Wide surgical margins may be necessary to reduce recurrence and mortality in patients with localized periosteal chondrosarcoma: retrospective analysis of twenty three patients and literature meta-analysis.

Purpose: Periosteal chondrosarcoma (PCS) is the rarest subtype of chondrosarcoma and is recognized as a low-grade malignant tumour, reported to have an 88% ten year overall survival rate. The relationship between surgical margins and clinical outcome is inconsistent; some authors claim that PCS can be successfully treated with marginal resection and others report more local recurrence and distant metastasis with marginal compared to wide resection. This study was intended to report the treatment and prognosis of localized PCS patients from the Japanese National Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Registry database and to perform a systematic review of the literature to determine the relationship between surgical margins and rates of local recurrence, distant metastasis, and mortality.

Response rate specific to bone metastasis of various cancers for immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved the prognosis of patients with cancer, such as melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and urothelial carcinoma. The extension of life expectancy has led to an increased incidence of bone metastases (BM) among patients with cancer. BM result in skeletal-related events, including severe pain, pathological fractures, and nerve palsy.

A Systematic Review of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Localized Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma.

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DDCS) is a high-grade subtype of chondrosarcoma with the bimorphic histological appearance of a conventional chondrosarcoma component with abrupt transition to a high-grade, non-cartilaginous sarcoma. DDCS can be radiographically divided into central and peripheral types. Wide resection is currently the main therapeutic option for localized DDCS.

Influences of comorbidities on perioperative rehabilitation in patients with gastrointestinal cancers: a retrospective study.

Background: Older patients are more likely to have comorbidities than younger patients, and multiple comorbidities are associated with mortality in patients with cancer. Therefore, we hypothesized that a functional comorbidity index could predict the therapeutic effects of rehabilitation.

Objectives: In this study, we investigate whether the comorbidities influenced the execution and therapeutic effects of rehabilitation.

Reconstruction after Talar Tumor Resection: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review investigated the functional outcomes and complications of reconstruction methods after talar tumor resection. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases identified 156 studies, of which 20 (23 patients) were ultimately included. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scores in the groups reconstructed using tibiocalcaneal fusion ( = 17), frozen autograft ( = 1), and talar prosthesis ( = 5) were 77.

Factors associated with functional disability or mortality after elective noncardiac surgery: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Preoperative prediction of functional status after surgery is essential when practicing patient-centered medicine. We aimed to evaluate the incidence and factors associated with postoperative functional disability or all-cause mortality. Secondarily, we sought to describe the trajectory of disability in this population.

Effect of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Localized Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: A Systematic Review.

A malignant giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB) is a rare primary malignant tumor classified as primary or secondary. Wide resection of the primary tumor is recommended for localized malignant GCTB, but the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy is unclear. A systematic review was performed to compare the mortality associated with wide resection with that of wide resection plus adjuvant chemotherapy for primary and secondary localized malignant GCTB.

Metastasectomy Versus Non-Metastasectomy for Giant Cell Tumor of Bone Lung Metastases.

Approximately 2% to 9% of giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) metastasizes systemically, mainly to the lungs. The biological behaviors and clinical courses of lung metastases are difficult to predict, and their treatment recommendations vary, including metastasectomy and non-metastasectomy with chemotherapy (denosumab, interferon-alfa, bisphosphonates), with radiation therapy, or with observation alone. However, it is unclear whether metastasectomy for GCTB lung metastases decreases the mortality rate of these patients.

Denosumab Does Not Decrease Local Recurrence in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone Treated With En Bloc Resection.

We performed a systematic analysis of existing studies to determine whether preoperative denosumab reduces the risk of local recurrence for patients with giant cell tumor of bone treated with en bloc resection and to address the optimal duration of preoperative denosumab with respect to the risk of local recurrence after en bloc resection. Denosumab did not decrease the risk of local recurrence after en bloc resection; the proportion of patients with local recurrence was 3.6% (2 of 56) in the en bloc resection with preoperative denosumab group vs 14.

Translation and validation of the Japanese Version of the Quality of Recovery-15 Questionnaire.

Purpose: Patient-reported outcomes after surgery and anaesthesia have recently attracted attention. A recent systematic review and a consensus guideline recommend that patients' recovery can be adequately measured using the quality of recovery-15 (QoR-15) during the perioperative period; however, the Japanese version of the QoR-15 (QoR-15J) is not available. We aimed to translate the QoR-15 into Japanese and assess its validity.

Effects of exercise on kidney and physical function in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at greater risk of early mortality and decreased physical function with an advance in the stage of CKD. However, the effect of exercise in these patients is unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the effects of physical exercise training on the risk of mortality, kidney and physical functions, and adverse events in patients with non-dialysis CKD.

Diagnostic test accuracy of jolt accentuation for headache in acute meningitis in the emergency setting.

Background: Meningitis is inflammation of the meninges, the layers that protect the brain and spinal cord. Acute meningitis is an emergent disease that develops over the course of hours to several days. Delay in treatment can lead to serious outcomes.

Is Treatment with Denosumab Associated with Local Recurrence in Patients with Giant Cell Tumor of Bone Treated with Curettage? A Systematic Review.

Background: Denosumab, a monoclonal antibody that binds to receptor activation of nuclear factor-kappa ß ligand (RANKL), has been used as a drug to treat aggressive giant cell tumors of bone. It is unclear whether preoperative denosumab therapy is associated with the local recurrence risk in patients with giant cell tumors of bone treated with curettage. Early evidence suggests that denosumab treatment is associated with a reduction in local recurrence, but other studies have questioned that premise.

Conclusiveness of Cochrane Reviews in physiotherapy: a systematic search and analytical review.

Numerous Cochrane Reviews (CRs) in the field of physiotherapy have been published, but their conclusiveness has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview and describe the conclusiveness of evidence from CRs regarding physiotherapy. We conducted a systematic search using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews in the Cochrane Library from 2008 through 2017 in the field of physiotherapy, the Physical Rehabilitation Evidence Database, and the CRs list on the Cochrane Rehabilitation website.

Prevalence and associated factors of preoperative functional disability in elective surgical patients over 55 years old: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: In preoperative settings, patients may have functional disabilities due to the disease for which surgery is being performed or comorbidities, but the associated and predictive factors remain unknown. This study examined the prevalence of preoperative functional disability and clarified the associated factors.

Methods: Individuals aged ≥ 55 years who were scheduled to undergo surgery in a tertiary-care hospital in Japan between April 2016 and September 2016 were eligible for enrolment in the study.

Clinical Utility of Intraoperative Motor-Evoked Potential Monitoring to Prevent Postoperative Spinal Cord Injury in Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm Repair: An Audit of the Japanese Association of Spinal Cord Protection in Aortic Surgery Database.

Background: Spinal cord ischemic injury is the most devastating sequela of descending and thoracoabdominal aortic surgery. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) have been used to intraoperatively assess motor tract function, but it remains unclear whether MEP monitoring can decrease the incidence of postoperative motor deficits. Therefore, we reviewed multicenter medical records of patients who had undergone descending and thoracoabdominal aortic repair (both open surgery and endovascular repair) to assess the association of MEP monitoring with postoperative motor deficits.

Higher success rate with transcranial electrical stimulation of motor-evoked potentials using constant-voltage stimulation compared with constant-current stimulation in patients undergoing spinal surgery.

Background Context: During spine surgery, the spinal cord is electrophysiologically monitored via transcranial electrical stimulation of motor-evoked potentials (TES-MEPs) to prevent injury. Transcranial electrical stimulation of motor-evoked potential involves the use of either constant-current or constant-voltage stimulation; however, there are few comparative data available regarding their ability to adequately elicit compound motor action potentials. We hypothesized that the success rates of TES-MEP recordings would be similar between constant-current and constant-voltage stimulations in patients undergoing spine surgery.

Feasibility, reliability, and validity of the Japanese version of the 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule-2 in preoperative patients.

Purpose: The avoidance of postoperative functional disability is one of the most important concerns of patients facing surgery, but methods to evaluate disability have not been definitively established. The aim of our study was to evaluate the feasibility, reliability, and validity of the Japanese version of the 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule-2 (WHODAS 2.0-J) in preoperative patients.

[Anesthesia management by residents does not alter the incidence of recall of tracheal extubation: a teaching hospital-based propensity score analysis].

Background And Objectives: The memory of emergence from anesthesia is recognized as one type of anesthesia awareness. Apart from planed awake extubation, unintentional recall of tracheal extubation is thought to be the results of inadequate anesthesia management; therefore, the incidence can be related with the experience of anesthetists. To assess whether the incidence of recall of tracheal extubation is related to anesthetists' experience, we compared the incidence of recall of tracheal extubation between patients managed by anesthesia residents or by experienced anesthetists.

Fosaprepitant versus droperidol for prevention of PONV in craniotomy: a randomized double-blind study.

Purpose: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication after craniotomy. Vomiting may be a potentially hazardous complication in neurosurgical patients. We compared the efficacy of fosaprepitant and droperidol for the prevention of PONV, vomiting in particular, after craniotomy.