Improving Lipid Content in the Diatom by the Knockdown of the Enoyl-CoA Hydratase Using CRISPR Interference.

The diatom shows potential as a source for biofuel production because of its considerable lipid content. Fatty acid β-oxidation plays a critical role in lipid breakdown. However, we still have a limited understanding of the role of fatty acid β-oxidation in lipid content in this microalga.

Effect of non-pharmacological interventions on pain in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of different non-pharmacological interventions for pain management in preterm infants and provide high-quality clinical evidence.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of various non-pharmacological interventions for pain management in preterm infants were searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from 2000 to the present (updated March 2023). The primary outcome was pain score reported as standardized mean difference (SMD).

Alternative Pathway to Phase Down Coal Power and Achieve Negative Emission in China.

Although widely recognized as the key to climate goals, coal "phase down" has long been argued for its side effects on energy security and social development. Retrofitting coal power units with biomass and coal co-firing with a carbon capture and storage approach provides an alternative way to avoid these side effects and make deep carbon dioxide emission cuts or even achieve negative emission. However, there is a lack of clear answers to how much the maximum emission reduction potential this approach can unlock, which is the key information to promote this technology on a large scale.

Size-segregated particle number concentrations and outpatient-department visits for pediatric respiratory diseases in Shanghai, China.

Background: Few studies have simultaneously explored which size of particles has the greatest impact on the risk for pediatric asthma, bronchitis and upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs).

Objectives: To investigate the short-term association between size-segregated particle number concentrations (PNCs) and outpatient-department visits (ODVs) for major pediatric respiratory diseases.

Methods: Daily counts of pediatric ODVs for asthma, bronchitis and URTIs were obtained from 66 hospitals in Shanghai, China, from 2016 to 2018.

Genome analysis of human respiratory syncytial virus in Fujian Province, Southeast China.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the main causes of acute respiratory infections (ARI) leading to a heavy disease burden. Reports on RSV in China are limited, especially in Fujian Province, and RSV whole-genome sequences in Fujian Province are not reported. This study aimed to explore the genomic characteristics of RSV to provide evidence for the development of vaccines and medicines.

The epidemiological characteristics of dengue in high-risk areas of China, 2013-2016.

Introduction: Dengue has become a more serious human health concern in China, with increased incidence and expanded outbreak regions. The knowledge of the cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological characteristics and the evolutionary dynamics of dengue in high-risk areas of China is limited.

Methods: Records of dengue cases from 2013 to 2016 were obtained from the China Notifiable Disease Surveillance System.

Incorporating health co-benefits into technology pathways to achieve China's 2060 carbon neutrality goal: a modelling study.

Background: The announcement of China's 2060 carbon neutrality goal has drawn the world's attention to the specific technology pathway needed to achieve this pledge. We aimed to evaluate the health co-benefits of carbon neutrality under different technology pathways, which could help China to achieve the carbon neutrality goal, air quality goal, and Healthy China goal in a synergetic manner that includes health in the decision-making process.

Methods: In this modelling study, we used Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 2 with no climate policy as the reference scenario, and two representative carbon neutrality scenarios with identical emission trajectories and different technology pathways-one was led by renewable energies and the other was led by negative emission technologies.

A rule-based method to downscale provincial level power sector projection results to plant level.

Usually, previous studies on the future development pathway of coal power are based on the economic models to provide the administrative pathways, or the coal-fired power plants dataset to provide bottom-up pathways with the multi-scenario hypothesis. However, these two methods above are difficult to be combined: there is a gap between the comprehensive consideration of economic, policy, and environmental factors, with the high spatial resolution of technology and space. This study narrows the gap between regional projection and unit data, and also considers the uncertainty of the operating units with the Monte Carlo Method.

Excretion of SARS-CoV-2 through faecal specimens.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic with increasing numbers of cases worldwide. SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus of COVID-19, is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets or through direct and indirect contact with an infected person. The possibility of potential faecal-oral transmission was investigated in this study.

A study of the relationship between human infection with avian influenza a (H5N6) and environmental avian influenza viruses in Fujian, China.

Background: Avian influenza A (H5N6) virus poses a great threat to the human health since it is capable to cross the species barrier and infect humans. Although human infections are believed to largely originate from poultry contaminations, the transmissibility is unclear and only limited information was available on poultry environment contaminations, especially in Fujian Province.

Methods: A total of 4901 environmental samples were collected and tested for Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) from six cities in Fujian Province through the Fujian Influenza Surveillance System from 2013 to 2017.

Emergence of waterfowl-originated gene cassettes in HPAI H7N9 viruses caused severe human infection in Fujian, China.

Background: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H7N9) virus emerged and caused human infections during the 2016-2017 epidemic wave of influenza A(H7N9) viruses in China. We report a human infection with HPAI H7N9 virus and six environmental isolates in Fujian Province, China.

Methods: Environmental surveillance was conducted in live poultry markets and poultry farms in Fujian, China.

Serotyping and Genetic Characterization of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)-Associated Enteroviruses of No-EV71 and Non-CVA16 Circulating in Fujian, China, 2011-2015.

BACKGROUND Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common contagious disease in infants; it is caused by multiple serotypes of human enterovirus (EV), which belongs to the enterovirus genus of the picornavirus family. According to sentinel surveillance, infection with EVs other than EV71 and CVA 16 have become increasingly common in recent years among HFMD patients, posing new challenges for HFMD control. This study aimed to explore the spectrum of serotypes in the other EVs (non-EV71 and non-CVA16) in Fujian province in southeastern China.

Epidemiological, clinical, and virologic features of two family clusters of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infections in Southeast China.

This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological, clinical, and virologic characteristics of avian influenza A (H7N9) confirmed cases from two family clusters in Southeast China. Epidemiological data of the H7N9 confirmed cases and their close contacts were obtained through interviews and reviews of medical records. Of the four patients in these two family clusters, two cases had mild symptoms, one had severe symptoms, and one died.

Epidemiological and etiological investigation of dengue fever in the Fujian province of China during 2004-2014.

Dengue fever (DF) is a vector-borne disease and a tremendous socioeconomic burden on tropical and subtropical countries worldwide. To explore the characteristics of DF epidemic in the Fujian province, information of DF cases in Fujian during 2004-2014 was collected and analyzed. The complete E genes of 48 viral isolates were amplified and sequenced for phylogenetic analysis.

Epidemiology and etiology of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Fujian province, 2008-2014.

Millions of cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) have been reported annually in mainland China since 2008. In this study, we investigated the epidemiology and etiology of an HFMD epidemic in Fujian province, which is located in subtropical southeastern China. Our study found similar epidemiological features of HFMD in southern areas of China, including seasonality and demographic distribution, as well as correlation between severity of illness and serotype.

[Molecular epidemiology of hand-foot-mouth disease associated pathogen Coxsackievirus A10 identified in Fujian province, 2011-2014].

Objective: To study the molecular epidemiology of hand-foot-mounth disease (HFMD) associated Coxsackievirus A10 (Cox A10) identified in Fujian province.

Methods: A total of 1 525 specimens from non-EV71 non-Cox A16 HFMD patients were collected during 2011-2014. Isolated virus strains were identified and sub-typed.

[Role of syndromic surveillance program in the practice of early detection on disease outbreak].

Objective: A Dengue outbreak was reported in Dongfen town Jianou county, Fujian province on September 19, 2014. The goal of this project was to explore the role of syndromic surveillance program in the practice of early detection on disease outbreak through the case mentioned above.

Methods: The authors retrospectively collected data related to Outpatient log and Pharmacy drug use in Dongfen township hospital through the electronic information system of the hospital from August to November, 2014.

Fragment-wise design of inhibitors to 3C proteinase from enterovirus 71.

Background: Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a causative agent of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), which can spread its infection to central nervous and other systems with severe consequence. A key factor in the replication of EV71 is its 3C proteinase (3C(pro)), a significant drug target. Peptidomimetics were employed as inhibitors of this enzyme for developing antivirals.

[Clinical characteristics of hospitalized severe acute respiratory illnesses (SARI) in children and risk factors analysis of severe illness: results from SARI patients under 15-year-old of sentinel surveillance in 10 cities, China].

Objective: To investigate clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized severe acute respiratory illnesses (SARI) patients under 15 years old registered by sentinel hospitals at 10 cities and risk factors analysis of severe illness.

Methods: The objects of this study were 2 937 SARI patients under 15 years old registered by sentinel surveillance in internal wards, pediatrics wards and intensive care units (ICU) of 10 sentinel hospitals in 10 cities during the period from December 2009 to June 2014. We also collected case report form (CRF) of them and their throat swabs for influenza testing.

[Clinical characteristics of hospitalized cases of severe acute respiratory infection with laboratory-confirmed influenza and the risk factors analysis of influenza infection for children under 15 years old in ten provinces in China during 2009-2014].

Objective: To identify clinical characteristics of hospitalized laboratory-confirmed influenza cases of children under 15 years old, and their risk factors of influenza infection.

Methods: Analyzing the reports of hospitalized laboratory-confirmed influenza cases of children under 15 years old who were detected by the sentinel surveillance systems in 10 provinces from December 2009 to June 2014. Such data as their demographic, medical history, clinical symptoms and signs, treatment and outcome were collected using questionnaires, with their clinical characteristics and their risk factors of influenza infection described.

[Molecular epidemiology of HFMD-associated pathogen coxsackievirus A6 in Fujian Province, 2011-2013].

In order to characterize the molecular epidemiology of HFMD-associated Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) in Fujian Province, a total of 1340 specimens from non-EV71 non-CVA16 HFMD patients were collected during 2011-2013. Isolated virus strains were identified and subtyped. Full-length coding regions for the VP1 gene of the predominant serotype CVA6 isolates were amplified and sequenced.

Neutralizing antibodies respond to a bivalent dengue DNA vaccine or/and a recombinant bivalent antigen.

There is currently no effective vaccine to prevent dengue infection, despite the existence of multiple studies on potential methods of immunization. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of DNA and/or recombinant protein on levels of neutralizing antibodies. For this purpose, envelope domain IIIs of dengue serotypes 1 and 2 (DEN-1/2)were spliced by a linker (Gly‑Gly‑Ser‑Gly‑Ser)3 and cloned into the prokaryotic expression plasmid pET30a (+) and eukaryotic vector pcDNA3.