A simple and effective method for bladder blood clot evacuation using hydrogen peroxide.

Objective: Urinary retention caused by bladder clots can be frustrating because such blood clots are difficult to remove. We established a novel technique in which hydrogen peroxide is applied to evacuate bladder clots.

Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, we evaluated 31 patients with retention of blood clots in the bladder who underwent emergency evacuation using hydrogen peroxide.

The clinical study of en bloc transurethral resection with 980 nm laser for treatment of primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Objective: To elevate safety and efficacy of en bloc transurethral resection with 980 nm laser as treatment for primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Methods: Total 84 cases were enrolled in this study. Among them, 36 and 48 cases underwent treatment using the 980 nm laser and the traditional TUR-BT procedure, respectively.

Blockage of O-linked GlcNAcylation induces AMPK-dependent autophagy in bladder cancer cells.

Background: High levels of the post-translational modification O-GlcNAcylation (O-GlcNAc) are found in multiple cancers, including bladder cancer. Autophagy, which can be induced by stress from post-translational modifications, plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and regulating tumorigenesis. The impact of O-GlcNAcylation on autophagy in bladder cancer remains unclear.

Comparison of vaporization using 120-W GreenLight laser versus 2-micrometer continuous laser for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia: A 24-month follow-up study of a single center.

Objective: To evaluate safety, efficacy, and long-term outcomes of photoselective vaporization of prostate using 120-W HPS GreenLight KTP laser and compare the results with those obtained with 2-micrometer continuous-wave (2 um CW) laser for treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Materials And Methods: One group of 216 patients diagnosed with BPH underwent 120-W KTP laser vaporization of the prostate, while another group of 198 BPH patients underwent 2 um CW laser vaporization. The relevant pre-, peri-, and post-operative parameters were compared between the two therapy groups.

The status and characteristics of urinary stone composition in China.

Objectives: To explore characteristics of urinary stone composition in China, and determine the effects of gender, age, body mass index (BMI), stone location, and geographical region on stone composition.

Patients And Methods: We prospectively used Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to analyse stones from consecutive patients presenting with new-onset urolithiasis at 46 hospitals in seven geographical areas of China, between 1 June 2010 and 31 May 2015. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression analyses were used to determine associations between stone composition and gender, age, BMI, stone location, and geographical region.

A multicenter observational study of the real-world use of docetaxel for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in China.

Aim: To investigate the use of docetaxel for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in real-world clinical practice in China.

Methods: This single-arm, prospective, observational study was conducted at 32 study centers in China and included male patients aged ≥18 years with histologically confirmed prostate cancer who received ≥1 dose of docetaxel following failure of hormonal therapy (disease progression with serum testosterone <50 ng/dL). The primary aim was to investigate patterns of docetaxel treatment.

[Low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution for continuous bladder irrigation after transurethral resection of the prostate].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution (HPS) for continuous bladder irrigation after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data about 148 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treated by TURP from January 2013 to January 2016. Seventy-six of the patients received postoperative continuous bladder irrigation with 0.

Flexible Ureterorenoscopy Management of Calyceal Diverticular Calculi.

Objective: To introduce flexible ureterorenoscopy with holmium laser lithotripsy in the management of symptomatic caliceal diverticular calculi.

Materials And Methods: The records of 26 patients who underwent flexible ureterorenoscopy and lithotripsy with holmium laser to manage symptomatic caliceal diverticular calculi from January 2012 to June 2016 were retrospectively reviewed.

Result: Flexible ureterorenoscopy lithotripsy was successfully placed in all 26 patients.

Combined inhibition of JAK1,2/Stat3‑PD‑L1 signaling pathway suppresses the immune escape of castration‑resistant prostate cancer to NK cells in hypoxia.

Castration‑resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is difficult to treat in current clinical practice. Hypoxia is an important feature of the CRPC microenvironment and is closely associated with the progress of CRPC invasion. However, no research has been performed on the immune escape of CRPC from NK cells.

ATM‑JAK‑PD‑L1 signaling pathway inhibition decreases EMT and metastasis of androgen‑independent prostate cancer.

Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), also known as androgen-independent prostate cancer, frequently develops local and distant metastases, the underlying mechanisms of which remain undetermined. In the present study, surgical specimens obtained from patients with clinical prostate cancer were investigated, and it was revealed that the expression levels of ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM) were significantly enhanced in prostate cancer tissues isolated from patients with CRPC compared with from patients with hormone‑dependent prostate cancer. CRPC C4‑2 and CWR22Rv1 cells lines were subsequently selected to establish prostate cancer models, and ATM knockout cells were established via lentivirus infection.

Dual inhibition of BRD4 and PI3K-AKT by SF2523 suppresses human renal cell carcinoma cell growth.

Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) and PI3K-AKT are both important for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) development and progression. SF2523 is a BRD4 and PI3K-AKT dual inhibitor. The present study demonstrated that SF2523 was cytotoxic and anti-proliferative to established RCC cell lines (786-O and A498) and primary human RCC cells.

ELL2 regulates DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair in prostate cancer cells.

ELL2 is an androgen-responsive gene that is expressed by prostate epithelial cells and is frequently down-regulated in prostate cancer. Deletion of Ell2 in the murine prostate induced murine prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and ELL2 knockdown enhanced proliferation and migration in C4-2 prostate cancer cells. Here, knockdown of ELL2 sensitized prostate cancer cells to DNA damage and overexpression of ELL2 protected prostate cancer cells from DNA damage.

Suppression of STIM1 inhibits the migration and invasion of human prostate cancer cells and is associated with PI3K/Akt signaling inactivation.

Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) plays an important role in the invasion and migration of cancer cells. Stromal-interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) is a critical component in the SOCE. STIM1 has been attracting more and more attention due to its oncogenic potential.

Transrectal real-time tissue elastography targeted biopsy coupled with peak strain index improves the detection of clinically important prostate cancer.

The focus of the present study was to evaluate transrectal real-time tissue elastography (RTE)-targeted two-core biopsy coupled with peak strain index for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa) and to compare this method with 10-core systematic biopsy. A total of 141 patients were enrolled for evaluation. The diagnostic value of peak strain index was assessed using a receiver operating characteristic curve.

Breviscapine (BVP) inhibits prostate cancer progression through damaging DNA by minichromosome maintenance protein-7 (MCM-7) modulation.

Naturally occurring compounds are reported as effective candidates for prevention and treatment of various cancers. Breviscapine (BVP) is a mixture of flavonoid glycosides, derived from the Chinese herbs. Previous researches have indicated that BVP has comprehensive pharmacological functions.

microRNA-302c-3p inhibits renal cell carcinoma cell proliferation by targeting Grb2-associated binding 2 (Gab2).

The expression and biological function of Grb2-associated binding 2 (Gab2) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells was tested here. We showed that Gab2 expression was significantly elevated in human RCC tissues and RCC cells. It was correlated with over-activation of Akt and downregulation of microRNA-302c-3p ("miR-302c-3p"), a putative Gab2-targeting microRNA.

High expression of Rab25 contributes to malignant phenotypes and biochemical recurrence in patients with prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.

Background: Ras-related protein 25 (Rab25) functions either as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor with a cancer type-dependent manner. We aimed to investigate clinical significance of Rab25 in prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and immunohistochemistry were respectively performed to detect Rab25 mRNA and protein expression in PCa and adjacent non-cancerous prostate tissues.

Concurrent inhibition of mTORC1 and mTORC2 by WYE-687 inhibits renal cell carcinoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo.

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents a valuable oncotarget for treatment. We here tested the potential anti-RCC activity by a novel mTOR kinase inhibitor WYE-687in vitro and in vivo.WYE-687 was cytotoxic and anti-proliferative to established RCC cell lines (786-O and A498) and primary human RCC cells.

Comparison of 120 W 2-μm laser resection of the prostate outcomes in patients with or without preoperative urinary retention.

Introduction: The 2-μm (thulium) laser is a new surgical laser for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Aim: To report on the long-term outcome of 120 W TmLRP-TT in BPH patients with or without preoperative urinary retention.

Material And Methods: The study was conducted from May 2013 to April 2015 among patients who were diagnosed with BPH and underwent TmLRP-TT.

The efficacy and safety of 2-μm continuous laser in the treatment of high-risk patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Two-micrometer laser resection of prostate-tangerine technique dissects whole prostatic lobes off the surgical capsular, similar to peeling a tangerine. The present study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 2-μm continuous laser vaporization in the treatment of high-risk patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) during the 24-month follow-up. The study included 248 patients with moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms who underwent 2-μm continuous laser vaporization of the prostate.

Application of transrectal ultrasound-guided repeat needle biopsy in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in Chinese population: A retrospective study.

Background: Transrectal ultrasound-guided repeat needle biopsy (TUGRNB) is widely used for diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). However, significance of TUGRNB in Chinese population was rarely reported. A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the significance of TUGRNB applied in prediction of PCa in Chinese population.

Chemical characterization, anti-benign prostatic hyperplasia effect and subchronic toxicity study of total flavonoid extract of Pteris multifida.

The decoction of Pteris multifida had been applied to attenuate symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia in Chinese folk medicine. In this study, the total flavonoid extract of Pteris multifida was processed at first. High performance liquor chromatography and tandem mass spectrometer assay revealed 10 flavonoids as key constituents of this extract.

Long Non-coding RNAs in Urologic Malignancies: Functional Roles and Clinical Translation.

Early diagnosis and surveillance for metastasis and recurrences are critical issues of urologic cancer. Deregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been implicated in urologic malignancies and represents potential markers or therapeutic targets. However, the utility of lncRNA as biomarkers appears to be overstated due to heterogeneous or irreproducible results from different studies.

p46Shc Inhibits Thiolase and Lipid Oxidation in Mitochondria.

Although the p46Shc isoform has been known to be mitochondrially localized for 11 years, its function in mitochondria has been a mystery. We confirmed p46Shc to be mitochondrially localized and showed that the major mitochondrial partner of p46Shc is the lipid oxidation enzyme 3-ketoacylCoA thiolase ACAA2, to which p46Shc binds directly and with a strong affinity. Increasing p46Shc expression inhibits, and decreasing p46Shc stimulates enzymatic activity of thiolase in vitro Thus, we suggest p46Shc to be a negative mitochondrial thiolase activity regulator, and reduction of p46Shc expression activates thiolase.

SATB1 promotes prostate cancer metastasis by the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) plays important role in the regulation of chromatin structure and gene expression. Recent studies have indicated oncogenic role of SATB1. However, the function of SATB1 in prostate cancer progression and metastasis remains unclear.