Protective effect of Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharide on apoptosis and mitochondrial damage induced by pseudorabies virus in PK-15 cells.

Previous studies have confirmed that Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharide (PGPS) has the effects of regulating immunity and anti-apoptosis, but its effect on mitochondrial damage and apoptosis caused by PRV infection is still unclear. In this research, the effects of PGPS on the cell viability, mitochondria morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis caused by PRV based on PK-15 cells were respectively examined by CCK-F assay, Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos, JC-1 staining method and Western blot etc. CCK-F test results showed that PGPS had a protective effect on the decrease of cell viability caused by PRV.

Dehydroepiandrosterone exacerbates nigericin-induced abnormal autophagy and pyroptosis via GPER activation in LPS-primed macrophages.

As a widely acknowledged FDA-approved dietary supplement or over-the-counter medicines, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) exerts anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory function. Pyroptosis is an important form of programmed cell death (PCD), and which acts a key role in the body's anti-infection and inflammatory responses. But the effects and mechanisms of DHEA on pyroptosis remain unclear.

Protective effects of agrimonolide on hypoxia-induced H9c2 cell injury by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis.

Cardiomyocyte death caused by hypoxia is one of the main causes of myocardial infarction or heart failure, and mitochondria play an important role in this process. Agrimonolide (AM) is a monomeric component extracted from Agrimonia pilosa L. and has antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory effects.

Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharides inhibit Pseudorabies virus replication via downregulating virus-induced autophagy.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is one of the common pathogens in farms. Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharide (PGPS) has been reported with a variety of biological activities. Autophagy is one of the vital mechanisms for cells to cope with virus infection, and it may also inhibit or promote virus replication.

Inflammatory Injury and Mitophagy in the Cock Heart Induced by the Oral Administration of Hexavalent Chromium.

As a highly toxic heavy metal, chromium has caused a certain threat to public health and livestock breeding in recent years. In poultry, as one of our most commonly consumed meat product, its health issues will seriously threaten the safety of human life. As previous studies have confirmed, when cells are stimulated by the external environment, mitochondria, as an organelle that provides energy to the cells, can cause damage and autophagy.

Inflammatory injury and mitophagy of the brain in chicken exposed to Cr(VI).

The aim of this study is to determine whether Cr(VI) can induce inflammatory injury in chicken brain and influence mitophagy and related mechanisms. A total of 120 hyline brown chickens (1 day old, 20±3g) were selected and randomly divided into four groups and given different doses of Cr(VI) (0, 10, 30, and 50 mg/kg) every day at 45 days. Results showed that excessive intake of Cr(VI) led to increased tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels and decreased interferon-gamma (IF-γ) level.

Cr(VI) promotes tight joint and oxidative damage by activating the Nrf2/ROS/Notch1 axis.

This study aimed to investigate whether Cr(VI) induced tight joint and oxidative damage in the small intestine, as mediated by the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/reactive oxygen species (ROS)/Notch1 axis crosstalk. Thirty-two ICR mice were obtained and subjected to Cr(VI) via intragastric administration daily for 5 days. Western blot (WB) analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and immunofluorescence (IF) staining were applied to detect small intestinal damage, Nrf2, Notch1, and respective downstream targets in this research.

Platycodon grandifloras polysaccharides inhibit mitophagy injury induced by Cr (VI) in DF-1 cells.

This study aimed to investigate the role of Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharide (PGPS) in chromium (VI)-induced autophagy in a chicken embryo fibroblast cell lines (DF-1 cells). DF-1 cells were exposed to Cr (VI), PGPS, and Cr (VI) + PGPS, and their effects on cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and autophagy-related proteins were examined. The results showed that the cell viability was reduced after Cr (VI) treatment, and 3-MA, CsA or PGPS suppressed this decrease.

Mitophagy Induced by Mitochondrial Function Damage in Chicken Kidney Exposed to Cr(VI).

Cr(VI) is a heavy metal environmental pollutant and carcinogen. Excessive Cr(VI) exposure injures kidneys. This study aimed to investigate mitophagy induced by mitochondrial function damage in chicken kidney exposed to Cr(VI).

Antioxidant activity of whole grain highland hull-less barley and its effect on liver protein expression profiles in rats fed with high-fat diets.

Purpose: Whole grain exhibits potential for regulating lipid levels, possibly because of its antioxidant activity. This study aims to investigate the antioxidant activity of whole grain highland hull-less barley (WHLB) and its effect on liver protein expression profiles in rats fed with high-fat diets.

Methods: Antioxidant activity of WHLB was investigated in vitro by analyzing phenolic and pentosan contents and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC).