Afferent and efferent connections of the secondary general visceral sensory nucleus in goldfish.

The secondary general visceral sensory nucleus (SVN) receives ascending fibers from the commissural nucleus of Cajal (NCC), or the primary general visceral sensoru in the medulla oblongata of teleosts. However, the full set of fiber connections of the SVN have been studied only in the Nile tilapia. We have investigated the connections of the SVN in goldfish by tracer injection experiments to the nucleus.

Combined Electric acoustic stimulation in a patient with otitis media with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.

There are few reports of the treatment for severe hearing loss due to otitis media with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (OMAAV) achieved by cochlear implantation (CI). Here, we have reported the case of a patient with severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss with low-frequency residual hearing by OMAAV. CI was performed in her right ear based on the results of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) and promontory stimulation test (PST).

Is the Conductive Hearing Loss in NOG-Related Symphalangism Spectrum Disorder Congenital?

We describe a dominant Japanese patient with progressive conductive hearing loss who was diagnosed with NOG-related symphalangism spectrum disorder (NOG-SSD), a spectrum of congenital stapes fixation syndromes caused by NOG mutations. Based on the clinical features, including proximal symphalangism, conductive hearing loss, hyper-opia, and short, broad middle, and distal phalanges of the thumbs, his family was diagnosed with stapes ankylosis with broad thumbs and toes syndrome (SABTT). Genetic analysis revealed a heterozygous substitution in the NOG gene, c.