Publications by authors named "Yuta Nemoto"
Introduction: Women's physical activity levels vary throughout adulthood. However, the associations between trajectories of physical activity and health outcomes have been little studied. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of physical activity trajectories with incident diabetes, hypertension, obesity, depression, and physical disability in mid-aged women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- In 2019, Japan's Ministry of Health highlighted the need for "Kayoi-no-ba" initiatives, but did not offer specific guidance or evaluation methods for local governments to implement these initiatives effectively.
- Researchers created a framework called "ACT-RECIPE," consisting of six evaluation phases: understanding needs, assessing current status, building teams, implementing initiatives, evaluating results, and making adjustments.
- The final framework was tested in 50 municipalities in Tokyo to score the effectiveness of their "Kayoi-no-ba" initiatives and analyze their correlation with the number of such initiatives available per 1,000 older residents.
Genetically bred for rapid growth, broiler breeder hens develop obesity and ovarian dysfunction when fed ad libitum, resembling a condition that resembles human polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Nutritional control applies to post-hatched chicks from one week onward to prevent the development of a PCOS-like phenotype in adult broilers. This study investigated the impact of a growth marker, leptin, and post-hatch nutritional intake on early-life ovarian function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Women's physical activity varies across the adult lifespan. However, changes in physical activity among mid-aged women are not well understood. We analysed 21 years of data from women born in 1946-51 to identify: (1) trajectories of physical activity in the transition from mid- to old-age and (2) determinants of different physical activity trajectories.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- A study in Japan explored the connection between low back pain and physical activity/sitting time among older adults (65+) who haven't sought long-term care, as low back pain is common and costly in this demographic.
- A survey was sent to over 7,000 adults, focusing on health status, lifestyle, and experiences of low back pain, with responses from 4,877 people yielding a low back pain prevalence of 31.6%.
- Findings showed no significant link between physical activity and low back pain in younger older adults (65-74), while older adults (≥75) had a notable association suggesting physical activity might be protective against low back pain.
Article Synopsis
- - The study explores how different indicators of socioeconomic status (SES), such as educational attainment and subjective financial status (SFS), impact unhealthy dietary habits across different age groups.
- - Conducted through a survey in a Tokyo suburb with 8,464 participants, the research defines unhealthy dietary habits as skipping breakfast and rarely eating balanced meals, applying Poisson regression for analysis.
- - Findings reveal that lower educational attainment increases breakfast skipping among all ages, while poor SFS specifically affects older adults; young adults and middle-aged adults show a tendency towards less balanced meals with poor SFS or lower education.
Generativity is defined as an individual's concern for and actions dedicated toward the well-being of others, especially youth and subsequent generations. It is a key stage of psychological development from midlife to older age and can be a guiding concept for promoting engagement of older adults in productive and contributive activities, which benefit their well-being. This study examined the longitudinal association between generativity and higher-level functional capacity (HLFC) decline in older Japanese adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: This study examined the relationship between continuity of social participation and progression of frailty among community-dwelling older adults, by baseline frailty level.
Methods: This study was part of a 3-year community-based cohort study among adults aged ≥65 years, living independently in a rural municipality in Japan. Mail surveys were carried out in 2016, 2018 and 2019.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores how increasing intergenerational contact in urban communities can enhance social capital, particularly focusing on adults aged 25-84 years in Kawasaki, Japan.
- Using a non-randomized controlled trial, researchers compared an intervention group (with intergenerational initiatives) to a control group (standard public health services) over three years.
- Results from surveys indicated that the intervention group experienced improvements in social trust, reciprocity norms, and social support, highlighting the potential benefits of fostering connections across generations for community health.
Objectives: Self-employed workers have a higher risk for adverse health outcomes than employed workers. However, the differences in health risk behaviors by employment status are largely unknown. This study examined differences in health risk behaviors between self-employed and employed (permanent/non-permanent) workers by sex and age (20-59 years, 60-79 years).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The study investigated whether mentally active sedentary behavior (MASB) and passive sedentary behavior (PSB) differently influence cognitive function and dementia onset in older adults, with a focus on their physical activity levels.
- - Conducted over five years in Japan with 5,323 participants, the research found that higher MASB was linked to a reduced risk of dementia, especially among individuals with high physical activity levels, while PSB showed no correlation with dementia risk.
- - The results suggest that encouraging MASB and physical activity could help delay or prevent dementia, highlighting the importance of mental engagement and exercise in older populations.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on "Kayoi-no-ba" (places to go) that encourage older adults to participate in voluntary groups aimed at delaying the need for long-term care by promoting engagement and activities.
- Researchers evaluated 175 groups across Tokyo, assessing them based on participant diversity (age, gender, health) and community autonomy (management roles of residents).
- The groups were categorized into four types: "Physical Exercises," "Multi-purpose," "Social Interaction Oriented," and "Non-Interaction," revealing that the Multi-purpose group had a wider age range and more residents involved in management.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to explore how levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) influence the risk of functional disability (FD) in older adults living in Tsuru, Japan.
- Researchers monitored 5,311 older adults over 33 months, measuring their MVPA and SB through questionnaires and determining incidents of FD through assessments by experts.
- The findings indicated that higher MVPA significantly reduced the risk of FD compared to lower MVPA levels, while the impact of SB was less pronounced, suggesting that maintaining an active lifestyle is crucial for functional health in seniors.
This study aims to identify the independent influence of face-to-face contact (FFC) and non-face-to-face contact (NFFC) on the subsequent decline in self-rated health and mental health status by age. A total of 12,000 participants were randomly selected among residents in the study area, and 1751 of them responded to both the 2016 and 2018 mail surveys. The participants were subsequently classified into three age groups (25-49: Young adults; 50-64: Mid-aged adults; and 65-84: Older adults).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: This study aimed to verify the direction of providing and receiving intergenerational support and examine its effects on mental health among intergenerational non-relatives.
Materials And Methods: In the initial survey (Time1), approximately 65,000 residents of Wako City in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, were considered, from which, a sample of 7,000 people was obtained. A total of 2,982 valid responses was received, and a follow-up survey was conducted two years later (Time2).
Article Synopsis
- * Among the 9,201 participants, a significant majority under 70 years preferred television for information, while younger adults favored Internet searches, particularly among women and those with higher education and income levels.
- * The research revealed that older women were less likely to use Internet-based tools for disaster information, highlighting disparities based on age, gender, and other sociodemographic factors.
Background: Most previous studies that examined the association of insomnia with frailty used cross-sectional designs. The temporal relationship between these factors is therefore largely unknown. This study aimed to examine the bidirectional relationship between insomnia and frailty by sex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- A study was conducted to assess the impact of Nordic walking (NW) on cognitive and physical function in older women participating in volunteer activities.
- Forty-seven women aged 70 and above were divided into NW, walking, and control groups, and their cognitive and physical abilities were measured before and after a 3-month intervention involving regular exercise.
- Results indicated that the NW group showed significant improvements in cognitive function (measured by MoCA-J scores), walking speed, and overall physical activity, outperforming the walking group in key areas.
Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the effect of an exercise program targeting knee pain on longitudinal medical costs (MC) of elderly community-dwelling adults.Methods A community-based health program using specific exercises for improving knee pain was held from January to February, 2015. Twenty-eight individuals participated in the program (intervention group) and seventy individuals were selected from the respondents of a health and lifestyle survey by matching age, sex, and baseline value of severity of knee pain as a control group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- A study examined how different types of social networking service (SNS) usage relate to mental health across various age groups, focusing on both SNS and traditional communication methods.
- Over 8,500 participants were analyzed by assessing their usage of LINE, Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, alongside their mental health status using established well-being metrics.
- Results showed that while LINE and Facebook use correlated positively with mental well-being in older and middle-aged adults respectively, heavy Twitter usage was linked to increased distress and loneliness across all ages.
Article Synopsis
- - Social contact influences physical activity (PA), but the effect varies depending on whether the contact is with family or non-family members.
- - The study analyzed responses from 1365 participants collected through surveys over five years, focusing on the relationships between social contact frequency and changes in PA.
- - Results showed a positive link between contact with friends/neighbors and current PA, while increased contact with family/relatives over time was associated with an increase in PA.
Background: Although social group engagement (SGE) has been suggested to affect physical activity (PA) in older age, the longitudinal relationship between these variables is unclear. This study used 2-year panel data to investigate the link between changes in SGE and changes in PA among community-dwelling older adults.
Methods: This study was a 2-year community-based longitudinal study enrolling older adults living in a rural municipality in Japan.
Objectives Many local governments and elementary and junior high schools in Japan have conducted a "greeting campaign". This has been done in order to activate communication among local residents, and to instill public spirit and sociability in students' minds. However, few studies have explored the significance of greeting campaigns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: The health benefits of paid employment in late life are understood, but they might vary according to work motives. We examined the health effects of employment among older adults, focusing on motivation.
Methods: We carried out a 2-year longitudinal survey from 2013 (baseline) to 2015 (follow up).
Article Synopsis
- This study explored how interactions between different age groups (young adults aged 25-49 and older adults aged 65-84) relate to mental health, focusing on both intra-generational (same age group) and inter-generational (different age groups) exchanges.
- A total of 3,334 young adults and 3,116 older adults participated in a survey that assessed their mental well-being and types of social interactions.
- Findings revealed that a majority of young adults (61.5%) were mentally healthy, with varying levels of social exchange: 51.3% engaged in intra-generational, 21.9% in inter-generational, and 16.5% in multi-generational exchanges, while