Molecular Unravelling of the Structural Effect of Quinone Redox Mediators on Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Aprotic Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.

Redox mediators (RMs) provide tantalizing solutions to unlock the energy capabilities of aprotic lithium-oxygen (Li-O) batteries by driving solution-mediated LiO growth. However, the structural effect of RMs on the catalytic efficiency of the oxygen reduction reaction remains incompletely understood. Herein, we present the interplay between the structure of RMs and their discharge capabilities by a comparative study of model quinone (Q)-based RMs.

Mechanistic Study on Oxygen Reduction Reaction in High-Concentrated Electrolytes for Aprotic Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.

Highly concentrated electrolytes (HCEs) have energized the development of high-energy-density lithium metal batteries by facilitating the formation of robust inorganic-derived solid electrolyte interfaces on the lithium anode. However, the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) occurring on the cathode side remains ambiguous in HCE-based lithium-oxygen (Li-O) batteries. Herein, we investigate the ORR mechanism in a highly concentrated LiTFSI-CHCN electrolyte using ultra-microelectrode voltammetry coupled with in situ spectroscopies.

Cyclic di-GMP incorporates the transcriptional factor FleQ03 in Pseudomonas syringae MB03 to elicit biofilm-dependent resistance in response to Caenorhabditis elegans predation.

Bacteria usually form biofilms as a defense mechanism against predation by bacterivorous nematodes. In this context, the second messenger c-di-GMP from the wild-type Pseudomonas syringae MB03 actuates the transcriptional factor FleQ03 to elicit biofilm-dependent nematicidal activity against Caenorhabditis elegans N2. P.

Abnormal multimodal neuroimaging patterns associated with social deficits in male autism spectrum disorder.

Atypical social impairments (i.e., impaired social cognition and social communication) are vital manifestations of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients, and the incidence rate of ASD is significantly higher in males than in females.

Achieving High Efficiency and Stability in Organic Photovoltaics with a Nanometer-Scale Twin p-i-n Structured Active Layer.

In pursuing high stability and power conversion efficiency for organic photovoltaics (OPVs), a sequential deposition (SD) approach to fabricate active layers with p-i-n structures (where p, i, and n represent the electron donor, mixed donor:acceptor, and electron acceptor regions, respectively, distinctively different from the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structure) has emerged. Here, we present a novel approach that by incorporating two polymer donors, and , and one small-molecule acceptor, , into the active layer with sequential deposition, we formed a device with nanometer-scale twin p-i-n structured active layer. The twin p-i-n device involved first depositing a blend under layer and then a top layer and exhibited an improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) value of 18.

A study on the influencing factors of rural land transfer willingness in different terrain areas--Based on the questionnaire survey data of Anhui Province and Qinghai Province, China.

This study delves into the factors influencing the willingness of rural land transfers in different terrain areas, aiming to promote the improvement of land transfer institutions and accelerate the process of scale farming. Based on rural survey data from Anhui and Qinghai provinces in China, this research uses geographical detector and Binary Logistic Model to explore the differential factors affecting the willingness of farmers to participate in land contract transfer in the first and third terrain areas of China. The study examines four dimensions, including individual characteristics, family endowments, social support strategies, and geographical environment.

Associations between urban exposome and recurrence risk among survivors of acute myocardial infarction in Beijing, China.

Few previous studies have investigated the impacts of coexposure to multiple urban environmental factors on the prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) events. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between the urban exposome and AMI recurrence. We used data from 88,509 AMI patients from a large cohort obtained from the Beijing Cardiovascular Disease Surveillance System between 2013 and 2019.

Association of neighborhood physical activity facilities with incident cardiovascular disease.

Background: The availability of physical activity (PA) facilities in neighborhoods is hypothesized to influence cardiovascular disease (CVD), but evidence from individual-level long-term cohort studies is limited. We aimed to assess the association between neighborhood exposure to PA facilities and CVD incidence.

Methods: A total of 4658 participants from the Chinese Multi-provincial Cohort Study without CVD at baseline (2007-2008) were followed for the incidence of CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke.

Analyzing the Spatial Equity of Walking-Based Chronic Disease Pharmacies: A Case Study in Wuhan, China.

Chronic diseases place a substantial financial burden on both the patient and the state. As chronic diseases become increasingly prevalent with urbanization and aging, primary chronic disease pharmacies should be planned to ensure that patients receive an equitable distribution of resources. Here, the spatial equity of chronic disease pharmacies is investigated.

Measuring Accessibility to Healthcare Using Taxi Trajectories Data: A Case Study of Acute Myocardial Infarction Cases in Beijing.

Several methods have been applied to measure healthcare accessibility, ie, the Euclidean distance, the network distance, and the transport time based on speed limits. However, these methods generally produce less accurate estimates than actual measurements. This research proposed a method to estimate historical healthcare accessibility more accurately by using taxi Global Positioning System (GPS) traces.

Critical Factors Affecting the Catalytic Activity of Redox Mediators on Li-O Battery Discharge.

Redox mediators (RMs) have a substantial ability to govern oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in Li-O batteries, which can realize large capacity and high-rate capability. However, studies on understanding RM-assisted ORR mechanisms are still in their infancy. Herein, a quinone-based molecule, vitamin K1 (VK1), is first used as the ORR RM for Li-O batteries, together with 2,5-di--butyl-1,4-benzoquinone (DBBQ), to elucidate key factors on the catalytic activity of RMs.

Adaptive feedback threshold based demodulation for mobile visible light communication and positioning integrated system.

In this paper, a novel adaptive feedback threshold (AFT) based demodulation for mobile visible light communication and positioning (VLCP) integrated system is proposed. The AFT can vary with the received signal without excessive fluctuation and support communication and positioning in mobile environment. For the VLCP integrated system with single light emitting diodes (LED) and multiple photodetectors (PDs), maximal ratio combining (MRC) and received optical power ratio (ROPR) based on the AFT is further achieved for communication and positioning with high performance, respectively.

Overall and gender-specific associations between marital status and out-of-hospital coronary death during acute coronary events: a cross-sectional study based on data linkage in Beijing, China.

Objectives: To assess overall and gender-specific associations between marital status and out-of-hospital coronary death (OHCD) compared with patients surviving to hospital admission.

Design: A cross-sectional study based on linkage of administrative health databases.

Setting: Beijing, China.

Improved polar decoding for optical PAM transmission via non-identical Gaussian distribution based LLR estimation.

In this paper, an improved polar decoder based on non-identical Gaussian distributions is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for optical pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) interconnection. The principle of the polar coded PAM system is illustrated theoretically and the non-identical Gaussian distributions based log-likelihood ratio (LLR) estimation is introduced in the polar decoder to mitigate nonlinearity. Transmission systems of 28-Gbaud 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) and 8-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-8) based on commercial 10-GHz directly modulated laser (DML) are both demonstrated over 10-km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) in C-band without dispersion compensation.

Improved Blend Film Morphology and Free Carrier Generation Provide a High-Performance Ternary Polymer Solar Cell.

Non-fullerene organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have displayed the highest power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) among OPVs. Herein, we describe a two-donor (PM6, TPD-3F)/one-acceptor (Y6) ternary blend having an optimized blend morphology that leads to improved OPV performance. Because TPD-3F has a HOMO energy level deeper than that of PM6, the value of of the corresponding ternary device increased.

In situ imaging electrocatalytic CO reduction and evolution reactions in all-solid-state Li-CO nanobatteries.

Li-CO batteries are promising energy storage devices owing to their high energy density and possible applications for CO capture. However, still some critical issues, such as high charging overpotential and poor cycling stability caused by the sluggish decomposition of LiCO discharge products, need to be addressed before the practical applications of Li-CO batteries. Exploring highly efficient catalysts and understanding their catalytic mechanisms for the CO reduction reaction (CORR) and evolution reaction (COER) are critical for the application of Li-CO batteries.

Rational Design of Framework Nucleic Acids for Bioanalytical Applications.

With the advent of DNA nanotechnology, nucleic acids have been used building blocks for constructing various DNA nanostructures. As classical and simple DNA nanostructures, framework nucleic acids (FNAs) have attracted enormous attention in the field of biosensing. The sequence-specific self-assembly properties and high programmability of nucleic acids allow FNAs to be incorporated in advanced probe design.

Probing Lithium Carbonate Formation in Trace-O-Assisted Aprotic Li-CO Batteries Using in Situ Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

A trace-O-assisted aprotic Li-CO battery represents a promising approach for CO recycling. However, cathode passivation and large overpotential are frequently observed for current Li-CO batteries because of the insolubility and nonconductivity of the discharge product of lithium carbonate (LiCO). Toward maximizing the energy capabilities of the Li-CO electrochemistry, it is crucially important to have a fundamental understanding of the LiCO formation mechanism in Li-CO batteries.

Si-Bridged Ladder-Type Small-Molecule Acceptors for High-Performance Organic Photovoltaics.

In this study, we synthesized 5,11-dihexyl-4,4,10,10-tetraoctylbenzo[1,2- b:4,5- b']bisthieno[4″,5″- b″:4‴,5‴- b‴]silolo[2″,3″- d:2‴,3‴- d']thiophene (ArSi) as a ladder-type electron-rich core for the preparation of three acceptor-donor-acceptor-type nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs)-ArSiID, ArSiID-F, and ArSiID-Cl-featuring (3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1 H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (ID), 2-(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1 H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (ID-F), and 2-(5,6-dichloro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1 H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (ID-Cl) as peripheral electron-poor units, respectively. These molecules exhibit strong absorption covering the region of 600-850 nm. The incorporation of the halogen atoms onto the terminal units adjusted the energy levels and light-harvesting ability of these materials.