Soil Organic Carbon Prediction Based on Vis-NIR Spectral Classification Data Using GWPCA-FCM Algorithm.

Soil visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy is an effective tool for the rapid estimation of soil organic carbon (SOC). The development of spectroscopic technology has increased the application of spectral libraries for SOC research. However, the direct application of spectral libraries for SOC prediction remains challenging due to the high variability in soil types and soil-forming factors.

Role of Pericytes in Cardiomyopathy-Associated Myocardial Infarction Revealed by Multiple Single-Cell Sequencing Analysis.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular death worldwide. AMI with cardiomyopathy is accompanied by a poor long-term prognosis. However, limited studies have focused on the mechanism of cardiomyopathy associated with AMI.

Commutability evaluation of candidate reference materials and ERM-DA470k/IFCC for immunoglobulin M using two international approaches.

Background: This study aimed to assess the commutability of frozen pooled human serum (PHS), high concentration of Immunoglobulin M (IgM) pure diluted materials (HPDM), commercialized pure materials (CPM), and dilutions of ERM-DA470k/IFCC in IgM detection using the CLSI and IFCC approaches, to support standardization or harmonization of IgM measurement.

Methods: Twenty-four serum samples, relevant reference materials (PHS, HPDM, CPM), and different ERM-DA470k/IFCC dilutions were analyzed in triplicate using six routine methods. The commutability of the relevant reference materials was carried out following CLSI EP30-A and IFCC bias analysis.

Design of improved four-coil structure with high uniformity and effective coverage rate.

Helmholtz coils have extensive applications in biological medicine, aerospace, and other industries depending on the simple structure and miraculous magnetic field characteristics. However, the uniform zone generated by them is not appropriate for scientific experiments with large devices. Due to the limitations of Helmholtz coils in application, a novel design technique is proposed to improve the homogeneity and region of magnetic field.

B cell-derived anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I antibody mediates hyperhomocysteinemia-aggravated hypertensive glomerular lesions by triggering ferroptosis.

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is a risk factor for chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) that affects about 85% CKD patients. HHcy stimulates B cells to secrete pathological antibodies, although it is unknown whether this pathway mediates kidney injury. In HHcy-treated 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K1C) hypertensive murine model, HHcy-activated B cells secreted anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I (βGPI) antibodies that deposited in glomerular endothelial cells (GECs), exacerbating glomerulosclerosis and reducing renal function.

Novel cardioprotective mechanism for Empagliflozin in nondiabetic myocardial infarction with acute hyperglycemia.

Patients with AMI and hyperglycemia upon hospital admission exhibited poorer prognosis compared with those without hyperglycemia. It is unknown whether SGLT2 inhibitors can also improve nondiabetic myocardial infarction (MI) with acute hyperglycemia and the underlying mechanisms. Here we demonstrated that hyperglycemia patients were more likely to have worse cardiac function levels, such as with Killip III/IV during hospitalization.

Saliva Mucin-like Protein Is Required for Feeding and Induces Rice Defences.

The white-backed planthopper (WBPH), , is one of the most important piercing-sucking pests of rice () in Asia. Mucin-like salivary protein (SFMLP) is highly expressed in the salivary glands of WBPH, which plays an important role in WBPH feeding. In this study, WBPH injected with had difficulty in sucking phloem sap from rice plants, which significantly reduced their food intake, weight, and survival.

T lymphocyte-derived extracellular vesicles aggravate abdominal aortic aneurysm by promoting macrophage lipid peroxidation and migration via pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme 2.

T lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration in the aortic wall is critical for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). However, how T lymphocytes interact with macrophages in the pathogenesis of AAA remains largely uncharacterized. In an elastase-induced murine AAA model, we first found that the expression of pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme 2 (PKM2), the last rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, was increased in infiltrated T lymphocytes of vascular lesions.

Comparison of GRACE and TIMI risk scores in the prediction of in-hospital and long-term outcomes among East Asian non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients.

Background: Risk stratification in non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) determines the intervention time. Limited study compared two risk scores, the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk scores in the current East Asian NSTEMI patients.

Methods: This retrospective observational study consecutively collected patients in a large academic hospital between 01/01 and 11/01/2017 and followed for 4 years.

The binding of autotaxin to integrins mediates hyperhomocysteinemia-potentiated platelet activation and thrombosis in mice and humans.

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is associated with an exaggerated platelet thrombotic response at sites of vascular injury. In this study, human medical examination showed that elevated human plasma Hcy levels correlated positively with enhanced blood coagulation and platelet activity, suggesting that humans with HHcy are more prone to thrombus formation at the sites of vascular injury. Accordingly, we observed accelerated platelet activation, primary hemostasis, and thrombus formation in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice with acute or chronic HHcy.

Combination of ablation and left atrial appendage closure as "One-stop" procedure in the treatment of atrial fibrillation: Current status and future perspective.

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common arrhythmia, is a major cause of stroke and systemic embolism. Left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) has been proved to be noninferior to traditional Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) as well as novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs), which is becoming an important alternative to prevent stroke in non-valvular AF. Catheter-based AF ablation (CA) is recommended to be a standard of care in patients with AF refractory to drug therapy due to a better rhythm control and improvement of life quality than antiarrhythmic drugs.

NSun2 regulates aneurysm formation by promoting autotaxin expression and T cell recruitment.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and aggravated by hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). It is unknown whether the homocysteine (Hcy)-activated RNA methyltransferase NOP2/Sun domain family member 2 (NSun2) is associated with AAA. Here, we found that NSun2 deficiency significantly attenuated elastase-induced and HHcy-aggravated murine AAA with decreased T cell infiltration in the vessel walls.

B cell-derived anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I antibody contributes to hyperhomocysteinaemia-aggravated abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Aims: Overactivated B cells secrete pathological antibodies, which in turn accelerate the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy) aggravates AAA in mice; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. In this study, we further investigated whether homocysteine (Hcy)-activated B cells produce antigen-specific antibodies that ultimately contribute to AAA formation.

Shikonin attenuates hyperhomocysteinemia-induced CD4 T cell inflammatory activation and atherosclerosis in ApoE mice by metabolic suppression.

T cell metabolic activation plays a crucial role in inflammation of atherosclerosis. Shikonin (SKN), a natural naphthoquinone with anti-inflammatory activity, has shown to exert cardioprotective effects, but the effect of SKN on atherosclerosis is unclear. In addition, SKN was found to inhibit glycolysis via targeting pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme 2 (PKM2).

T-cell-derived extracellular vesicles regulate B-cell IgG production pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme 2.

Intercellular communication between lymphocytes plays a fundamental role in numerous immune responses. Previously, we demonstrated that hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) induced T cell intracellular glycolytic-lipogenic reprogramming and IFN-γ secretion pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme 2 (PKM2) to accelerate atherosclerosis. Usually, B cells partially obtain help from T cells in antibody responses.

Homocysteine causes vascular endothelial dysfunction by disrupting endoplasmic reticulum redox homeostasis.

Endothelial dysfunction induced by hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) plays a critical role in vascular pathology. However, little is known about the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) redox homeostasis in HHcy-induced endothelial dysfunction. Here, we show that Hcy induces ER oxidoreductin-1α (Ero1α) expression with ER stress and inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and in the arteries of HHcy mice.

Transcriptomic and Expression Analysis of the Salivary Glands in Brown Planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae).

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stål (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), is a serious rice pest because of its destructive feeding. The salivary glands of the BPH play a key role in successful feeding. In this study, we explored the salivary gland transcriptome (sialotranscriptome) of adult BPHs using Illumina sequencing and a total of 55,913 transcripts and 45,421 unigenes were obtained.

GSNOR modulates hyperhomocysteinemia-induced T cell activation and atherosclerosis by switching Akt S-nitrosylation to phosphorylation.

The adaptive immune system plays a critical role in hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy)-accelerated atherosclerosis. Recent studies suggest that HHcy aggravates atherosclerosis with elevated oxidative stress and reduced S-nitrosylation level of redox-sensitive protein residues in the vasculature. However, whether and how S-nitrosylation contributes to T-cell-driven atherosclerosis remain unclear.

PKM2-dependent metabolic reprogramming in CD4 T cells is crucial for hyperhomocysteinemia-accelerated atherosclerosis.

Unlabelled: Inflammation mediated by activated T cells plays an important role in the initiation and progression of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy)-accelerated atherosclerosis in ApoE mice. Homocysteine (Hcy) activates T cells to secrete proinflammatory cytokines, especially interferon (IFN)-γ; however, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Metabolic reprogramming is critical for T cell inflammatory activation and effector functions.

Proteomic analysis of watery saliva secreted by white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera.

The white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera, is a phloem sap feeder that secretes watery and gelling saliva during feeding. In this study, we identified the major proteins in watery saliva of S. furcifera by shotgun LC-MS/MS analysis combined with transcriptomic analysis.

T-614 Promotes Osteoblastic Cell Differentiation by Increasing Dlx5 Expression and Regulating the Activation of p38 and NF-B.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by bone loss. Degree of inflammation has been identified as an important initiator of skeletal damage in RA. Iguratimod (T-614) is an anti-inflammatory agent which has been reported to show the inhibitory effect of bone destruction in RA.

Regulatory Effect of Iguratimod on the Balance of Th Subsets and Inhibition of Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: To expand upon the role of iguratimod (T-614) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we investigated whether the Th1, Th17, follicular helper T cells (Tfh), and regulatory T cells (Treg) imbalance could be reversed by iguratimod and the clinical implications of this reversal.

Methods: In this trial, 74 patients were randomized into iguratimod-treated (group A) and control (broup B) group for a 24-week treatment period. In the subsequent 28 weeks, both groups were given iguratimod.