Publications by authors named "Yuwan Hao"
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on sequencing the complete mitochondrial genome of Oncomelania hupensis robertsoni, the sole intermediate host for Schistosoma japonicum in southwestern China, to understand its genetic variation.
- A total of 26 mitochondrial sequences were obtained, with genomes ranging from 15,181 to 15,187 base pairs and including 37 genes (13 protein-coding, 2 rRNA, and 22 tRNA).
- Findings revealed the presence of different strains of Oncomelania hupensis robertsoni, specifically the Yunnan and Sichuan strains, with the Yunnan strain further divided into northern and southern sub-branches, highlighting significant genetic differentiation in the species.
Article Synopsis
- - Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a significant disease in central and western China, transmitted by sandflies and affecting both people and animals.
- - Recent findings reveal VL hotspots in several border areas and a rapid increase in mountain zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (MT-ZVL) in multiple provinces from 2011 to 2022, with 671 cases reported in historically affected areas.
- - To combat the spread of MT-ZVL, public health recommendations include implementing One Health strategies, enhancing surveillance for sandflies and infected dogs, and ensuring timely diagnosis and treatment for patients.
Article Synopsis
- A 30-year-old pregnant woman in Shandong Province, China, was diagnosed with a persistent high fever, and high-throughput sequencing identified the presence of the parasite Trypanosoma dionisii in her blood.
- The patient showed symptoms like fever and respiratory issues but made a full recovery without long-term effects; genetic analysis revealed her infection was closely related to T. dionisii found in local bats.
- This case highlights T. dionisii as a potential zoonotic pathogen, emphasizing the risk of its transmission from wildlife, particularly rodents and bats, to humans.
Objective: To understand the epidemiological distribution characteristics of mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (MT-ZVL) in Yangquan City, Shanxi Province, China, from 2006 to 2021, to explore the influencing factors leading to the re-emergence of the epidemic, and to provide a basis for the formulation of targeted control strategies.
Methods: Case information spanning from 2006 to 2021 in Yangquan City was collected for a retrospective case-control study conducted from June to September 2022. A 1:3 matched ratio was employed.
Background: The elimination of schistosomiasis remains a challenging task, with current measures primarily focused on the monitoring and control of Oncomelania hupensis (O. hupensis) snail, the sole intermediate host of Schistosome japonicum. Given the emerging, re-emerging, and persistent habitats of snails, understanding their genetic diversity might be essential for their successful monitoring and control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Precision interventions have been proposed in transmission-interrupted areas to further reduce the potential transmission risk of schistosomiasis. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different interventions modes for potential transmission risk control.
Methods: Three groups of schistosomiasis-endemic villages were selected in Jiangling county, Hubei province.
Article Synopsis
- China is working towards eliminating schistosomiasis, but faces challenges in managing infection sources and controlling snails, leading to a study that uses deep learning and remote sensing to track livestock, specifically bovine, which spread the disease.
- Researchers developed two deep learning models, ENVINet5 and Mask R-CNN, using high-resolution images to identify and monitor bovine populations, achieving promising precision and recall metrics of up to 87.3% and 85.2%, respectively.
- When applied to real-world scenarios, the Mask R-CNN model performed better with a recognition rate of 90.5% for bovine in schistosomiasis-prone areas, demonstrating its potential for effective disease
Article Synopsis
- Schistosomiasis is a major neglected tropical disease, with snails serving as its only intermediate host and a key indicator of its occurrence.
- The study developed an ecological niche model to assess the geographical distribution of snails and identify schistosomiasis risk in China, using historical data and 25 environmental factors from 2005 to 2014.
- The model categorized risk areas into low, medium, and high, covering 10.96% of China's land area, proving to be an effective tool for evaluating schistosomiasis risk, especially in regions not monitored by existing control programs.
Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the most important neglected tropical diseases. Although VL was controlled in several regions of China during the last century, the mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (MT-ZVL) has reemerged in the hilly areas of China in recent decades. The purpose of this study was to construct an indicator framework for assessing the risk of the MT-ZVL in China, and to provide guidance for preventing disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is increasing in central and western China, particularly the mountain-type zoonotic variant (MT-ZVL), with 608 reported cases from 2019 to 2021, primarily affecting individuals aged 15 and older.
- The study utilized data from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and employed GIS software for spatial analysis, revealing significant clustering of cases mainly in Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces.
- Findings indicate a peak incidence from March to May and highlight peasants and infants as the high-risk populations, suggesting targeted interventions in the identified hotspots for effective prevention and control.
Article Synopsis
- Morbidity and prevalence of major parasitic diseases in China are decreasing, emphasizing the need for accurate diagnoses and timely treatments to enhance public health.
- A 2019 national competition revealed that participants had an overall accuracy of 80.44% in theoretical knowledge and 66.87% in slide interpretation for parasitic diseases, with notable accuracy differences based on endemic status.
- The findings aim to guide policymakers and health managers in identifying diagnostic gaps, strengthening capabilities, and improving control program quality for parasitic diseases.
With several decades of concerted control efforts, visceral leishmaniasis(VL) eradication had almost been achieved in China. However, VL cases continue to be detected in parts of western China recent years. Using data of reported cases, this study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and spatio⁃temporal distribution, of mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (MT-ZVL) in China between the years 2015 and 2019.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Flooding is considered to be one of the most important factors contributing to the rebound of Oncomelania hupensis, a small tropical freshwater snail and the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum, in endemic foci. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of intestinal schistosomiasis transmission impacted by flooding in the region around Poyang Lake using multi-source remote sensing images.
Methods: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data collected by the Landsat 8 satellite were used as an ecological and geographical suitability indicator of O.
Article Synopsis
- Parasitic diseases have been prevalent in China for a long time, but significant efforts over the past 70 years have reduced their impact, although challenges still remain.
- The surveillance-response system is essential for tracking public health issues, understanding patterns of disease spread, identifying outbreaks, and assessing the effectiveness of interventions.
- The article reviews the advancements in the surveillance system for parasitic diseases, highlighting the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases (NIPD)’s role and offering suggestions for improving the system to better control or eliminate these diseases.
Background: The freshwater snail is the obligate intermediate host for in China. Transcriptomic examination of snail-schistosome interactions can provide valuable information of host response at physiological and immune levels.
Methods: To investigate -induced changes in gene expression, we utilized high-throughput sequencing to identify transcripts that were differentially expressed between infected snails and their uninfected controls at two key time-point, Day 7 and Day 30 after challenge.
Oncomelania hupensis plays a significant role in the transmission of schistosomiasis japonica, which remains a major public health concern in China. Understanding the biological characteristics of O. hupensis is a prerequisite for its control; however, there are currently no studies investigating the intestinal microbiota of the O.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Spatial - temporal clustering analysis of schistosomiasis transmission risk in Yunnan Province from 2004 to 2015].
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi
August 2019
Objective: To explore the spatial-temporal clustering distribution of schistosomiasis transmission risk in Yunnan Province from 2004 to 2015, so as to provide scientific evidence for the future schistosomiasis control and consolidation of the control achievements.
Methods: All data pertaining to endemic situation of human and bovine schistosomiasis and snail survey at a township level in Yunnan Province from 2004 to 2015 were collected. A descriptive epidemiological method and Joinpoint model were used to describe the changing trends of infections in humans, bovine and snails, and the hotspots and clusters of schistosomiasis transmission risk were identified using spatial autocorrelation analysis, hotspots analysis and retrospective space-time scan statistic in Yunnan Province from 2004 to 2015.
The geographical distribution of snail (i.e., the intermediate host of schistosomiasis) is consistent with that of endemic areas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study investigates the relationship between the geographical distribution of snails (intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis) and environmental factors in endemic areas along the Yangtze River in China.
- The research utilizes high-resolution remote sensing to analyze environmental variables like NDVI, soil moisture, and proximity to water bodies that influence snail populations.
- Findings suggest that this remote sensing approach enhances the accuracy of predicting schistosomiasis risk areas, thus supporting national efforts in schistosomiasis control.
This study aimed to assess the competency of health professionals on helminthiasis control in China. The assessment system comprised of two parts, one being the parasitological knowledge test and the other a technical skills assessment. The knowledge test mainly examined morphology, epidemiology, life history and diagnosis of common and important parasites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Assessment of ability of professionals in parasitic disease control and prevention techniques in China, 2017].
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi
October 2018
Objective: To understand the professional theory, prevention and control practice, experimental diagnosis and other technical skills of parasitic diseases among technicians of all levels of disease control and prevention institutions, so as to provide the evidence for strengthening the capacity building of Chinese professional personnel.
Methods: According to the method of recommendation at all levels, the subjects from disease control and prevention institutions at province, prefecture or county levels were chosen to assess the theory of parasitic diseases and test operation skills by using the method of answering the questions together with on-site operations in China. A database was built consisting of subjects' basic information and assessment scores.
[Transmission risk matrix assessment of imported leishmaniasis in China].
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi
September 2018
Objective: To assess the risk of imported leishmaniasis in China, offering scientific evidences for leishmaniasis prevention and control.
Methods: The expert consultation method was used to establish a risk index system, and the risk matrix was used to evaluate the risk scales of leishmaniasis.
Results: This risk assessment indicator system included 3 first-grade indexes and 13 second-grade indexes to the aspect of risk probability.
[Epidemiological characteristics of echinococcosis death cases in China from 2008 to 2016].
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi
June 2018
Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of death cases of echinococcosis in China from 2008 to 2016, so as to provide an important reference for the prevention and control of echinococcosis.
Methods: The death information registration and management system data were selected to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the death cases of echinococcosis. The data were analyzed by SPSS 21.