Could elective nodal irradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer be omitted in the context of total neoadjuvant therapy? An analysis of the recurrence sites of rectal cancer.

Purpose: This study aims to optimize neoadjuvant radiotherapy target area for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients undergoing total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) by examining local recurrence patterns.

Methods And Materials: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of rectal cancer patients who undergone local recurrence after surgery. Recurrence sites were categorized and compared with initial diagnosis imaging, focusing on visible and suspicious lesions.

Neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A case report of rectal small-cell undifferentiated carcinoma achieved pathological complete response.

Rationale: Small-cell undifferentiated carcinoma (SmCC), as an aggressive malignancy, are most commonly arising in lung. Extrapulmonary SmCC is rare. It was reported that SmCC accounts for only 0.

Spatial variations and vertical migration potentials of petroleum hydrocarbons with varying chain lengths in soils of different depths: Roles of solid and dissolved organic matters and soil texture.

Petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) in contaminated sites may threaten human health and ecological safety, while the environmental behaviors of PHs with varying carbon chains and critical influencing factors need to be elucidated, thus facilitating efficient risk management. This study explored the occurrence characteristics and spatial variations of different PHs at the depths of 0-10 m in an abandoned industrial site, as well as evaluated the effects of solid organic matter (SOM), dissolved organic matter (DOM), and soil texture on the migration potentials of PHs with varying carbon chains. Furthermore, the leaching potentials of different PHs were integrated into their risk assessment.

Theoretical Insights into the Mechanism and Origin of Solvent-Dependent Selectivity in the Cyclization of Propargyl Alcohols for the Divergent Synthesis of N-Heterocycles.

This study elucidates the mechanisms and principles governing chemoselectivity in synthesizing two distinct N-heterocycles, benzimidazole thiazine and benzothiazole imidazole, through BF•OEt-catalyzed cyclization reactions of propargyl alcohols with benzimidazole thiols. Employing density functional theory calculations, we highlight the crucial role of fluorine source in influencing chemoselectivity. In DCM, BF, as the catalytic center, coordinates with propargyl alcohol's hydroxyl group to form a precursor.

Mapping the landscape and exploring trends in macrophage-related research within non-small cell lung cancer: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis.

Background: Macrophages play a pivotal role in the research landscape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), contributing significantly to understanding tumor progression, treatment resistance, and immunotherapy efficacy. In this study, we utilized bibliometric techniques to analyze shifts in research hotspots and trends within the field, while also forecasting future research directions. These insights aim to offer guidance for both clinical therapeutic interventions and foundational scientific inquiries.

H-NS involved in positive regulation of glycerol dehydratase gene expression in 2e.

Glycerol dehydratase is the key and rate-limiting enzyme in the 1,3-propanediol synthesis pathway of , which determined the producing rate and yield of 1,3-propanediol. However, the expression regulation mechanism of glycerol dehydratase gene remains poorly unknown. In this study, a histone-like nucleoid-structuring (H-NS) protein was identified and characterized as the positive transcription regulator for expression in 2e, which exhibited high tolerance against crude glycerol in our previous study.

DebSDF: Delving Into the Details and Bias of Neural Indoor Scene Reconstruction.

In recent years, the neural implicit surface has emerged as a powerful representation for multi-view surface reconstruction due to its simplicity and State-of-the-Art performance. However, reconstructing smooth and detailed surfaces in indoor scenes from multi-view images presents unique challenges. Indoor scenes typically contain large texture-less regions, making the photometric loss unreliable for optimizing the implicit surface.

Multi-Interface Electromagnetic Wave Absorbing Material Based on Liquid Marble Microstructures Anchored to SEBS.

The direct application of liquid marbles in electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption is challenging due to their poor stability, susceptibility to gravitational collapse, and shaping difficulties. To address this issue, a novel strategy is proposed to incorporate liquid marble microstructures (NaCl/nano-SiO) encapsulated in organic phases (Octadecane) into the rubber-matrix (SEBS) using the ultrasound-assisted emulsion blending method. The resulting NaCl/SiO/Octadecane microstructures anchored to SEBS offer a substantial solid-liquid interface consisting of NaCl solution and SiO.

Low-valent-tungsten catalysis enables hydroboration of esters and nitriles.

In the research presented herein, low-valent-tungsten-catalyzed hydroboration of esters and nitriles was investigated. Aromatic and aliphatic substrates were smoothly reduced to corresponding alcohol derivatives and ,-diborylamines in the presence of W(CO)(NCMe). Valuable derivatives were conveniently accessed by introducing a further functionalization process to crude hydroboration mixtures in one pot.

Polyhexamethylene guanidine accelerates the macrophage foamy formation mediated pulmonary fibrosis.

Polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) is manufactured and applied extensively due to its superior disinfectant capabilities. However, the inhalatory exposure to PHMG aerosols is increasingly recognized as a potential instigator of pulmonary fibrosis, prompting an urgent call for elucidation of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Within this context, alveolar macrophages play a pivotal role in the primary immune defense in the respiratory tract.

Prognostic implications of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer receiving chemoimmunotherapy: A multicenter, real-world study.

Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are closely related to the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, but their effect on extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) remains uncertain.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in ES-SCLC patients treated with first-line atezolizumab or durvalumab and platinum-etoposide. Clinical data from three hospitals were analyzed.

Adult stem cells in the eye: Identification, characterisation, and therapeutic application in ocular regeneration - A review.

Adult stem cells, present in various parts of the human body, are undifferentiated cells that can proliferate and differentiate to replace dying cells within tissues. Stem cells have specifically been identified in the cornea, trabecular meshwork, crystalline lens, iris, ciliary body, retina, choroid, sclera, conjunctiva, eyelid, lacrimal gland, and orbital fat. The identification of ocular stem cells broadens the potential therapeutic strategies for untreatable eye diseases.

Long-lasting UV-blocking Mechanism of Lignin: Origin and Stabilization of Semiquinone Radicals.

Semiquinone (SQ) radicals play a critical role in the long-lasting UV-blocking application of lignin, while their origin and stable structure are unclear. Here, the organosolv lignin extracted from poplar (OL-P) is self-assembled into normal micelles (LNM) with more phenolic hydroxyl groups on the surface, and reverse micelles (LRM) with more methoxyl groups on the surface. After 12 h UV irradiation, the SQ radical contents in LNM and LRM increase 33% and 78% respectively.

Endothelial Progenitor-Cell-Derived Exosomes Induced by Astragaloside IV Accelerate Type I Diabetic-wound Healing via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Rats.

Objective: We explore the effects of endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-derived exosomes (EPCexos) and of astragaloside IV (ASIV)-stimulated EPCexos (ASIV-EPCexos) on type I diabetic-wound healing, and determine the basic molecular mechanisms of action.

Methods: EPCs were exposed to different concentrations of ASIV to generate ASIV-EPCexos. A chronic-wound healing model involving streptozotocin-stimulated diabetic rats was established.

Biochemical and molecular characterization of a novel glycerol dehydratase from Klebsiella pneumoniae 2e with high tolerance against crude glycerol impurities.

Background: The direct bioconversion of crude glycerol, a byproduct of biodiesel production, into 1,3-propanediol by microbial fermentation constitutes a remarkably promising value-added applications. However, the low activity of glycerol dehydratase, which is the key and rate-limiting enzyme in the 1,3-propanediol synthetic pathway, caused by crude glycerol impurities is one of the main factors affecting the 1,3-propanediol yield. Hence, the exploration of glycerol dehydratase resources suitable for crude glycerol bioconversion is required for the development of 1,3-propanediol-producing engineered strains.

Porphyrin Supramolecular Nanoassembly/CN Nanosheet S-Scheme Heterojunctions for Selective Photocatalytic CO Reduction toward CO.

The photocatalytic reduction of CO with HO into valuable chemicals is a sustainable carbon-neutral technology for renewable energy; however, the photocatalytic activity and product selectivity remain challenging. Herein, an S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst with superior CO photoreduction performance─porous CN (CN) nanosheets anchored with zinc(II) tetra(4-cyanophenyl)porphyrin (ZnTP) nanoassemblies (denoted as ZnTP/CN)─was designed and prepared via a simple self-assembly process. The constructed ZnTP/CN heterojunction had rich accessible active sites, improved CO absorption capacity, and high charge carrier separation efficiency caused by the S-scheme heterojunction.

Botryosphaeria dothidea Mycotic Keratitis: A Novel Phytopathogen Causing Human Infection.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to report the first case of mycotic keratitis caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea .

Methods: A 29-year-old man developed a fungal infection after being hit with chestnut thorns in the left eye. In vivo confocal microscopy, microbial culture, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were used in the diagnosis of mycotic keratitis.

Case Report: Intervention of radiotherapy improves the prognosis of rectal squamous cell carcinoma with high PD-L1 expression and enable patients to obtain NED status.

Background: Rectal squamous cell carcinoma (RSCC) is a rare malignancy of the rectal tumor. Due to its extremely low incidence, there is still a lack of high-level treatment evidence and clinical consensus on this disease.

Case Report: In this article, we report a treatment process of RSCC with high PD-L1 expression.

Assessing the predictive value of clinical factors to pathological complete response for locally advanced rectal cancer: An analysis of 124 patients.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical factors affecting pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).

Methods: Clinical data of 124 LARC patients treated with nCRT and surgery in the fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from 2014 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. In this study, univariate analysis and logistic dichotomous multivariate regression analysis were used to study the clinical factors affecting pCR, and the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to further verify the accuracy of partial indexes in predicting pCR.

The inhibition of p38 MAPK blocked inflammation to restore the functions of rat meibomian gland epithelial cells.

Meibomian glands (MGs) are vital for ocular surface health. However, the roles of inflammation in the progression of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) are largely unknown. In this study, the roles of the inflammation factor interleukin-1β (IL-1β) via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway on rat meibomian gland epithelial cells (RMGECs) were explored.

A cross-sectional study on burnout and its individual and environmental correlates among hepatological surgery nurses in Hunan Province, China.

Background: Burnout is a widespread occupational phenomenon among nurses with significant adverse outcomes for nurses, patients, and society. It is thus important and urgent to understand burnout and its risk factors to guide interventions. This study aimed to examine the level of burnout and explore its individual and environmental correlates.