Visualization Experimental Study on Well Spacing Optimization of SAGD with a Combination of Vertical and Horizontal Wells.

For oil sand reservoirs, the steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) technique is one of the most efficient thermal recovery technologies. However, the high oil viscosity and the severe heat loss seriously affect the production effect of SAGD in developing thin oil sand reservoirs by the traditional SAGD technology. Therefore, it is essential to improve the SAGD technology to enhance the recovery of the thin oil sand reservoir.

The Past, Present, and Future of Dentoalveolar Surgery in China.

Dentoalveolar surgery, formerly known as dental surgery or oral surgery, is one of the basic branches of oral and maxillofacial surgery. While it has a long history; however, there are great differences in its evolution globally. This article presents a brief review on the development of dentoalveolar surgery internationally.

Gelatin microspheres containing calcitonin gene-related peptide or substance P repair bone defects in osteoporotic rabbits.

Objectives: To investigate the therapeutic effect of gelatin microspheres containing different concentrations of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or substance P on repairing bone defects in a rabbit osteoporosis model.

Results: Gelatin microspheres containing different concentrations of CGRP or substance P promoted osteogenesis after 3 months in a rabbit osteoporotic bone defective model. From micro-computed tomography imaging results, 10 nM CGRP was optimal for increasing the trabecular number and decreasing the trabecular bone separation degree; similar effects were observed with the microspheres containing 1 µM substance P.

The influence of the sensory neurotransmitter calcitonin gene-related peptide on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from ovariectomized rats.

In order to explore the effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from ovariectomized (OVX) rats, an OVX rat model was used. An ELISA was performed to examine the changes in CGRP level in the plasma and skeleton. The BMSCs from the sham rats were designated group A.

Thorough documentation of the accidental aspiration and ingestion of foreign objects during dental procedure is necessary: review and analysis of 617 cases.

Objectives: To review the cases of accidental aspiration and ingestion of foreign objects during dental procedure, and to emphasize the importance of thorough documentation of the accidents.

Methods: A comprehensive search on (dental procedure/treatment/practice), (aspiration/inhalation), and (ingestion/swallow) was performed for all years before 1st October 2014 available. The statistic analysis was made on the variables including journals and reported year, patients' age, gender, general conditions, dental procedure and location for procedure, foreign objects, site of involvement, possible causes, anesthesia during procedure and treatment, symptoms, treatment time and treatment modality, follow-up, and so on.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of puerarin-loaded PEGylated mesoporous silica nanoparticles.

Puerarin, which is extracted from Chinese medicine, is widely used in China and mainly used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Owing to its short elimination half-life in human beings, frequently intravenous administration of high doses of puerarin may be needed, which possibly leads to severe and acute side effects. The development of an effective sustained-release drug delivery system is urgently needed.

Influence of the lateral pterygoid muscle on traumatic temporomandibular joint bony ankylosis.

Background: The pathogenesis of traumatic TMJ ankylosis remains unclear. This study aimed to verify the role of the lateral pterygoid muscle in the pathogenesis of traumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) bony ankylosis.

Methods: Eight 6-month-old male sheep were used in this study.

[Chemical Constituents of Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Hypericum ascyron].

Objective: To study the chemical consituents of Hypericum ascyron.

Methods: The constituents were isolated and purified by chromatography on silica gel; the structure of the compound was determined by MS and NMR spectral analysis.

Results: On the basis of spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the reported data, they were identified as hyperoside( 1),hypercalin B( 2),hypercalin C( 3),1,7-dihydroxyxanthone( 4),2,3-dimethoxyxanthone( 5),1-hydroxy-7-methoxyxanthone( 6),rutin( 7),kaempferol( 8),toxyloxanthone B( 9),quercetin( 10),quercitrin( 11),β-daucosterol( 12) and β-sitosterol( 13).

Influence of preservation of the alveolar ridge on delayed implants after extraction of teeth with different defects in the buccal bone.

Our aim was to evaluate the influence of preservation of the alveolar ridge on delayed implants with different defects in the buccal bone. We enrolled 60 patients who had one posterior mandibular tooth extracted. Cone-beam computed tomography (CT) was used to measure the buccal bone defects in the alveolar ridge before the tooth was extracted (level A=3 to 5 mm, and level B=more than 5 mm).

Evaluation of reference gene suitability for quantitative expression analysis by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in the mandibular condyle of sheep.

Reference genes are commonly used as a reliable approach to normalize the results of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and to reduce errors in the relative quantification of gene expression. Suitable reference genes belonging to numerous functional classes have been identified for various types of species and tissue. However, little is currently known regarding the most suitable reference genes for bone, specifically for the sheep mandibular condyle.

[Clinical observation of a conservative treatment for large keratocystic odontogenic tumors in the mandible: enucleation followed by open packing].

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study is to present the long-term effects of open healing of keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) in the mandible.

Methods: A retrospective case series study was conducted on 41 patients with large KCOTs (the maximum diameter of the tumors exceeded 5 cm) treated at our institution between September 2003 and April 2011. A conservative surgical treatment was applied.

Alveolar ridge preservation with deproteinized bovine bone graft and collagen membrane and delayed implants.

To evaluate clinically and radiographically an alveolar ridge, preservation technique with deproteinized bovine bone graft and absorbable collagen membrane and then restoration with delayed implants were done. The study included 30 patients. The trial group's sockets were filled with deproteinized bovine bone graft (Bio-Oss) and covered with absorbable collagen membrane (Bio-Gide).

Improved sedation for dental extraction by using video eyewear in conjunction with nitrous oxide: a randomized, controlled, cross-over clinical trial.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a portable video eyewear entertainment system used in conjunction with nitrous oxide/oxygen sedation during the removal of impacted lower third molars.

Study Design: Thirty-eight patients had their bilateral third molars removed under local anesthesia and nitrous oxide/oxygen inhalation sedation in 2 visits. On one side, video eyewear was used (group NE).

Secondary healing after removal of large keratocystic odontogenic tumor in the mandible: enucleation followed by open packing of iodoform gauze.

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to present the findings of an open packing method after enucleation of large keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) in the mandible.

Patients And Methods: We performed a retrospective case series study of 27 patients with KCOTs larger than 5 cm treated at our institution between September 2003 and September 2008. A conservative surgical treatment was applied, which involved enucleation of the primary lesion and open packing of the residual osseous defect with iodoform gauze for secondary healing.

Prototyped flexible grafting tray for reconstruction of mandibular defects.

In our previous studies, prototyped individual bone-grafting trays have been used to restore discontinuous mandibular defects. However, the attempts have shown that the trays have shielded the graft from stress, which caused considerable resorption of bone. To eliminate the shielding, we designed a flexible tray.

The effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on the osseointegration of titanium dental implants.

Our aim was to record the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the osseointegration of endosseous dental implants in 10 New Zealand rabbits. One titanium implant with screw was inserted into the metaphyseal region of each femur and tibia in the knee joints of each rabbit, making a total of 40 implants. The area of one lateral knee joint, including implants, was irradiated with LIPUS for 10 min twice a day for 21 days.

The effect of chemical sympathectomy and stress on bone remodeling in adult rats.

Objectives: Bone remodeling has recently been revealed to be under sympathetic nerve control. The role of the sympathetic nerve system is not clearly understood. The present study aim to explore the effect of chemical sympathectomy and stress on bone remodeling in adult rats.

Effects of capsaicin-induced sensory denervation on bone metabolism in adult rats.

Bone metabolism has recently been revealed to be under nerve regulation. In this study, the integrity of the sensory innervation contributing to bone metabolism was examined by capsaicin-induced sensory neuron lesions. Eight-week-old male Wistar strain rats in a modeling phase of skeletal growth were divided into four groups (8 rats per group) and treated with capsaicin at one of three different doses (37.

Effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on bone formation during mandible distraction osteogenesis in a canine model--a preliminary study.

Purpose: To make a preliminary study of the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on new bone formation during mandible distraction osteogenesis in dogs.

Materials And Methods: Bilateral surgical cuts were made in mandibles of 7 dogs between the first and second premolar regions. Anterior mandibles were lengthened by 20 mm at the rate of 1 mm/day twice a day.

99mTechnetium-methylene diphosphonate bone imaging using low-intensity pulsed ultrasound: promotion of bone formation during mandibular distraction osteogenesis in dogs.

Our objective was to assess the value of (99m)technetium-methylene diphosphonate ((99m)Tc-MDP) bone imaging in the use of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound to promote bony formation during mandibular distraction osteogenesis in dogs. The body of the mandibles in 7 dogs were cut between the first and the second premolar and were lengthened at the rate of 1mm/day, twice a day, for 20 days. During the period of distraction one lateral distraction gap was irradiated with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) for 10min twice a day, and the other side was used as control.

Periodontal tissues changes in tooth-borne distraction osteogenesis: an experimental study of closure of wide alveolar bone defects in dogs.

We studied changes in periodontal tissue during maxillary dentoalveolar distraction osteogenesis using an intraoral tooth-borne distractor to close wide alveolar defects in four dogs. The dentoalveolar monofocal transport disc was made by complete horizontal subapical and vertical interdental osteotomy. Gradual distraction was started after a latency period of seven days at the rate of 0.