Successful treatment of tuberculous meningitis in an Indian female under hemodialysis therapy.

Hemodialysis is a well-known risk factor for severe infection by putting patients under an immunocompromised state. Such patients are prone to opportunistic pathogen and present with atypical manifestations during infection. Tuberculous meningitis is a central nervous system infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, accounting for the highest mortality of all forms of tuberculosis.

[Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis presenting with ischemic optic neuropathy].

A 60-year-old man with a history of bronchial asthma and nasal polyp presented with loss of vision in the right eye. His visual loss progressed within a single day, and he presented to our hospital 5 days after the onset of the symptom. Fundoscopy showed swelling and hemorrhage of the right optic disc.

SARS-CoV-2-related Progressive Brain White Matter Lesion Associated with an Increased Cerebrospinal Fluid Level of IL-6.

We herein report a 49-year-old man with a fever, diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. After two weeks of hospitalization, he suddenly mentioned visual field impairment. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed white matter damage and vasogenic edema.

Multifocal motor neuropathy and visual pathway impairment: A case report.

Background: Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) occasionally presents with cranial nerve involvement. However, no MMN cases with visual pathway impairment demonstrated by visual evoked potential (VEP) have been reported.

Case Report: A 36-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with progressive muscular weakness.

Sonographic Multifocal Cranial Nerve Enlargement in Multifocal Acquired Demyelinating Sensory and Motor Neuropathy.

Multifocal enlargements with the alteration of a normal fascicular pattern are considered to be sonographic peripheral nerve features in multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor neuropathy (MADSAM), a subtype of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). We herein present the case of an 18-year-old patient with MADSAM in whom intensive sonological assessments revealed multifocal nerve enlargement within clinically affected cranial nerves. Our case demonstrated that, if systematically investigated with ultrasound, morphological changes similar to those in the peripheral nerves may be detected in a large proportion of clinically affected cranial nerves in MADSAM, boosting the future applications of cranial nerve ultrasound in CIDP.

Japanese Familial Cases of Frontotemporal Dementia and Parkinsonism with N279K Tau Gene Mutation.

Background: Mutations in the tau gene linked to chromosome 17 cause frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism (FTDP-17).

Objective: This study presents 3 Japanese familial cases diagnosed with N279K tau gene mutation, including 1 autopsy-confirmed case.

Methods: We compared the clinical presentations, cognitive functions, and images between the 3 familial cases diagnosed with N279K mutation.

Postoperative cerebral air embolism with delayed abnormal brain MRI findings.

Cerebral air embolism (CAE) is a rare but well-known complication resulting from invasive medical procedures; however, previous studies have not examined the postoperative longitudinal MRI changes in CAE. In particular, the likelihood that such changes may be observed after an initial delay when using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has not been explored. We herein report a case of CAE with no MRI abnormalities 4 h after a pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) procedure and where the first abnormality was found 22 h after the procedure.

A Case of Invasive Rhinosinusitis Presenting with Unilateral Visual Loss and Subsequently Associated with Meningitis, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, and Cerebral Infarction.

Visual impairment can occur because of several mechanisms, including optic nerve disease and occasionally fungal sinusitis. An 87-year-old man presented with the loss of right visual acuity; he was diagnosed with optic neuritis. Steroid pulse therapy was not effective.