Transcriptional heterogeneity of catabolic genes on the plasmid pCAR1 causes host-specific carbazole degradation.

To elucidate why plasmid-borne catabolic ability differs among host bacteria, we assessed the expression dynamics of the P promoter on the carbazole-degradative conjugative plasmid pCAR1 in KT2440(pCAR1) (hereafter, KTPC) and CA10. The P promoter regulates the transcription of both the and operons, which are responsible for converting carbazole into anthranilate and anthranilate into catechol, respectively. In the presence of anthranilate, transcription of the P promoter is induced by the AraC/XylS family regulator AntR, encoded on pCAR1.

Colonic Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for a Granular Cell Tumor with Insufficient Endoscopic Manipulation in the Hepatic Flexure.

This report describes a granular cell tumor (GCT) with insufficient endoscopic manipulation in the hepatic flexure (HF) of the colon, which was treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) using a splinting tube and the spring S-O clip traction method. A 44-year-old man presented with a 10 mm subepithelial tumor in the HF near the ascending colon on colonoscopy. The lesion had a smooth surface without erosion.

Esophageal achalasia with severe malnutrition and liver enzyme elevation.

A 70-year-old woman presented dysphagia and postprandial vomiting, and weight loss of about 15 kg in one year. She was markedly emaciated with a body mass index of 12.4 kg/m and had difficulty in movement.