower limb gait features based on the variational modal decomposition of sEMG signal and convolutional neural network.

Background: Gait feature recognition is crucial to improve the efficiency and coordination of exoskeleton assistance. The recognition methods based on surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals are popular. However, the recognition accuracy of these methods is poor due to ignoring the correlation of the time series of sEMG signals.

Long-term effects of chronic exposure to electronic cigarette aerosol on the cardiovascular and pulmonary system in mice: A comparative study to cigarette smoke.

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have rapidly gained popularity as alternatives to traditional combustible cigarettes. However, their long-term health impact remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic exposure to e-cigarette aerosol (ECA) in mice compared to conventional cigarette smoke (CS) exposure.

Accurate leukocyte detection based on deformable-DETR and multi-level feature fusion for aiding diagnosis of blood diseases.

In standard hospital blood tests, the traditional process requires doctors to manually isolate leukocytes from microscopic images of patients' blood using microscopes. These isolated leukocytes are then categorized via automatic leukocyte classifiers to determine the proportion and volume of different types of leukocytes present in the blood samples, aiding disease diagnosis. This methodology is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but it also has a high propensity for errors due to factors such as image quality and environmental conditions, which could potentially lead to incorrect subsequent classifications and misdiagnosis.

Inhalation of electronic cigarettes slightly affects lung function and inflammation in mice.

Electronic cigarettes have become increasingly popular, but the results of previous studies on electronic cigarette exposure in animals have been equivocal. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of electronic cigarette smoke (ECS) and cigarette smoke (CS) on lung function and pulmonary inflammation in mice to investigate whether electronic cigarettes are safer when compared to cigarettes. 32 specific pathogen-free BALB/c male mice were randomly grouped and exposed to fresh air (control), mint-flavored ECS (ECS1, 6 mg/kg), cheese-flavored ECS (ECS2, 6 mg/kg), and CS (6 mg/kg).

Cryptotanshinone alleviates lipopolysaccharide and cigarette smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in mice via the Keap1/Nrf2 axis.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity worldwide. Cigarette smoking, which leads to abnormalities in the airways or alveoli and persistent obstruction of the airway's flow, is a significant risk factor of COPD. Cryptotanshinone (CTS) is the active ingredient in Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) and has many pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antioxidant properties, but its impact on COPD is uncertain.

Cigarettes smoking and e-cigarettes using among university students: a cross-section survey in Guangzhou, China, 2021.

Background: There is an increase in the use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes worldwide, and the similar trends may be observed in young adults. Since 2014, e-cigarettes have become the most commonly used nicotine products among young adults (Sun et al., JAMA Netw Open 4:e2118788, 2021).

Enhancement of the heterogeneous adsorption and incorporation of uranium caused by the intercalation of β-cyclodextrin into the green rust.

The influence of intercalated anions on the structure and composition of green rusts supplies a theoretical possibility for the investigation of the structural modification of Fe/Fe (oxyhydr)oxide materials. β-Cyclodextrin was intercalated into the mixed-valent iron-based hydroxide layers to synthesize new green rust materials (β-CD GRs), pursuing high-capacity uranium (U) sorption. The molar ratios of Fe to Fe and the molar ratios of β-CD GR to Fe + Fe had a significant effect on the synthesis of β-CD GRs.

Generation of leaky mode resonance by metallic oxide nanocoating in tilted fiber-optic gratings.

This work investigates the excitation of dense comb-like enhanced leaky mode resonance (eLMR) in tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) integrated with indium tin oxide (ITO) nanocoating. The ITO overlay leads to a large reduction in mode loss and a great increase of propagation length for s-polarized leaky modes, which means the leaky modes become guided. The guidance of leaky modes enhances significantly the interaction with the core guided mode, which leads to the generation of strong dense comb-like eLMR.

Tuning the resonance of polarization-degenerate LP cladding mode in excessively tilted long period fiber grating for highly sensitive refractive index sensing.

This work presents a sensitive refractive index sensor based on the dual resonance of an excessively tilted long period fiber grating (Ex-TLPFG). The Ex-TLPFG is tuned to couple the guided core mode with only the polarization-degenerate cladding mode LP, which consists of TE/TM and HE vector modes. It is found that the p-polarized LP1,lp mode exhibits a higher sensitivity than that of the s-polarized LP1,ls mode.

Structure from motion with efficient homography-based line matching.

A novel structure from motion (SfM) pipeline that combines point features and line features together is presented in this paper. Line segments usually are more difficult to handle than points in SfM due to the instability of their end points and the property of being unconstrained by epipolar geometry. Our proposed method first implements a very robust and efficient line segment matching by applying homography and optical flow tracking.

Robust particle filter for state estimation using measurements with different types of gross errors.

For industrial processes, the state estimation plays a key role in various applications, such as process monitoring and model based control. Although the particle filter (PF) is able to deal with nonlinear and non-Gaussian processes, it rarely considers the influence of measurements with gross errors, such as outliers, biases and drifts. Nevertheless, measurements of dynamical systems are often influenced by different types of gross errors.

Diffraction in a stratified region of a high numerical aperture Fresnel zone plate: a simple and rigorous integral representation.

An algorithm for calculating the field distribution of a high numerical aperture Fresnel zone plate (FZP) in stratified media is presented, which is based on the vector angular spectrum method. The diffraction problem of FZP is solved for the case of a multilayer film with planar interfaces perpendicular to the optical axis. The solution is obtained in a rigorous mathematical manner and it satisfies the homogeneous wave equations.