Publications by authors named "Yuto Chiba"
Viruses are genetic elements that parasitize self-replicating cells. Therefore, organisms parasitized by viruses are not limited to animals and plants but also include microorganisms. Among these, viruses that parasitize fungi are known as mycoviruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis a species in the order Mucorales that is known to cause mucormycosis, but it is poorly understood as a host of viruses. Here, we examined 25 clinical strains of for viral infection with a conventional double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) assay using agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) and the recently established fragmented and primer-ligated dsRNA sequencing (FLDS) protocol. By AGE, five virus-infected strains were detected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Heterocapsa circularisquama RNA virus (HcRNAV) is the only cultured RNA virus that infects dinoflagellates, with only two fully sequenced strains (34 and 109).
- Researchers sequenced a new strain of HcRNAV (strain A8) using a novel method (FLDS), revealing a complete genome of 4457 nucleotides.
- The study found that strain A8 is a UA-type strain, differing by 80 nucleotides at the 5' end from previously sequenced strains, highlighting FLDS's reliability for terminal sequence determination.
We previously developed a noninvasive method for measuring blood calcium concentration (Ca) in Holstein cows on site using electrocardiographic (ECG) variables and calving number, based on a high positive correlation between Ca. Jersey cows easily develop peripartum hypocalcemia compared with other dairy cows. The early detection and treatment of hypocalcemia are particularly important for Jersey cows because delayed treatment can result in various complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - Current research primarily focuses on RNA viruses in well-studied hosts like animals, plants, and fungi, leaving a gap in our understanding of protist RNA viruses.
- - A study screened RNA viruses from 30 marine protist isolates and discovered a new virus called Haloplacidia narnavirus 1 (HpNV1).
- - Phylogenetic analysis identified HpNV1 as a novel member of the Narnaviridae family, suggesting that narnaviruses are more widely spread in Stramenopiles than previously recognized.
Article Synopsis
- This study explores the presence of viruses in wild Basidiomycota mushrooms to understand their ecological role and potential for biotechnological applications, a topic that has been less studied compared to other fungi.
- Researchers screened 51 fungal isolates for viral content using agarose gel electrophoresis and advanced sequencing techniques, revealing seven virus-like sequences, with five being confirmed as viruses after storage.
- The study identified and characterized seven new viral genome sequences across different RNA virus families, contributing significant insights into the diversity of viruses found in environmental samples.
RNA viruses in fungi (mycoviruses) are model systems for understanding the relationships between eukaryotic microorganisms and RNA viruses. To reveal the effects of mycoviruses on host fungi, it is essential to compare the phenotypes between isogenic fungal isolates with or without RNA virus infection. Since active entry machinery for RNA mycoviruses has never been identified, introducing mycoviruses to fungi is a difficult and time-consuming process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIsolated RNA viruses mainly parasitize eukaryotes. RNA viruses either expand horizontally by infecting hosts (acute type) or coexist with the host and are vertically inherited (persistent type). The significance of persistent-type RNA viruses in environmental viromes (the main hosts are expected to be microbes) was only recently reported because they had previously been overlooked in virology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersistent RNA viruses, which have been suggested to form symbiotic relationships with their hosts, have been reported to occur in eukaryotes, such as plants, fungi, and algae. Based on empirical findings, these viruses may also be present in commercially cultivated macroalgae. Accordingly, the present study aimed to screen red macroalgae (family Bangiaceae conchocelis and Neopyropia yezoensis thallus) and processed nori sheets (N.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Recent studies have challenged the idea that RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is solely encoded by a single open reading frame in non-retro RNA viruses, as divided RdRps have been found in fungal RNA viruses.
- These divided RdRps feature a common division point with specific motifs, categorized as type I divided RdRp, primarily observed in a particular viral clade.
- In this study focusing on deep sea-derived fungal strains, a new type II divided RdRp was discovered in Aspergillus tennesseensis narnavirus 1, indicating a greater variety of RdRp structures in viruses than previously recognized.
Article Synopsis
- The text addresses an error in the article referenced by the DOI: 10.1093/ve/veaa101.!* -
- It indicates that a correction has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information presented in that article.!* -
- Readers are encouraged to refer to the corrected version for the most reliable data and conclusions.!*
Article Synopsis
- Late male-killing is a phenomenon in the oriental tea tortrix where males die after hatching, suspected to be caused by an RNA virus.
- Researchers successfully isolated and identified the virus as Osugoroshi viruses (OGVs), which are related to a group of segmented double-stranded RNA viruses called Partitiviridae.
- The study is groundbreaking as it reveals the first instance of isolating a partiti-like virus in insects linked to late male-killing, although the complete viral genomic contents remain unidentified.
Article Synopsis
- Cutting-edge metagenome technology can change our understanding of RNA virus evolution, but it struggles with low-homology genomic regions, leading to underappreciation of viral diversity.
- To address this issue, the researchers used Fragmented and Primer-Ligated Double-stranded RNA Sequencing (FLDS) on 155 fungal isolates, resulting in a detailed catalog of 19 RNA viruses, many of which were undetectable by traditional methods.
- The study revealed unexpected genome structures, including segmented genomes and novel architectures in some viruses, challenging the belief that RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is always encoded as a single gene.
The filamentous fungal pathogen is one of the most common causal agents of invasive fungal infection in humans; the infection is associated with an alarmingly high mortality rate. In this study, we investigated whether a mycovirus, named AfuPmV-1M, can reduce the virulence of in a mouse infection model. AfuPmV-1M has high sequence similarity to AfuPmV-1, one of the polymycovirus that is a capsidless four-segment double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus, previously isolated from the genome reference strain of , Af293.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe lichen is a microbial consortium that mainly consists of fungi and either algae (Viridiplantae) or cyanobacteria. This structure also contains other bacteria, fungi, and viruses. However, RNA virus diversity associated with lichens is still unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtists provide insights into the diversity and function of RNA viruses in marine systems. Among them, marine macroalgae are good targets for RNA virome analyses because they have a sufficient biomass in nature. However, RNA viruses in macroalgae have not yet been examined in detail, and only partial genome sequences have been reported for the majority of RNA viruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF