[Refractory acute promyelocytic leukemia with a complex karyotype].

A 46-year-old woman was diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The patient was given remission induction therapy with all-trans retinoic acid, and complete remission was achieved. Despite consolidation therapies with arsenic trioxide, daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside (AraC), and gemtuzumab ozogamicin as well as maintenance therapy with tamibarotene, the patient experienced a relapse 6 months after the start of maintenance therapy.

Downregulation of extracellular vesicle microRNA-101 derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in myelodysplastic syndrome with disease progression.

To evaluate the mechanism underlying the communication between myeloid malignant and bone marrow (BM) microenvironment cells in disease progression, the current study established BM mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and assessed extracellular vesicle (EV) microRNA (miR) expression in 22 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and 7 patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplasia-related changes (AML/MRC). Patients with MDS were separated into two categories based on the revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R), and EV-miR expression in BM-MSCs was evaluated using a TaqMan low-density array. The selected miRs were evaluated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR.

Exosomal miRNA Signatures for Late-Onset Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Allogenic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Recent studies have demonstrated that exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have the potential of facilitating molecular diagnosis. Currently, little is known about the underlying mechanism behind late-onset acute graft-versus-host disease (LA GVHD). Identifying differentially expressed miRNAs in exosomes should be useful for understanding the role of miRNAs in this disease.

[Human herpesvirus-6 pneumonitis following autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation].

A-46-year-old man was diagnosed with peripheral T cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified. He achieved a complete remission after pirarubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone (THP-COP) therapy and successful autologous peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation (AutoSCT). However, 6 months post AutoSCT, he complained of fever.