Comparing Lesion Conspicuity and ADC Reliability in High-resolution Diffusion-weighted Imaging of the Breast.

Purpose: This study investigated the breast lesion conspicuity and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) reliability for three different diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) protocols: spatiotemporal encoding (SPEN), single-shot echo-planar imaging (SS-EPI), and readout segmentation of long variable echo-trains (RESOLVE).

Methods: Sixty-five women suspected of having breast tumors were included in this study, with 44 lesions (36 malignant, 8 benign) analyzed further. Breast MRI was performed on a 3 Tesla (3T) system (MAGNETOM Prisma, Siemens) equipped with a dedicated 18-channel breast array coil for a phantom and patients.

Quantitative assessment of gadolinium deposition in dentate nuclei with MR fingerprinting.

Rationale And Objectives: Gadolinium deposition in the dentate nucleus (DN) has been evaluated by T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) and T1 (R1) mapping, but not MR fingerprinting (MRF). This study investigated associations between T1 and T2 values of DN and gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) using 2-dimensional MRF.

Materials And Methods: This study included 101 patients.

Mapping vascular network architecture in primate brain using ferumoxytol-weighted laminar MRI.

Mapping the vascular organization of the brain is of great importance across various domains of basic neuroimaging research, diagnostic radiology, and neurology. However, the intricate task of precisely mapping vasculature across brain regions and cortical layers presents formidable challenges, resulting in a limited understanding of neurometabolic factors influencing the brain's microvasculature. Addressing this gap, our study investigates whole-brain vascular volume using ferumoxytol-weighted laminar-resolution multi-echo gradient-echo imaging in macaque monkeys.

Imaging of O-labeled Water Using Fast T2 Mapping with T2-preparation: A Phantom Study.

O-labeled water is a T2-shortening contrast agent used in proton MRI and is a promising method for visualizing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics because it provides long-term tracking of water molecules. However, various external factors reduce the accuracy of O-concentration measurements using conventional signal-intensity-based methods. In addition, T2 mapping, which is expected to provide a stable assessment, is generally limited to temporal-spatial resolution.

GABA, glutamate and excitatory-inhibitory ratios measured using short-TE STEAM MRS at 7-Tesla: Effects of macromolecule basis sets and baseline parameters.

Rationale And Objectives: Macromolecules (MMs) affect the precision and accuracy of neurochemical quantification in magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A measured MM basis is increasingly used in LCModel analysis combined with a spline baseline, whose stiffness is controlled by a parameter named DKNTMN. The effects of measured MM basis and DKNTMN were investigated.

A multiparametric approach to predict triple-negative breast cancer including parameters derived from ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

Objective: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly proliferative breast cancer subtype. We aimed to identify TNBC among invasive cancers presenting as masses using maximum slope (MS) and time to enhancement (TTE) measured on ultrafast (UF) DCE-MRI, ADC measured on DWI, and rim enhancement on UF DCE-MRI and early-phase DCE-MRI.

Methods: This retrospective single-center study, between December 2015 and May 2020, included patients with breast cancer presenting as masses.

Quantification of Cerebral Glucose Concentrations via Detection of the H1-α-Glucose Peak in H MRS at 7 T.

Background: Sensitive detection and quantification of cerebral glucose is desired.

Purpose: To quantify cerebral glucose by detecting the H1-α-glucose peak at 5.23 ppm in H magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7 T.

Comparison of Ultrafast Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced (DCE) MRI with Conventional DCE MRI in the Morphological Assessment of Malignant Breast Lesions.

Ultrafast (UF) dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI offers the potential for a faster and, therefore, less expensive examination of breast lesions; however, there are no reports that have evaluated whether UF DCE-MRI can be used the same as conventional DCE-MRI in the reading of morphological information. This study evaluated the agreement in morphological information obtained from malignant breast mass lesions between UF DCE-MRI and conventional DCE-MRI. UF DCE-MRI data were obtained over the first 60 s post-contrast injection, followed by the conventional DCE images.

Accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of T and T relaxation times measurement by 3D magnetic resonance fingerprinting with different dictionary resolutions.

Objectives: To assess the accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of T and T relaxation time measurements by three-dimensional magnetic resonance fingerprinting (3D MRF) using various dictionary resolutions.

Methods: The ISMRM/NIST phantom was scanned daily for 10 days in two 3 T MR scanners using a 3D MRF sequence reconstructed using four dictionaries with varying step sizes and one dictionary with wider ranges. Thirty-nine healthy volunteers were enrolled: 20 subjects underwent whole-brain MRF scans in both scanners and the rest in one scanner.

The Distribution of Major Brain Metabolites in Normal Adults: Short Echo Time Whole-Brain MR Spectroscopic Imaging Findings.

This prospective study aimed to evaluate the variation in magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI)-observed brain metabolite concentrations according to anatomical location, sex, and age, and the relationships among regional metabolite distributions, using short echo time (TE) whole-brain MRSI (WB-MRSI). Thirty-eight healthy participants underwent short TE WB-MRSI. The major metabolite ratios, i.

Microscopic Fractional Anisotropy Detects Cognitive Training-Induced Microstructural Brain Changes.

Cognitive training-induced neuroplastic brain changes have been reported. This prospective study evaluated whether microscopic fractional anisotropy (μFA) derived from double diffusion encoding (DDE) MRI could detect brain changes following a 4 week cognitive training. Twenty-nine healthy volunteers were recruited and randomly assigned into the training ( = 21) and control ( = 8) groups.

Brain/MINDS beyond human brain MRI project: A protocol for multi-level harmonization across brain disorders throughout the lifespan.

Psychiatric and neurological disorders are afflictions of the brain that can affect individuals throughout their lifespan. Many brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have been conducted; however, imaging-based biomarkers are not yet well established for diagnostic and therapeutic use. This article describes an outline of the planned study, the Brain/MINDS Beyond human brain MRI project (BMB-HBM, FY2018 ~ FY2023), which aims to establish clinically-relevant imaging biomarkers with multi-site harmonization by collecting data from healthy traveling subjects (TS) at 13 research sites.

The Rate of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Change With Diffusion Time on Breast Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Depends on Breast Tumor Types and Molecular Prognostic Biomarker Expression.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the variation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values with diffusion time according to breast tumor type and prognostic biomarkers expression.

Materials And Methods: A total of 201 patients with known or suspected breast tumors were prospectively enrolled in this study, and 132 breast tumors (86 malignant and 46 benign) were analyzed. Diffusion-weighted imaging scans with 2 diffusion times were acquired on a clinical 3-T magnetic resonance imaging scanner using oscillating and pulsed diffusion-encoding gradients (effective diffusion times, 4.

Repeatability of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the brain at 7 T: effect of scan time on semi-localized by adiabatic selective refocusing and short-echo time stimulated echo acquisition mode scans and their comparison.

Background: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides a unique opportunity for measurements of the brain's metabolic profile. Two methods of mainstream data acquisition are compared at 7 T, which provides certain advantages as well as challenges. The two representative methods have seldom been compared in terms of measured metabolite concentrations and different scan times.

A multiparametric approach to diagnosing breast lesions using diffusion-weighted imaging and ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a multiparametric approach to breast lesions including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) from diffusion-weighted images (DWI), maximum slope (MS) from ultrafast dynamic contrast enhanced (UF-DCE) MRI, lesion size, and patient's age.

Materials And Methods: In total, 96 lesions (73 malignant, 23 benign) were evaluated. UF-DCE MRI was acquired using a prototype 3D-gradient-echo volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) with compressed sensing.

Towards HCP-Style macaque connectomes: 24-Channel 3T multi-array coil, MRI sequences and preprocessing.

Macaque monkeys are an important animal model where invasive investigations can lead to a better understanding of the cortical organization of primates including humans. However, the tools and methods for noninvasive image acquisition (e.g.

Advantages of fluid and white matter suppression (FLAWS) with MP2RAGE compared with double inversion recovery turbo spin echo (DIR-TSE) at 7T.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and white matter (WM) signal suppression techniques allow better visualization of both WM and gray matter (GM) lesions in such disorders as multiple sclerosis and epilepsy. Recently, a technique, FLuid And White matter Suppression "FLAWS", has been proposed at 3 T based on the magnetization-prepared with two rapid gradient echoes (MP2RAGE) sequence. In this study, the FLAWS-MP2RAGE pulse sequence was compared with a double inversion recovery turbo spin echo (DIR-TSE) sequence at 7 T.