Machine learning-enhanced assessment of potential probiotics from healthy calves for the treatment of neonatal calf diarrhea.

Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) remains a significant contributor to calf mortality within the first 3 weeks of life, prompting widespread antibiotic use with associated concerns about antimicrobial resistance and disruption of the calf gut microbiota. Recent research exploring NCD treatments targeting gut microbiota dysbiosis has highlighted probiotic supplementation as a promising and safe strategy for gut homeostasis. However, varying treatment outcomes across studies suggest the need for efficient treatment options.

Iron-Catalyzed One-Pot Cascade Reactions of Oximes with Inactivated Saturated Ketones: Entry to Highly Substituted Pyridines.

An iron-catalyzed oxidative [3 + 3] annulation of oxime esters with inactivated saturated ketones is described. This cascade strategy allows one-step rapid synthesis of various structurally important pyridines through an oxidative dehydrogenation/annulation/oxidative aromatization sequence via direct α,β-dehydrogenation of simple saturated ketones followed by annulation with oximes. This method shows good functional group tolerance, readily accessible starting materials, a wide substrate scope, high chemoselectivity, and no need for extra stoichiometric oxidant and is also applicable to the late-stage functionalization of natural products.

Persistence of Daptomycin-Resistant and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Hospitalized Patients with Underlying Malignancies: A 7-Year Follow-Up Study.

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) commonly colonize the gut of individuals with hematologic malignancies or undergoing hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) and may cause bacteremia. In 2012, we identified VRE isolates from patients and patients' rooms and showed transmission networks of highly genetically related daptomycin-resistant (DR)-VRE strains. This is a follow-up study performing whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenetic analyses on 82 clinical VRE strains isolated from stools and blood cultures of patients with leukemia and HCT between 2015 and 2019.

Conversion of Propargylic Amines with CO Catalyzed by a Highly Stable Copper(I) Iodide Thorium-Based Heterometal-Organic Framework.

The conversion of CO to generate high-value-added chemicals has become one of the hot research topics in green synthesis. Thereinto, the cyclization reaction of propargylic amines with CO is highly attractive because the resultant oxazolidinones are widely found in pharmaceutical chemistry. Cu(I)-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as catalysts exhibit promising application prospects for CO conversion.

Silver Metal-Organic Framework Derived N-Doped Carbon Nanofibers for CO Conversion into β-Oxopropylcarbamates.

Developing efficient heterogeneous catalysts for chemical fixation of CO to produce high-value-added chemicals under mild conditions is highly desired but still challenging. Herein, we first reported an approach to prepare a novel catalyst (Ag@NCNFs), featuring Ag nanoparticles (NPs) embedded within porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (NCNFs), via growing a Ag metal-organic framework on one-dimensional electrospun nanofibers followed by pyrolysis. Benefiting from the abundant nitrogen species and porous structure, Ag NPs is well dispersed in the obtained Ag@NCNFs.

Reliability and validity of a questionnaire measuring knowledge, attitude and practice regarding "oil, salt and sugar" among canteen staff.

Excessive intake of oil, salt and sugar is closely associated with the prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs). Canteen staff's knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) about oil, salt and sugar directly affect the content in dishes and the consumers' intake. However, no valid questionnaire is used to assess KAP among canteen staff about the "oil, salt and sugar".

Advancing understanding of microbial biofilms through machine learning-powered studies.

Microbial biofilms are prevalent in various environments and pose significant challenges to food safety and public health. The biofilms formed by pathogens can cause food spoilage, foodborne illness, and infectious diseases, which are difficult to treat due to their enhanced antimicrobial resistance. While the composition and development of biofilms have been widely studied, their profound impact on food, the food industry, and public health has not been sufficiently recapitulated.

Learning from magnetotactic bacteria: protects stem cells from oxidative damage.

Oxidative damage generally exists in stroke and impairs stem cells' survival; however, the problem is difficult to treat. In order to help stem cells to resist this damage, we inserted a magnetotactic bacteria (MB) gene, , into the neural stem cell genome by lentiviral transfection. It was found that the transfection of significantly improved the survival rate of stem cells in the condition of iron overload but not hypoxia.

Intelligent SERS Navigation System Guiding Brain Tumor Surgery by Intraoperatively Delineating the Metabolic Acidosis.

Surgeons face challenges in intraoperatively defining margin of brain tumors due to its infiltrative nature. Extracellular acidosis caused by metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells is a reliable marker for tumor infiltrative regions. Although the acidic margin-guided surgery shows promise in improving surgical prognosis, its clinical transition is delayed by having the exogenous probes approved by the drug supervision authority.

The Gut Microbiota of Newborn Calves and Influence of Potential Probiotics on Reducing Diarrheic Disease by Inhibition of Pathogen Colonization.

Calf diarrhea is one of the most concerning challenges facing both the dairy and beef cattle industry. Maintaining healthy gut microbiota is essential for preventing gastrointestinal disorders. Here, we observed significantly less bacterial richness in the abnormal feces with watery or hemorrhagic morphology compared to the normal solid feces.

Dissemination mechanisms of NDM genes in hospitalized patients.

Background: NDM-producing Enterobacteriaceae are a major clinical concern worldwide. We characterized NDM-positive pathogens isolated from patients and assessed the dissemination patterns of the genes in a hospital setting.

Methods: Eleven NDM-positive Enterobacteriaceae (three , six and two ) were isolated from nine patients over a 1 year period.

Preferential Targeting Cerebral Ischemic Lesions with Cancer Cell-Inspired Nanovehicle for Ischemic Stroke Treatment.

The poor drug delivery to cerebral ischemic regions is a key challenge of ischemic stroke treatment. Inspired by the intriguing blood-brain barrier (BBB)-penetrating ability of 4T1 cancer cells upon their brain metastasis, we herein designed a promising biomimetic nanoplatform by camouflaging a succinobucol-loaded pH-sensitive polymeric nanovehicle with a 4T1 cell membrane (MPP/SCB), aiming to promote the preferential targeting of cerebral ischemic lesions to attenuate the ischemia/reperfusion injury. In transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) rat models, MPP/SCB could be preferentially delivered to the ischemic hemisphere with a 4.

Draft Genome Sequence of a Burkholderia cepacia Complex Strain Isolated from a Human Intra-abdominal Abscess.

complex (Bcc) bacteria are opportunistic pathogens with high transmissibility and mortality. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of a Bcc strain isolated from a deep abscess culture in an immunocompetent patient with no relevant prior medical history.

Preliminary demonstration of in vivo quasi-steady-state CEST postprocessing-Correction of saturation time and relaxation delay for robust quantification of tumor MT and APT effects.

Purpose: Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is versatile for measuring the dilute labile protons and microenvironment properties. However, the use of insufficiently long RF saturation duration (Ts) and relaxation delay (Td) may underestimate the CEST measurement. This study proposed a quasi-steady-state (QUASS) CEST analysis for robust CEST quantification.

Diverse β-lactam antibiotic-resistant bacteria and microbial community in milk from mastitic cows.

Intramammary bacterial infection, the most common cause of mastitis, is the most costly disease in dairy cattle in the US and reason for antibiotic usage. Ceftiofur, a third-generation cephalosporin, is generally used to treat such disease, but it has a high treatment failure rate. Though the reason is not known clearly, it is hypothesized that multiple factors are associated with the treatment failure.

Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering-Guided Brain Tumor Surgery Showing Prognostic Benefit in Rat Models.

Glioma is the most frequent form of malignant brain tumors. Surgical debulking is a major strategy for glioma treatment. However, there is a great challenge for the neurosurgeons to intraoperatively identify the true margins of glioma because of its infiltrative nature.

New insights into SERCA2a gene therapy in heart failure: pay attention to the negative effects of B-type natriuretic peptides.

Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) is a target of interest in gene therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, the results of an important clinical study, the Calcium Upregulation by Percutaneous Administration of Gene Therapy in Cardiac Disease (CUPID) trial, were controversial. Promising results were observed in the CUPID 1 trial, but the results of the CUPID 2 trial were negative.

The function and significance of SERA2a in congestive heart failure: an analysis of gene therapy trials.

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a widespread disease that has a negative impact on health, worldwide. Despite advances in therapies, morbidity, mortality and hospital discharges due to CHF remain high. Advances in the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of CHF and the development of gene transfer technology have made gene therapy a realistic potential therapeutic method for CHF.

[The trend of stomach neoplasms mortality in Zhaoyuan County, from 1970 to 2004].

Objective: To understand the trend of gastric cancer mortality based on the exploration of the death data from 1970 to 2004 in Zhaoyuan County.

Methods: The death data of 1970-1974 were collected from the first malignant tumor death survey of China, and the data of 1985-2004 were derived from the cancer registration network of Zhaoyuan. The appreciation indexes were crude mortality rate and standardized mortality rates by the percentages of Chinese population in 1982 and the percentages of world population in 1966.