Nutrient foramina of human fibula: morphometric analysis and clinical relevance.

Background: The fibula, situated laterally in the leg, receives vital nutrition through nutrient arteries during embryonic bone growth and early ossification. This study aims to assess the direction, distance, location, number, and foraminal index of nutrient foramina in dry fibulae from the South Indian population.

Materials And Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional analysis involved 63 dry adult human fibulae sourced from the Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Thandalam.

Zinc-exchanged montmorillonite clay: A promising slow-release nanofertilizer for rice (Oryza sativa L.).

This study is to examine zinc exchanged montmorillonite (Zn-MMT) as a potential slow release nanofertilizer for rice crop. The effective intercalation of zinc within the montmorillonite inter layers was firmly established via analytical techniques including Zeta potential, FE-SEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The efficacy of Zn-MMT was examined by evaluating its ability to facilitate controlled zinc release, as confirmed through an incubation study.

Evaluation of microalbuminuria in type-2 diabetes mellitus under oral hypoglycemic agents: Association with age, sex, BMI, and renal clearance.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing drastically and affecting the individuals globally, especially in the low- and middle-income countries like India. The poor glycaemic control results in micro-vascular and macro-vascular complications, leading to dysfunction of multiple organs. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the risk factors and microalbuminuria levels among patients with type 2 DM on oral hypoglycaemic agents.

A systematic investigation of detectors for low signal-to-noise ratio EMG signals.

Background: Active participation of stroke survivors during robot-assisted movement therapy is essential for sensorimotor recovery. Robot-assisted therapy contingent on movement intention is an effective way to encourage patients' active engagement. For severely impaired stroke patients with no residual movements, a surface electromyogram (EMG) has been shown to be a viable option for detecting movement intention.

Nano-fibre matrix loaded with multi-nutrients to achieve balanced crop nutrition in greengram (Vigna radiata L.).

This research paper focuses on exploring the possibility of delivering macro, micro and trace elements using seed encapsulation through nano-fibres that are known to improve the nutrient use efficiencies while reducing the loss of nutrients. The nano-fibres were developed using an electrospinning machine by subjecting the polymer solution (10% polyvinyl alcohol PVA) loaded with recommended quantities of nutrients under optimal solution (pH, concentration, viscosity) and process (voltage, flow rate, tip-to-collector distance) parameters. The nano-fibres were characterized using SEM, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, TGA and Impedance spectra besides nutrient release pattern by ICP-MS.

ChatGPT in medical libraries, possibilities and future directions: An integrative review.

Background: The emergence of the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT in November 2022 has garnered substantial attention across diverse disciplines. Despite widespread adoption in various sectors, the exploration of its application in libraries, especially within the medical domain, remains limited.

Aims/objectives: Many areas of interest remain unexplored like ChatGPT in medical libraries and this review aims to synthesise what is currently known about it to identify gaps and stimulate further research.

Gastric mucormycosis with splenic invasion a rare abdominal complication of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Mucormycosis (previously called zygomycosis or phycomycosis) is an uncommon opportunistic infection with the gastrointestinal form being the rarest occurrence and one of the most lethal infections known to humanity. The most common risk factors predisposing to develop gastric mucormycosis are uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, stem cell transplantation, or underlying any hematologic malignancy and major trauma. Pain abdomen, hematemesis, and melena are common symptoms which the patient presents.

Molecular Studies on the Nephroprotective Potential of against Lead-Acetate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Experimental Rats: Role of the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.

Chemicals can induce nephrotoxicity, with damage to different segments of the nephron and deterioration of renal function. Nephrotoxicity due to exposure to a toxin such as carbon tetrachloride, sodium oxalate, or heavy metals is the most common cause of kidney injury. The current study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of seed extract against lead-acetate-induced nephrotoxicity by evaluating the histopathology, immunohistochemistry, ultrastructure, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway.

Topological clustering of multilayer networks.

Multilayer networks continue to gain significant attention in many areas of study, particularly due to their high utility in modeling interdependent systems such as critical infrastructures, human brain connectome, and socioenvironmental ecosystems. However, clustering of multilayer networks, especially using the information on higher-order interactions of the system entities, still remains in its infancy. In turn, higher-order connectivity is often the key in such multilayer network applications as developing optimal partitioning of critical infrastructures in order to isolate unhealthy system components under cyber-physical threats and simultaneous identification of multiple brain regions affected by trauma or mental illness.

Carbon sphere-zinc sulphate nanohybrids for smart delivery of zinc in rice (Oryza sativa L).

The laboratory research was attempted to find nano zinc fertilizer utilizing the carbon sphere as a substrate. Typically the encapsulation techniques are followed in the drug delivery system, the limited work was done in nano-based zinc micronutrient for slow release of nutrients to crop. The use efficiency of zinc micronutrients in the soil is only less than 6 percentage.

Global responses of health science librarians to the COVID-19 (Corona virus) pandemic: a desktop analysis.

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges for health science librarians. During this pandemic, librarians are playing an active role by increasing the public's awareness of the virus, maintaining document delivery services and providing research support. This paper uses the method of desktop analysis of the websites of selected library associations to identify the responses of health science librarians to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Epistatic contributions promote the unification of incompatible models of neutral molecular evolution.

We introduce a model of amino acid sequence evolution that accounts for the statistical behavior of real sequences induced by epistatic interactions. We base the model dynamics on parameters derived from multiple sequence alignments analyzed by using direct coupling analysis methodology. Known statistical properties such as overdispersion, heterotachy, and gamma-distributed rate-across-sites are shown to be emergent properties of this model while being consistent with neutral evolution theory, thereby unifying observations from previously disjointed evolutionary models of sequences.

Ascertaining of age by Raman spectroscopic analysis of apical dentin - A forensic study.

Context: Age estimation in forensics employ various methods of which Raman microspectroscopy provides a noninvasive method by assessing various parts of dentin.

Aim And Objectives: The aim of this study is to ascertain the age of carious tooth using Raman spectra of apical dentin and to correlate the similarity of the spectra in a defined age group.

Settings And Design: Teeth of known age from Indian population (n=48) and morphology (incisors, canine, premolars, molars) indicated for extraction due to caries were allocated into four groups, i.

Correlation of Prostate Gland Size and Uroflowmetry in Patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms.

Introduction: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a common entity among men over 40 years of age with significant disability. It is a condition that occurs when the enlarged prostate gland compresses the urethra leading to Bladder Outlet Obstruction (BOO).

Aim: To correlate the size of the prostate gland and uroflowmetry parameters in patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS).

Banana peel culture as an indigenous medium for easy identification of late-sporulation human fungal pathogens.

Aim: Fungi are increasing in incidence as human pathogens and newer and rarer species are continuously being encountered. Identifying these species from growth on regular culture media may be challenging due to the absence of typical features. An indigenous and cheap medium, similar to the natural substrate of these fungi, was standardised in our laboratory as an aid to species identification in a conventional laboratory setting.

Rapid fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of salivary DNA of normal subjects and OSCC patients using ethidium bromide.

Recently, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) based biomarker(s) detection has been employed for cancer diagnosis. Earlier reports have suggested the presence of more DNA in the saliva of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) than normal by electrophoresis technique. Based on these, steady state and excited state kinetics of salivary DNA has been performed with 27 normal subjects and 67 OSCC patients saliva using ethidium bromide as a probe to look for the possibility in discrimination between them.

Fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of salivary metabolites of oral cancer patients.

A pilot study has been carried out using human saliva in differentiating the normal subjects from that of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients, using the autofluorescence spectroscopy at 405nm excitation. A markable difference in the spectral signatures between the saliva of normal subjects and that of oral cancer patients has been noticed. The possible reasons for the altered spectral signature may be due to the presence of endogenous porphyrin, NAD(P)H and FAD in the exfoliated cells from saliva.

Native Fluorescence and Time Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopic Characterization of Normal and Malignant Oral Tissues Under UV Excitation--an In Vitro Study.

The present work aims to investigates the native fluorescence and time resolved fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of oral tissues under UV excitation. The fluorescence emission spectra of oral tissues at 280 nm excitation were obtained. From the spectra, it was observed that the alteration in the biochemical and morphological changes present in tissues.

Methylation-mediated gene silencing of suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) gene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients of Kashmir valley.

Context: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Jammu and Kashmir. The negative regulation of tumor suppressor gene leading to change in signaling pathway is one of the major mechanisms responsible for tumorigenic transformation.

Objective: In the present study, the role of silencing of suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) gene, a negative regulator of JAK/STAT pathway, was analyzed in ESCC.

Association of cyclin D1 gene polymorphisms with risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Kashmir Valley: a high risk area.

Investigation of potential association of SNPs (G870A, rs9344; G1722C, rs678653) of cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) with susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in Kashmir valley (India). The study included 302 subjects comprising 151 ESCC cases and 151 controls. PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing were employed for genotyping.