Publications by authors named "Yutaka Oji"
Exercise Habits in People with Parkinson's: A Multinational Survey.
Mov Disord Clin Pract
November 2024
Article Synopsis
- Exercise improves physical function, cognition, and quality of life for people with Parkinson's (PwP), but participation levels vary among individuals.
- A survey of 2,976 PwP found that 40.6% exercised regularly, with higher activity linked to group workouts, weightlifting, and use of muscle-building equipment.
- Factors promoting exercise included education level, receiving advice from doctors, being diagnosed at a younger age, while issues like falls and bothersome symptoms deterred exercise participation.
Background: Chronic constipation is a common digestive complication of Parkinson's disease (PD).
Objectives: To verify the usefulness of elobixibat, an ileal bile acid transporter inhibitor, for chronic constipation in PD.
Methods: This double-blind, placebo-controlled study consisted of a 2-week observation/washout period and a 4-week treatment period.
Objectives: To investigate the construct validity of the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), which was developed to assess trunk impairment in patients with stroke, in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).
Design: This retrospective, cross-sectional study enrolled consecutive PD inpatients. Correlation analysis was performed to clarify whether the TIS assessment was related to other balance functions, lower extremity muscle strength, or walking ability.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates midbrain atrophy's occurrence in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) compared to Lewy body disease (LBD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) using MRI scans.
- Two cohorts were analyzed: one with pathologically diagnosed patients including LBD, PSP, multiple system atrophy, and corticobasal degeneration, and another with clinically diagnosed PD.
- The results indicated that while midbrain atrophy is a strong indicator for PSP, some patients with LBD and PD also exhibited midbrain atrophy, suggesting the need for further analysis in diagnosis.
Article Synopsis
- * The study validated the use of smartwatches in both hospital and home settings, showing better performance in motor symptom assessments during clinical evaluations compared to single-sensor metrics.
- * Results indicated that digital measurements are sensitive to medication effects and reliable in real-world environments, with varying reliability depending on the frequency of data collection.
Article Synopsis
- Missense variants in the LRRK2 gene are linked to both familial and sporadic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD), with differing pathological features among patients.
- A case study discussed features a patient with the LRRK2 G2385R variant, who experienced early responsive parkinsonism and advanced visual hallucinations, along with significant brain pathology.
- Findings included the presence of Lewy bodies, neurofibrillary tangles, and biochemical changes indicating increased LRRK2 activity, which contribute to the damaging brain environment seen in this variant of PD.
Article Synopsis
- The MDS Video Challenge is a popular session at the International Congress, emphasizing complex case presentations through videos.
- Past cases have highlighted unique neuroimaging findings, leading to the creation of two anthologies: one on genetic conditions and another on acquired conditions.
- Each case includes clinical details, neuroimaging findings, characteristic features of the disorder, and differential diagnoses for clarity.
Article Synopsis
- Chronic constipation significantly affects the quality of life for patients with Parkinson's disease, and the laxative elobixibat's effectiveness in treating this condition is being evaluated through a controlled study.
- The study includes a 2-week observation phase followed by a 4-week treatment period where patients track their bowel movements and medication use, comparing elobixibat to a placebo.
- To ensure ethical compliance, the research follows strict guidelines and the findings will be shared through an online study registry after completion.
Background: Although pathological studies usually indicate pure dopaminergic neuronal degeneration in patients with parkin (PRKN) mutations, there is no evidence to date regarding white matter (WM) pathology. A previous diffusion MRI study has revealed WM microstructural alterations caused by systemic oxidative stress in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), and we found that PRKN patients have systemic oxidative stress in serum biomarker studies. Thus, we hypothesized that PRKN mutations might lead to WM abnormalities.
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- The study focuses on 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP)-treated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, which are used as a model for Parkinson's disease.
- It presents metabolic analysis of both cell lysate and culture supernatants using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOFMS).
- The resulting data highlights mitochondrial dysfunction and irregular choline metabolism in the MPP-exposed SH-SY5Y cells, as discussed in a related research article.
Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the progressive loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, and mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in its pathogenesis. This study aimed to establish an imaging-based, semi-automatic, high-throughput system for the quantitative detection of disease-specific phenotypes in dopaminergic neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from patients with familial PD having Parkin or PINK1 mutations, which exhibit abnormal mitochondrial homeostasis. The proposed system recapitulates the deficiency of mitochondrial clearance, ROS accumulation, and increasing apoptosis in these familial PD-derived neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The objective of this study was to determine comprehensive metabolic changes of caffeine in the serum of patients with parkinsonian disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and multiple system atrophy (MSA) and to compare this with healthy control serum.
Methods: Serum levels of caffeine and its 11 downstream metabolites from independent double cohorts consisting of PD (n = 111, 160), PSP (n = 30, 19), MSA (n = 23, 17), and healthy controls (n = 43, 31) were examined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The association of each metabolite with clinical parameters and medication was investigated.
Article Synopsis
- Genetic variability in lysosomal storage disorders has been linked to Parkinson's disease, particularly through mutations in the prosaposin (PSAP) gene.
- Three distinct pathogenic mutations were identified in the PSAP saposin D domain from families with autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease, with further genetic analysis revealing no additional variants in known related genes.
- A case-control study indicated that two specific intronic variants of PSAP had higher frequencies in sporadic Parkinson's cases, and experiments showed these mutations led to motor decline and neurodegeneration in mice, providing new insights into PSAP's role in Parkinson's disease.
Nonmercaptalbumin as an oxidative stress marker in Parkinson's and PARK2 disease.
Ann Clin Transl Neurol
March 2020
Objective: To investigate the oxidized albumin ratio, which is the redox ratio of human nonmercaptalbumin (HNA) to serum albumin (%HNA), as a biomarker in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD) and related neurodegenerative disorders.
Methods: This prospective study enrolled 216 iPD patients, 15 patients with autosomal recessive familial PD due to parkin mutations (PARK2), 30 multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients, 32 progressive nuclear palsy (PSP) patients, and 143 healthy controls. HNA was analyzed using modified high-performance liquid chromatography and was evaluated alongside other parameters.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to find specific plasma biomarkers for multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), as current biomarkers mainly focus on imaging rather than blood samples.
- Researchers analyzed plasma samples from 20 PSP patients, 16 MSA patients, and 20 healthy controls using advanced mass spectrometry techniques, seeking metabolic differences.
- Results showed 15 metabolites significantly altered in MSA and 8 in PSP, with MSA linked to elevated fatty acids and neurosteroids, while PSP showed changes in oxidative stress markers, suggesting potential for developing diagnostic tests.
Metabolomic analysis revealed mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant choline metabolism in MPP-exposed SH-SY5Y cells.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
November 2019
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP)-treated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells have been generally accepted as a cellular model for Parkinson's disease. To understand comprehensive metabolic disturbances in this model, both cell lysates and culture supernatants were subjected to metabolomic analysis. As expected from the fact that MPP inhibits mitochondrial complex I, a metabolic shift from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis was indicated by an increase in extracellular lactic acid and a parallel depletion of pyruvic acid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Aging is the highest risk factor for Parkinson disease (PD). Under physiological conditions, spermidine and spermine experimentally enhance longevity via autophagy induction. Accordingly, we evaluated the ability of each polyamine metabolite to act as an age-related, diagnostic, and severity-associated PD biomarker.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Variants in the MAPT gene are linked to genetic tauopathies, which are a type of frontotemporal dementia (FTD).
- In a study of 165 cases, researchers discovered two new MAPT variants: p.P160S and p.K298_H299insQ, associated with different forms of FTD and progressive supranuclear palsy.
- Laboratory tests showed that these variants led to abnormal behavior in tau proteins, such as reduced microtubule assembly and increased aggregation, potentially contributing to neurodegeneration.
Metabolomics-based identification of metabolic alterations in PARK2.
Ann Clin Transl Neurol
March 2019
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on how mutations in the PARK2 gene, linked to autosomal recessive familial Parkinson's disease, may disrupt metabolic pathways, leading to altered serum metabolomics profiles in affected individuals.
- Researchers analyzed serum samples from 15 PARK2 patients and 19 healthy controls, identifying significant differences in metabolite levels, particularly higher fatty acid metabolites and oxidized lipids, alongside lower levels of antioxidants and caffeine-related compounds.
- The findings suggest a relationship between parkin dysfunction, lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress, indicating that serum metabolomics could be a valuable tool for understanding the metabolic changes associated with Parkinson's disease.
Article Synopsis
- GCH1 mutations are linked to higher risks of developing dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), with a recent study examining these mutations in 268 PD and 26 DRD patients.
- The study found a much higher prevalence of GCH1 mutations in DRD patients (26.9%) compared to PD patients (1.9%), and variations in onset age were observed between the two conditions.
- Clinical presentations showed common symptoms like dystonia and strong responses to levodopa, but differences in symptomatology were noted, suggesting a more varied clinical profile for PD patients with GCH1 mutations compared to typical PD cases.
Background Nigral degeneration patterns differ between PSP and PD. However, the relationship between nigral degeneration and midbrain atrophy in PSP remains unclear. Objective We analyzed differences and relationships between nigral degeneration and midbrain atrophy in PSP and PD.
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