Influence of exercise and dietary habits on the association of alpha-actinin-3 gene polymorphisms with physical function and body composition in community-dwelling individuals aged 60 years and older.

Aim: Alpha-actinin 3 (ACTN3) is associated with diminished physical function and muscle mass in older individuals. However, the effects of lifestyle on this relationship remain unclear. This study explored whether the association between ACTN3 polymorphisms and physical function and body composition varied based on exercise and dietary habits.

[The difference in effect between individual exercise and collective exercise in older adults with frailty-A randomized controlled trial].

Aim: To examine the influence of exercises, including individual and collective exercises, on older adults with frail and prefrail.

Methods: We enrolled 21 older adults with pre-frail and frail (77.1±3.

Coexistence of somatic and psychological symptoms of depression among community-dwelling older adults is associated with the incidence of dementia.

Background: Depression in old age is associated with the incidence of dementia. However, whether a combination of somatic and psychological symptoms influences the risk of dementia has not been fully investigated.

Objective: We aimed to determine the association between the combination of psychological and somatic symptoms of depression and the incidence of dementia.

Association between cardiovascular disease risk and sarcopenia in community-dwelling Japanese older adults.

Aim: Sarcopenia's high prevalence in older adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD) suggests that the risk of comorbidity in sarcopenia might also be increased during the at-risk phase of CVD. However, the relationship between CVD risk and sarcopenia has not been elucidated. Therefore, the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between CVD risk and sarcopenia in community-dwelling Japanese older adults.

Effect of eating alone and depression symptoms on incident disability among community-dwelling older adults.

Objectives: The intent of the present study was to elucidate the association of eating alone and depressive symptoms with the development of disability among community-dwelling older adults, using a longitudinal study.

Method: Participants included 4648 Japanese older adults (mean age 73.8 ± 5.

Importance of Lifestyle Activities for Older Adults' Psychosomatic Functions After Driving Cessation: Interpretation by a Mixed-Methods Study.

Older adults who cease driving are more likely to experience psychosomatic decline than those who continue driving. This mixed-methods study was intended to examine differences in psychosomatic functions depending on driving status and lifestyle activities, and factors affecting engagement in additional lifestyle activities after driving cessation. The quantitative analysis included individuals aged 60 and above.

Association between physical, cognitive, and social activities with the incident of sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults: a 4-year longitudinal study.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to comprehensively examine the association between inadequate physical activity (PA), cognitive activity (CA), and social activity (SA) and the development of sarcopenia.

Methods: We conducted a two-wave survey. In the first-wave survey, we asked participants five questions for each of the three categories-PA, CA, and SA.

Association of combined low physical activity and low dietary diversity with mild cognitive impairment among community-dwelling Japanese older adults.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the potential association between the combination of low physical activity and low dietary diversity with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older Japanese adults.

Methods: Data from 600 older adults (mean age 74.1 ± 6.

Associations between driving status, frequency of transport use after driving cessation, and social frailty among middle-aged and older people aged 60 years and older.

Background: The use of transport other than cars is a modifiable factor in the association between driving cessation and social frailty. Clarifying this relationship may serve as a new preventive measure against social frailty among current non-drivers. This study examined the potential association of driving status and transport use with social frailty, as well as between the frequency of transport use and social frailty, among current non-drivers.

Associations of Eating Out and Dietary Diversity with Mild Cognitive Impairment among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Background: Dementia is a critical late-life health issue that occurs among members of aging societies. This study examined the relationships between eating out, dietary diversity, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: We analyzed data from 597 older adults (median age 73.

Independent Association between Cognitive Frailty and Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Introduction: Although arterial stiffness has been suggested to be associated with poor physical function and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), its association with cognitive frailty (CF), a comorbidity of both, is unclear. This study aims to examine the association between CF and arterial stiffness in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 511 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older (mean age 73.

Association between dietary diversity and chronic kidney disease in community-dwelling older adults.

Objective: The present study examined whether dietary diversity is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in community-dwelling older Japanese adults.

Methods: Participants comprised 8,195 older adults (mean age was 74.0 ± 5.

Cross-sectional associations between sedentary time with cognitive engagement and brain volume among community-dwelling vulnerable older adults.

Aims: Vulnerable older adults tend to decrease physical activity (PA) and increase sedentary time (ST). Previous research on the associations between ST and brain volume have yielded inconsistent findings, without considering the impact of cognitive engagement (CE) on cognitive function. We aimed to examine the association between ST with CE and brain volume.

Association between dietary diversity and cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults.

Aim: The present study aimed to examine whether dietary diversity is associated with cognitive impairment, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI), in community-dwelling older Japanese adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in a general community setting. MCI and global cognitive impairment (GCI) were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination and National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Functional Assessment Tool, which are multicomponent neurocognitive tests that include memory attention, executive function and processing speed.

Effect of dietary diversity on incident of disability in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia: A 40-month follow-up longitudinal study.

Background: Sarcopenia is a clinical issue in older adults that leads to serious adverse health outcomes, including disability. The present study investigated whether dietary diversity affects the incidence of disability in older adults with sarcopenia.

Method: Participants were 759 Japanese older adults with sarcopenia (mean age 77.

Urinary incontinence and life-space activity/mobility additively increase the risk of incident disability among older adults.

Objectives: To examine the associations of a combination of urinary incontinence (UI) and life-space activity/mobility with the risk of incident disability among community-dwelling older adults.

Study Design: The participants were 12,808 older adults for the cross-sectional study and 12,516 older adults who completed the follow-up assessment.

Main Outcome Measures: UI was assessed using a questionnaire.

Overlapping status of frailty and fear of falling: an elevated risk of incident disability in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: Although overlapping frailty and fear of falling (FoF) are likely to increase with population aging, the combined effect of frailty and FoF on incident disability is not yet well understood.

Aims: The purpose of this study is to examine whether frailty combined with FoF increased the risk of incident disability in older adults. Our secondary purpose was to clarify the synergistic effect of frailty and FoF on incident disability.

Self-Monitoring of Physical, Cognitive, and Social Activities and 2-Year Disability Onset in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objectives: Self-monitoring of physical, cognitive, and social activities may be a means of helping older adults to adopt or maintain an active lifestyle, but its effect on disability onset is unknown. This study aimed to examine the association between self-monitoring of the activities and disability onset in older adults.

Design: Longitudinal, observational study.

Association between dietary diversity and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine whether dietary diversity is associated with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older Japanese adults.

Methods: We used a cross-sectional large cohort data set from the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Study of Geriatric Syndromes. Data from 9080 older adults (mean age 74 ± 5.

The association of white matter hyperintensities with motoric cognitive risk syndrome.

Background: The motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) was characterized by slow gait and subjective cognitive complaints. MCR was associated with brain structural changes. However, the association between white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and MCR was unclear and the aim of this study was to examine this association.

Associations of the Alpha-Actinin Three Genotype with Bone and Muscle Mass Loss among Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Bone and muscle mass loss are known to occur simultaneously. The alpha-actinin three (ACTN3) genotype has been shown to potentially affect bone and muscle mass. In this study, we investigated the association between the ACTN3 genotype and bone and muscle mass loss in community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 60 years.

Associations between Active Mobility Index and objectively measured physical activity among older adults.

Background: Active mobility index (AMI) is a questionnaire to assess going-out behavior with physical and social activity. The association between AMI scores and objectively measured physical activity (PA) in older adults is unknown.

Methods: Community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 70 years participated in an examination and wore a triaxial accelerometer for seven or more days.

Relationship between Diabetes Status and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with risk of sarcopenia. However, whether glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels are associated with sarcopenia has not reached a consensus. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between diabetes status based on HbA1c levels and sarcopenia indices in community-dwelling older adults stratified by body mass index (BMI) status.

Association between Active Mobility Index and sarcopenia among Japanese community-dwelling older adults.

Background: A physically active lifestyle, including physical and social activities, is needed to maintain muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. A large life space characterizes an active lifestyle, but the association between life space with physical and social activities and sarcopenia is unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between life space with physical and social activities, assessed using the Active Mobility Index (AMI), and sarcopenia in community-dwelling Japanese older adults.