Total Synthesis of Waltherione A, a Quinolone Alkaloid Fused with Oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane.

Waltherione A (), a unique quinolone alkaloid fused with oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane, was isolated originally from and recently by us from a methanol extract of along with the related 3,4-dimethoxyquinoline paliasanines A-E.

Formation of Long-Lived Dark States during Electronic Relaxation of Pyrimidine Nucleobases Studied Using Extreme Ultraviolet Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy.

Ultrafast electronic relaxation of nucleobases from ππ* states to the ground state (S) is considered essential for the photostability of DNA. However, transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) has indicated that some nucleobases in aqueous solutions create long-lived nπ*/ππ* dark states from the ππ* states with a high quantum yield of 0.4-0.

Synthesis of a Model Compound of the Unique Meroterpenoids Cryptolaevilactones.

Cryptolaevilactones (CLs) A-L, found in the leaves and twigs of Cryptocarya laevigata, are unique natural meroterpenoids with a spiro[3.5]nonane skeleton. We report the total synthesis of a simplified model compound of CLs A-C.

[Coordination chemogenetics for regulation of glutamate receptors in neuron].

Transmembrane receptors transmit extracellular information into cells. In many cases, protein families are composed of highly homologous subtypes, each of which has unique cellular functions. Therefore, it is highly desired for understanding the physiological roles of the receptor in tissues or animals.

Coordination chemogenetics for activation of GPCR-type glutamate receptors in brain tissue.

Direct activation of cell-surface receptors is highly desirable for elucidating their physiological roles. A potential approach for cell-type-specific activation of a receptor subtype is chemogenetics, in which both point mutagenesis of the receptors and designed ligands are used. However, ligand-binding properties are affected in most cases.

Chemogenetics of cell surface receptors: beyond genetic and pharmacological approaches.

Cell surface receptors transmit extracellular information into cells. Spatiotemporal regulation of receptor signaling is crucial for cellular functions, and dysregulation of signaling causes various diseases. Thus, it is highly desired to control receptor functions with high spatial and/or temporal resolution.

Effects of substituent pattern on the intracellular target of antiproliferative benzo[b]thiophenyl chromone derivatives.

A new biological scaffold was produced by replacing the 6π-electron phenyl ring-B of a natural flavone skeleton with a 10π-electron benzothiophene (BT). Since aromatic rings are important for ligand protein interactions, this expansion of the π-electron system of ring-B might change the bioactivity profile. One of the resulting novel natural product-inspired compounds, 2-(benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-7-isopropoxy-6-methoxyflavone (6), effectively arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and displayed significant antiproliferative effects with IC values of 0.

First Total Synthesis of the Pavine Alkaloid (±)-Neocaryachine and Its Optical Resolution.

The first total synthesis of (±)-neocaryachine (1) was achieved using a radical cyclization to produce the dibenzo-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane pavine skeleton, following a Bischler-Napieralski reaction to construct an intermediate benzylisoquinoline.

Spiro[3.5]nonenyl Meroterpenoid Lactones, Cryptolaevilactones G-L, an Ionone Derivative, and Total Synthesis of Cryptolaevilactone M from .

A CHOH-CHCl (1:1) extract (N025439) of the leaves and twigs of furnished eight new compounds, -. Based on extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data examination, the new δ-lactone derivatives - are monoterpene-polyketide hybrids containing a unique spiro[3.5]nonenyl moiety.

Secondary Metabolites, Monoterpene-Polyketides Containing a Spiro[3.5]nonane from Cryptocarya laevigata.

Six novel lactone derivatives, cryptolaevilactones A-F (1-6), were isolated from Cryptocarya laevigata. Their unique spiro[3.5]nonane moiety by hetero [2 + 2] cyclization with monoterpene and polyketide was found for the first time in nature.

Expressed emotion and social functioning in chronic schizophrenia.

The aim of this study was to reveal the relationships between family expressed emotion (EE), family evaluations of social functioning, and the psychopathologic symptoms of patients with schizophrenia. We examined whether EE influenced the social functioning of patients with schizophrenia. Forty-four subjects with schizophrenia and 82 of their relatives participated in this study.

Duration of untreated psychosis and pathways to psychiatric services in first-episode schizophrenia.

The aim of the present study was to examine the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) in first-episode schizophrenia patients in Japan and to investigate the available pathways to psychiatric services. Eighty-three patients who visited Keio University Hospital (n = 54) or Oizumi Mental Hospital (n = 29) were evaluated retrospectively with regard to their DUP, living situation, social participation level, referral pathway, reason for seeking treatment, and their global assessment of functioning (GAF) score. The mean DUP was 13.